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81.
Burleigh Wilkins 《The Journal of Ethics》2008,12(1):105-122
In this essay, I first evaluate the conceptual analysis of human rights by Wilfried Hinsch and Markus Stepanians. Next I criticize
Allen Buchanan’s claim that Rawls did not address basic human interests/capabilities theories of human nature. I argue Buchanan
is doubly mistaken when he claims that John Rawls sought to avoid such theories because they are comprehensive doctrines.
Then I evaluate David Reidy’s defense of Rawls, while questioning his efforts to show how Rawls’s list of human rights could
be expanded. Finally, I accept James Nickel’s argument that Rawls has tied human rights too closely to intervention on their
behalf. However, I reject his, and by implication Rawls’s, refusal to accept a two-tiered approach to human rights. 相似文献
82.
83.
Nancy E Betz Fred H Borgen Alisa Paulsen Lenore W Harmon 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2003,62(1):76-100
This series of studies describes the development and psychometric evaluation of 17 scales measuring confidence or self-efficacy with respect to basic domains of vocational activity. The confidence scales assessed previously measured interest dimensions such as Writing, Mechanical Activities, and Public Speaking, but also included dimensions reflective of recent changes in the nature of work or the culture of the workplace, for example, Using Technology, Creative Production, and Cultural Sensitivity. The scales were internally consistent, showed predictable patterns of gender differences and similarities, and were in generally most highly related to the predicted Holland confidence theme. Discriminant analyses of scores across the eight largest occupational groups represented indicated large improvements over chance, or a priori probabilities, in the prediction of occupational group membership. Further research on and use of these 17 new scales in joint interpretations of parallel measures of interest and confidence are discussed. 相似文献
84.
Patrick J Rottinghaus Lisa M Larson Fred H Borgen 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2003,62(2):221-236
This study empirically synthesizes and evaluates studies that have examined the relation between vocationally relevant domains of self-efficacy and interests. We conducted a meta-analytic review of 60 empirical independent samples (N=39,154) in which relations between self-efficacy and interests had been examined. Fifty-three of these samples (N=37,829) included parallel measures of the constructs. Relations between parallel measures of Holland’s RIASEC themes, the specific dimensions of art, math, science and math/science combined, and traditionally female and male occupations are also presented. Results demonstrated that self-efficacy and interests are independent constructs that correlate moderately. Differences by sex, measure, and age group are noted. Future directions for research regarding links between self-efficacy and interests are discussed. 相似文献
85.
利益冲突的调节机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
周业勤 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2004,25(10):69-70
利益的平衡取决于相关利益群体参与政策过程的能力的平衡.成立患者权利保护协会,使患者以组织化方式有效参与卫生改革的政策过程,制衡相关利益群体的利益最大化诉求,是平衡卫生服务领域利益冲突的根本途径. 相似文献
86.
Jacob Busch 《Philosophia》2009,37(1):55-65
The underdetermination of theory by data argument (UD) is traditionally construed as an argument that tells us that we ought
to favour an anti-realist position over a realist position. I argue that when UD is constructed as an argument saying that
theory choice is to proceed between theories that are empirically equivalent and adequate to the phenomena up until now, the
argument will not favour constructive empiricism over realism. A constructive empiricist cannot account for why scientists
are reasonable in expecting one theory to be empirically adequate rather than another, given the criteria he suggests for
theory choice.
相似文献
Jacob BuschEmail: |
87.
It is a feature of scientific inquiry that it proceeds alongside a multitude of non-scientific interests. This statement is
as true of the scientific inquiries of previous centuries, many of which brought scientists into conflict with institutionalised
religious thinking, as it is true of the scientific inquiries of today, which are conducted increasingly within commercial
and political contexts. However, while the fact of the coexistence of scientific and non-scientific interests has changed
little over time, what has changed with time is the effect of this coexistence on scientific inquiry itself. While scientists
may no longer construct their theories with various religious dictates in mind, growing commercial and political interests
in science have served to distort the interpretation of science. Using the U.K.’s recent crisis with bovine spongiform encephalopathy
(BSE) as my context, I examine two ways in which this distortion has occurred – the interpretation of the science of BSE by
politicians and by commercial parties for the purposes of justifying policy decisions and informing the public of risk, respectively.
Fallacious reasoning, I contend, is the manifestation of this distortion in these contexts. In demonstration of this claim,
I examine how politicians and commercial parties alike have employed two fallacies in their assessments of the science of
BSE. These fallacies extend in novel ways the set of so-called traditional informal fallacies. The interpretation of science,
I conclude, is a rich context in which to conduct a study of fallacious reasoning; moreover, such a study can contribute in
significant ways, I argue, to the public understanding of science. 相似文献
88.
This article provides a brief discussion of the historical context for the major recent advances in enlisted selection and classification that are the subject of this special issue. By providing a perspective on the difficulty personality assessment has had gaining traction as a screening measure, it supplies a basis for understanding the significance of recent advances in personality measurement. This article also summarizes the military research on interest measurement that will receive more extended treatment later in this issue. It relates the work in this issue on new information technology testing to the role of information testing in the current military operational selection and classification test battery, the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), and discusses the background for 2 additional cognitive measures, Coding Speed and Assembling Objects. Finally, it previews issues to be discussed in the commentary article at the end of this issue. 相似文献
89.
The influence of work interests on employee behavior is often misunderstood. Accordingly, the potential of work interest measures to improve “high stakes” employee decision-making has been grossly underestimated. One organization that has taken work interests seriously however, is the U.S. military. The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) to summarize the rich history of military-sponsored research on work interests for employee selection and classification, (b) to highlight recent advances in work interest measurement from military-sponsored research, and (c) to outline the way forward for advancing work interest theory and measurement. 相似文献
90.
《Médecine & Droit》2014,2014(124):3-8
The conceptualization of conflicts of interests and deployment of their regulatory systems are primarily modes of economic and managerial health control. When did the legal regime of conflicts of interests, which formalizes the process, clash with the conditions of professional practice? Not all assumptions of friction or opposition of interests necessarily constitute a conflict of interests. All public sector professionals have interests but not all their interests generate conflicts. The aim of public declaration of interests is to reveal the relations of interest in order to allay suspicion. Most frequently in the form of soft law system, the declaration of interests is a way of warning about the existence of a “grey zone” or time of deontological risk. It was changed by the law of 29 December 2011 相似文献