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排序方式: 共有182条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(3):375-395
Abstract The authors used a Saudi context to verify the cross-cultural generality of findings (A. Rodrigues & K. L. Lloyd, 1998) reported for U.S. and Brazilian samples in which compliant behavior caused by reward, informational, and referent influences was perceived as more controllable and more internal than compliant behavior resulting from legitimate, expert, and coercive influences. This differential attribution led, in turn, to different affective and behavioral responses. In the present study, cognitive and affective reactions of Saudi students were measured with regard to compliant behavior (leading to a good outcome or a bad outcome) caused by each of the 6 bases of power described by B. H. Raven (1965). As expected, power bases had significant effects. However, when the outcome of the compliant behavior was bad, compliant behavior caused by a coercive influence led to the perception of more internality and controllability. Also—and not found in previous studies—the perception of less internality and controllability of compliant behavior was caused by an informational influence. Findings are discussed in the light of related research and Saudi cultural characteristics. 相似文献
82.
83.
Abstract This study investigated racial differences in the relationship between spouse marital adjustment and dietary adherence of chronic hemodialysis patients. Sixty-eight adult patients and their spouse were subjects. Fifty-two percent of the patients were Caucasians while 48% were Afro-Americans. Spouses completed the Locke-Marital-Questionnaire (LMQ) and provided demographic data pertaining to their patient spouses. The patients' predialysis potassium levels (indices of food intake compliance) for the previous three months were matched with the respective questionnaires. Afro-American spouses, especially males, evidenced significantly lower marital satisfaction than Caucasian spouses. Afro-American female patients seemed to be most compliant as far as food intake wasconcemed. Although the spouse LMQ score was negatively correlated with interdialysis weight gain. Afro-Americans who generally scored lower on the LMQ did not differ from Caucasians in so far as their adherence to the dietary regimen was concerned. Implications for improving quality of life of hemodialysis couples in general, and Afro-Americans in particular are discussed. 相似文献
84.
Anthony Spirito Laurie Ruggiero Melanie Duckworth Kathyrn G. Low Donald R. Coustan Stephen T. McGarvey 《Psychology & health》2013,28(5):345-353
Abstract The relationship of diabetes knowledge to regimen compliance and metabolic control was examined in a sample of pregnant women with preexisting insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (N = 27) and women who developed gestational diabetes during pregnancy (N = 45). Subjects completed self-report measures of diabetes knowledge and compliance with their diabetic regimen and blood glucose levels were monitored. Knowledge was positively, although modestly, related to dietary compliance, compliance with insulin administration and insulin reaction management recommendations, as well as fasting blood glucose levels. Findings suggest that among pregnant women, efforts to increase knowledge of diabetes specific to pregnancy may result in some improvement in selected aspects of the diabetic regimen. 相似文献
85.
Objective: Most adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 diabetes struggle with diabetes self-management and exhibit suboptimal glycemic control. This study examined two models of association between illness representations, a modifiable predictor of suboptimal outcomes, and adherence and glycemic control in AYAs with type 1 diabetes.Design and main outcome measures: Ninety-nine AYAs (ages 15–20?years) completed measures of illness representations and adherence at two visits. Blood glucose monitoring frequency and haemoglobin A1c were obtained via chart review. Relationships were examined using structural equation modelling.Results: Illness representations accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in blood glucose monitoring frequency (ΔR2?=?.23, p?<?.01) and adherence to emergency precautions at Time 1 (ΔR2?=?.07, p?=?.03). Illness representations also accounted for significant variance in blood glucose monitoring frequency (ΔR2?=?.08, p?=?.01), adherence to recommendations for insulin and food (ΔR2?=?.08, p?=?.02) and exercise (ΔR2?=?.10, p?<?.01), and adherence to emergency precautions (ΔR2?=?.16, p?<?.01) at Time 2.Conclusion: Illness representations are salient predictors of adherence in this population. Interventions targeting adherence promotion and glycemic control in AYAs with type 1 diabetes may be enhanced by efforts to modify illness representations. 相似文献
86.
When we evaluated variables that influence the effectiveness of the high-probability (high-p) instruction sequence, the sequence was associated with a precipitous decrease in compliance with high-p instructions for 1 participant, thereby precluding continued use of the sequence. We investigated the reasons for this decrease. Stimuli associated with the low-p instruction were systematically added and removed in the context of the high-p instructions, and results suggest that the stimuli associated with the low-p instruction influenced compliance with the high-p instructions. 相似文献
87.
Wilder DA Allison J Nicholson K Abellon OE Saulnier R 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2010,43(4):601-613
Functional analyses were conducted to identify reinforcers for noncompliance exhibited by 6 young children. Next, the effects of rationales (statements that describe why a child should comply with a caregiver-delivered instruction) were evaluated. In Experiment 1, 3 participants received the rationales immediately after the therapist's instruction. In Experiment 2, 3 additional participants received more practical rationales immediately before the therapist's instruction. The results indicate that rationales were ineffective for all 6 children. A guided compliance procedure increased compliance for 1 child; contingent access to preferred items with or without response cost increased compliance for the other participants. Although levels of problem behavior varied within and across participants, they were often higher in the rationale and guided compliance conditions. 相似文献
88.
Nicolas Guéguen 《The Journal of psychology》2013,147(5):569-576
We tested the Door-in-the-Face technique (DITF) on blood donation with a delay between the acceptance of the request and the real possibility of complying with it. University students were solicited to give blood during a special one-day drive. After the refusal to participate in a long-term donor program, participants were asked for a one unit blood donation. In the control condition, only the latter request was addressed. The participants were either solicited two or three hours before the blood drive (delay) or during the blood drive (no delay). Results showed the DITF technique to be associated with greater verbal compliance with the request. However, the DITF technique with no delay was associated with greater behavioral compliance than were both of the control conditions and the DITF with a delay condition. 相似文献
89.
90.
Phillip J. Belfiore Sarah Pulley Basile David L. Lee 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2008,17(2):160-171
One of the most problematic behaviors in children with developmental disabilities is noncompliance. Although behavioral research
has provided strategies to impact noncompliance, oftentimes the methodologies are consequent techniques, which may not be
conducive to implementation by the classroom teacher. In this teacher-designed and implemented study, a sequence of high-probability
instructional commands preceded the targeted low-probability command, in an attempt to increase compliance to the low-probability
command. Results, discussed within the body of behavioral momentum research, showed an increase in compliance to low-probability
classroom commands for a seven year-old student with moderate mental retardation and Down Syndrome. Results are discussed
as (a) an effective, antecedent approach to classroom compliance and (b) re-connecting the gap between applied behavioral
research and experimentally controlled classroom practice. 相似文献