The design and use of the Bioethics Consultation Form

The emergence of the ethics consultation as a means to resolve moral crises in clinical medicine has revealed the need for a worksheet that would facilitate intake and analysis. The author developed the Bioethics Consultation Form as an attempt to remedy this need. The form is arranged in an outline format and is a useful asset to ethics committee discussions and record keeping. The first section covers basic intake data concerning the patient's medical and personal information, advance directives, and values, as well as the values of the physician and family. After the intake section is completed with the above data, the ethics consultant then turns to the analysis section. This second section allows for (1) the discussion of conflicting values, (2) the identification of priorities, and (3) the elucidation of ethical norms relevant to the case.The Bioethics Consultation Form was adopted by the Patient Care Advisory committee of the Franklin Square Hospital Center in Baltimore, Maryland in 1986. The methodology in the use of the form will be discussed. Further, the potential spectrum of consultative cases that can be analyzed using the form will be highlighted.     

Making peace in gestational conflicts

Mary Anne Warren's claim that there is room for only one person with full and equal rights inside a single human skin ([1], p. 63) calls attention to the vast range of moral conflict engendered by assigning full basic moral rights to fetuses. Thereby, it serves as a goad to thinking about conflicts between pregnant women and their fetuses in a way that emphasizes relationships rather than rights. I sketch out what a care orientation might suggest about resolving gestational conflicts. I also argue that the care orientation, with its commitment to the significance of the partial and the particular, cannot be absorbed within standard, impartialist moral theory.     

解读2009年GINA——5岁及5岁以下儿童哮喘诊断与管理

2009年5月,全球哮喘防治创议组织（GINA）发布了“Global Strategy for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma in Children 5 Years and Younger（5岁及5岁以下儿童哮喘诊断和管理的全球策略”。这是由GINA执行委员会所组织的儿科专家组,根据当前所能得到的循证医学证据为基础,并且考虑到5岁及5岁以下儿童哮喘管理所面临的特殊挑战（包括诊断困难、药物和药物输出装置的有效性和安全性、缺乏在该年龄段新疗法的数据等）,专门针对这个年龄组的儿童,所提出的哮喘诊断和管理方面的报告。     

一期前后联合入路治疗上颈椎畸形

回顾9例因颅底凹陷症合并其它畸形在我科接受一期经口咽齿状突切除、后路枕骨大孔减压、寰枢椎或枕颈融合术治疗的,临床资料,观察该术式对脊髓功能、枕颈部稳定性的影响及其临床疗效。本组术前诊断均为颅底凹陷症合并邻近结构畸形。所有患者均接受前后联合入路手术。末次随访JOA评分15±1分。影像学检查示齿状突残留基底部均位于钱氏线以下,脊髓减压充分,寰枢间、枕颈间植骨均获坚强融合,融合时间平均3．9±1.1个月。因此一期前后路联合手术治疗颅底凹陷症,脊髓减压充分,重建稳定性后骨融合好,治疗效果满意。     

Building and Maintaining Clinical Programs

This paper describes the basic elements of practice development and management within the academic medical setting. These include assessment of the market environment, both in the community and within the medical setting, product development, marketing, budget basics, quality, managed care negotiations, and finding time to do research in a financially-driven health care system.     

现代姑息医学内涵在实践中的演化

积极开展姑息医学服务已成肿瘤临床工作者的共同实践,并使其在实践中得到发展。姑息医学在肿瘤整体治疗中的作用和地位已逐渐受到同行的认同,提高了肿瘤工作者对姑息医学实践的参与热情,使业内有识之士从全新的角度对姑息医学的内涵进行审视。本文拟结合姑息医学的发展历程及不同分期肿瘤患者姑息治疗的内容介绍现代姑息医学内涵的演化过程。     

肝癌基础研究如何向临床转化

肝癌基础研究在过去数十年取得了长足的进步,而肝癌临床研究则相对滞后,二者间存在巨大的反差。如何将基因组时代发现的大量有重要意义的基础研究成果及时有效地转化为临床可用的技术方法,以进一步提高肝癌治疗效果是亟待解决的难题。转化医学研究为其搭建了一条重要桥梁。     

转化医学与肿瘤诊治

转化医学是促进基础研究成果向临床应用转化和根据临床医学的需求从事应用基础研究的桥梁。本文以转化医学在肿瘤防治研究的实例,分析转化医学的意义,以期为使大家重视转化医学,提高肿瘤诊治水平。     

子宫内膜异位症引起的盆腔疼痛的诊断和治疗

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMT)是妇科最常见的疾病之一,且发病率呈逐年上升趋势,盆腔疼痛是它常见的症状之一,其发病机制尚未明确,易复发,成为妇科研究的热点和难点。随着对EMT引起盆腔疼痛的发病机理的不断认识,其诊治也相应得到完善和发展。本文从哲学的角度以认识和实践等观点对EMT引起盆腔疼痛的诊断和治疗进展进行综述,以助于临床诊治。     

我国转化医学发展现状的思考

转化医学在当今世界发展迅速,虽然在我国起步较晚,但取得了巨大的成就,建立了许多转化医学研究机构,积极开展合作交流,但不可避免地存在一些问题,诸如创新能力不足、顶层设计不够和人才缺乏等,为此提出相应对策和未来发展的前景,同时指出转化医学在我国不仅是学术问题,而且是社会问题.