13例脐尿管囊肿的诊断分析

脐尿管囊肿是一种少见畸形,为探讨其病因、临床表现及诊治方法,对2010年1月～2013年12月于我院诊断为脐尿管囊肿的13例患者进行回顾性分析。结果显示,脐尿管囊肿主要发现于男性患儿,可表现为腹痛、脐部或膀胱不适等合并症,常伴有发热,也可无明显临床表现,由单纯查体发现。B超和CT是推荐检查方法,确诊需依靠组织病理学检查。手术切除是治疗该病的首选方法,临床效果满意。随着技术的发展,治疗脐尿管囊肿可优先选择腹腔镜切除术。     

An internet survey of emotional health,treatment seeking and barriers to accessing mental health treatment among Chinese-speaking international students in Australia

The present internet survey examined the demographic characteristics of Chinese-speaking international students in Australia, psychological distress levels as measured by the Kessler-10 (K-10) Item scale, help-seeking history and preferences, as well as treatment barriers. Of the 144 respondents, 54% reported high psychological distress (mean K-10 score?=?23.96; SD?=?9.03). However, only 9% of those who were highly distressed reported they had sought mental health services in the past year. While the majority preferred help from informal social networks, they tended to favour mental health services over traditional culture-specific forms of help. Common barriers to accessing mental health services reported by respondents with high psychological distress included costs or transportation concerns, limited knowledge of available services, time constraints, the perception that symptoms were not severe enough to warrant treatment, language difficulties and lack of knowledge of symptoms of psychological distress. Although the majority preferred face-to-face treatments over internet treatments, a considerable percentage of respondents were willing to try either treatment modality. Chinese-speaking international students are a high risk group for developing psychological distress, yet they tend to underuse mental health services. Education about the effectiveness of face-to-face and online treatments may increase treatment seeking by this population.     

培养临床医学专业学位研究生系统思维能力的途径和方法

系统思维是20世纪中期以后发展起来的一种新型思维,它与传统还原论思维根本不同,强调立足于事物整体来认识和处理问题,注重揭示事物内部机制以及环境对整体的作用和影响。我国临床医学专业学位研究生的培养应该纳入这种现代思维方式,使其善于应用系统思维来指导诊断和治疗,并应用在医学科研中。这不仅有利于提高其服务广大患者的能力,而且有利于提高其临床医学科研能力,从而提高临床研究生的整体素质。     

临床共情与护理技术结合：人性化的护理

临床共情是一种能体验患者内心世界的能力,通过患者的言语和非言语表达,觉察和认识患者情感和情绪需求,并对其做出恰当的回应.临床共情具有科学的理论和实践基础,具有缓解患者心理上的痛苦,改善护患关系,促进患者康复等作用.在当今复杂的医疗环境下,务必要重视共情培养,适时运用临床共情.然而,我们强调临床共情的重要作用,并不能忽视护理技术的根本作用,根除躯体上的病变仍有赖于护理技术的有效性.在临床护理实践中,坚持共情与护理技术的有机结合,推进人性化的护理构建.     

反映还是形成？平行还是层级？PSM的模型建构与检验

在心理学领域,传统的多指标潜变量的测量模型大都采用反映性建构,各指标反映了潜在构念,构念是各指标的原因.但实际上有些构念应该采用形成性建构,各指标是原因,形成了潜在构念.建构方式的选择不仅要从理论来考虑,还要通过数据特征来决定.研究以公共服务动机（PSM）构念为例,通过公益投资游戏取得投资绩效和满意度效标,验证了先前研究提出的“一阶反映二阶形成”建构模式,并进一步检验了层级性建构方式的优势,有助于PSM理论框架与实证测量的统一.     

我国临床药学发展史的回顾及展望

临床药学是一门近几十年发展起来的新兴学科,是近年来我国一个备受关注的领域。它的产生及在我国的发展经历了一个曲折的过程,但却是历史发展的必然结果。纵观整个出现发展过程及现状,让我们思考了很多,对其今后的发展以及我们科学的认识事物有很好的启示。     

Challenges Marriage-Hunting People Face: Competition and Excessive Analysis1

In this paper, the reality of marriage hunting is examined through the narratives of marriage-hunting people. The results show that marriage hunting is based on the premise of a “competitive situation” and that people seeking a marriage partner require “analyzing” in order to win in this situation. However, the results indicate that marriage hunting becomes unsuccessful because, ironically, analyzing prevents people from behaving freely. Furthermore, the causes of their failure are attributed to them, thus giving rise to more analyzing. These findings suggest that the key to the future of marriage hunting is to free oneself from being governed by rules. The paper closes with a discussion of the importance of viewing marriage hunting as a relational effect.     

医学生临床实习应掌握的几种哲学思维方式

为适应全球卫生事业的迅猛发展,面对医学教育落后于医学发展的现状,转化医学教育迫在眉睫。在第三代“以系统为基础”的教育改革中,培养医学生的哲学思维无疑是其重要环节之一。思维方式必须在医学生步入临床时就要开始正确培养,一旦开始阶段就养成不正确的思维方式、不但会导致医疗过程中的失误,而且再想改变将会有很大难度。本文通过对医学哲学重要性的探讨,剖析医学生哲学思维的不足,阐述了医学生,临床实习过程中应掌握的几种哲学思维方式。旨在提高医学生的哲学理念,促进以岗位胜任能力为导向的医学教育转型发展。