Therapist Positioning and Power in Discursive Therapies: A Comparative Analysis

The “discursive turn” in therapy gave the therapeutic relationship its deserved significance, which was implied but never fully recognized in traditional therapy literature. The exception would be the writing of Rogers, Satir, and Whitaker. Therapists’ actions in relation to clients became the topic of critical analysis and reflection rather than a resource for addressing some underlying inter- or intra-psychic forces and processes. This paper focuses on the issue of the therapist’s relational engagement with families, particularly the notion of therapist power, as conceived within three discursive approaches to family therapy: narrative, solution-focused, and collaborative.

Does empathy predict adolescents' bullying and defending behavior?

Through structural equation modeling, this study tested a path of relations in which different levels of empathic responsiveness were posited to be differently associated to bullying and defending behavior. Three hundred and eighteen Italian adolescents (142 girls and 176 boys; mean age = 13.2 years) completed the Davis's Interpersonal Reactivity Index [Davis, 1983] for empathy and the Participant role scales [Salmivalli et al., 1996] for bullying and defending behavior. The results revealed that the model fitted the data adequately, but only in the case of boys. As hypothesized, low levels of empathic responsiveness were associated to students' involvement in bullying others. In contrast, empathy was positively associated with actively helping victimized schoolmates. However, the estimates algorithm did not reach convergence with girls' data. The current findings confirm and extend the literature on the relation between empathy, prosociality and aggressive behavior. Educational implications are also discussed.     

不同训练方法对小学生分享行为影响的实验研究

本研究采用情境讨论、角色扮演和归因训练法对小学生分享行为进行为期两个月的训练,结果表明不同训练方法对培养小学生的分享行为都有明显作用,其中角色扮演法对小学生分享行为影响的效果最好,归因训练法次之,情景讨论法稍差;实验训练对培养小学女生分享行为的效果要明显优于对小学男生的效果,但情景讨论法对女生影响的效果优于男生,角色扮演训练对男生的影响效果要稍优于女生,但差异都不明显,而归因训练法对女生的训练效果明显地优于男生。     

Bayesian estimation of a multilevel IRT model using gibbs sampling

In this article, a two-level regression model is imposed on the ability parameters in an item response theory (IRT) model. The advantage of using latent rather than observed scores as dependent variables of a multilevel model is that it offers the possibility of separating the influence of item difficulty and ability level and modeling response variation and measurement error. Another advantage is that, contrary to observed scores, latent scores are test-independent, which offers the possibility of using results from different tests in one analysis where the parameters of the IRT model and the multilevel model can be concurrently estimated. The two-parameter normal ogive model is used for the IRT measurement model. It will be shown that the parameters of the two-parameter normal ogive model and the multilevel model can be estimated in a Bayesian framework using Gibbs sampling. Examples using simulated and real data are given.     

父亲的角色态度对其教养投入的影响：母亲态度类型的调节作用

本研究采用双亲关于父亲角色的态度问卷及父亲教养投入问卷,对427个3~7岁儿童的父母进行调查,考察父亲关于自身角色的态度对其教养投入的影响以及母亲关于父亲角色的态度类型在其中的调节作用.结果表明:(1)父亲关于自身教养价值、教养动机、教养技能的态度均可正向预测其教养投入,而父亲关于自身教养天性的态度对其教养投入没有显著的预测作用;(2)母亲态度类型在父亲的教养动机与其教养投入之间具有调节作用,在父亲角色态度的其他维度与教养投入之间无显著的调节效应.当母亲为矛盾型和拒绝型时,父亲的教养动机可正向预测其教养投入;当母亲为接纳型时,父亲的教养动机对其教养投入不具有预测作用.     

领导职业支持对组织公民行为的影响:心理资本的作用

本研究探讨领导职业支持对工作团队成员组织公民行为的影响机制,研究采用问卷调查法,以10个地市的66个工作团队303名成员为调查对象,在控制被试的教育程度、工作经验及人口统计学变量之后,运用多层线性模型分析领导职业支持与团队成员心理资本及其组织公民行为的关系。结果发现：（1）领导职业支持对团队成员心理资本和组织公民行为有积极促进作用;（2）无论在团队层次还是员工层次,领导职业支持对成员组织公民行为有积极促进作用,成员心理资本在二者之间起完全中介作用。     

大学生社会支持对睡眠质量的影响：多重中介模型的检验

以360名大学生为被试,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、领悟社会支持量表、担忧问卷以及状态焦虑量表,考察了担忧、焦虑在社会支持和睡眠质量关系之间的多重中介作用。结果表明,复合式多重中介模型能够较好地解释焦虑和担忧在社会支持与睡眠质量之间所起的中介作用。     

真实型领导对教师知识分享行为的影响:组织支持感的中介和调节作用*

为了探讨真实型领导、组织支持感和教师知识分享行为的关系,对330个有效教师样本进行研究。结果发现:(1)真实型领导对教师的知识分享行为具有显著的预测作用(β=0.494,p<0.001)。(2)组织支持感在两者之间具有部分中介作用,间接效应占总效应的44.8%。(3)组织支持感在真实型领导的下属导向、领导特质、诚实不欺和正直无私与知识分享行为的关系中起调节作用,但在循规蹈矩与知识分享行为的关系中的调节作用不显著。     

基于眼动数据的一例角色书信疗法临床案例的分析与启示

采用眼动法,探究来访者阅读去信与回信时认知信息的变化,以及新手型咨询师与来访者在阅读角色书信时认知信息的差异。结果表明,来访者阅读回信时,对去信中诱发不良情绪的部分认知因素予以回应;新手型咨询师的注视时间显著短于来访者,注视次数多于来访者,热点区域不同于来访者。结果说明,往复的角色书信可以促进来访者转变不良认知;新手型咨询师对角色书信的理解与来访者存在不同。     

大学生性别角色调查研究

目的:探讨不同性别比例的高校大学生的性别角色分布等相关情况。方法:2007年10月份,汉市两所性别比例不同的高校分层随机抽取了大学生共计1451人,采用钱铭怡等人编制的大学性角色量表(CSRI)进行问卷调查。结果:(1)大学生性别角色存在显著的性别差异。(2)大学期间是性别角色发展的重要时期,大学生具有传统性别角色的发展趋势,其中女生的性别角色化明显而男生的性别角色发展相对平稳。(3)性别角色存在显著的专业差异。(4)性别比例不的高校其性别角色没有显著的差异。