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761.
This article starts with a brief historical account of the ongoing debate about the status of clinical ethics: theory of practice. The author goes on to argue that clinical ethics is best understood as a practice. However, its practicality should not be measured by the extent to which clinical-ethical consultants manage to mediate or negotiate resolutions to ethical conflicts. Rather, clinical ethics is practical because it is characterized by a profound concern for the well-being of individual patients as well as the moral parameters of swift and urgent medical action in the face of limited supportive information. 相似文献
762.
Darwish A. Yousef 《International journal of stress management》1999,6(4):265-282
The present study investigates the antecedents and consequences of job stressors, especially role conflict and role ambiguity, in an environment where multiculturalism is a dominant feature of the workforce. This study used a sample of 397 employees in various manufacturing and service organizations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Path analysis revealed that age is negatively related to role conflict and positively to role ambiguity, and that nationality is positively related to role ambiguity. Results further indicate that role conflict directly and negatively influences job satisfaction, whereas role ambiguity directly and indirectly influences job satisfaction. Role conflict (directly), role ambiguity (directly and indirectly) and positively influence absenteeism. Both role conflict and role ambiguity negatively influence affective and behavioral tendency dimensions of attitudes toward organizational change, while role ambiguity directly and negatively influences cognitive attitude toward organizational change. Implications, limitations, lines of future research, and contributions were discussed. 相似文献
763.
国外父亲教养方式研究的现状和趋势 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
父亲教养方式越来越成为父母教养方式中的重要组成部分。文章从父亲养育孩子的本能、父亲的参与度、父亲对子女性别角色发展的影响、父亲对子女的自我认同等几个方面对国外心理学有关文献进行综述,提出了研究的特点及不足,并展望了关于父亲教养方式的研究趋势。 相似文献
764.
765.
Are Traditional Gender Role Attitudes Associated With Risky Sexual Behavior and Condom-related Beliefs? 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cindy L. Shearer Shelley J. Hosterman Meghan M. Gillen Eva S. Lefkowitz 《Sex roles》2005,52(5-6):311-324
Traditional gender role attitudes, which emphasize an unequal distribution of power in the family and stereotypical norms about masculinity, may be associated with unsafe sexual behavior and beliefs in young men and women. This study was designed to examine associations between gender role attitudes including gender-based family role attitudes and masculinity ideology, sexual behaviors, and condom-related beliefs in a sample of sexually active college students (N = 154). Family role attitudes were related to risky condom-related beliefs but not to risky sexual behavior. Masculinity ideology was related to both sexual behaviors and condom-related beliefs but, in some cases, in a direction opposite to that predicted. These unexpected findings and the utility of examining masculinity ideology among women are discussed.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2002 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research on Adolescence, New Orleans, Louisiana. 相似文献
766.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the extent to which racial identity attitudes mediate the relationship between
gender role conflict and psychological symptoms in Men of Color. The mediating role of racial identity was tested in Study
1 with a sample of Black men and in Study 2 with a sample of Asian and Latino men. The results of Study 1 provided support
for full mediation, whereas in Study 2 evidence was found for partial mediation. The combination of the studies' findings
underscores the importance of considering the extent to which Men of Color identify with their own racial group when examining
the relationship between gender role conflict and psychological symptoms. 相似文献
767.
Barbara Krah 《Aggressive behavior》2005,31(6):537-546
Predictors of women's aggressive driving behavior were explored in a study involving 256 female motorists. Sex role orientation, dispositional aggressiveness, age, and annual mileage were measured as independent variables, and aggressive driving behavior was included as the dependent variable. Stepwise hierarchical regression analysis showed that age was negatively related to driving aggression, whereas annual mileage had a positive relationship with driving aggression. Dispositional aggressiveness was a significant predictor of driving aggression. Of the two components of sex role orientation, only femininity was associated with driving aggression, with higher femininity scores predicting lower aggressive driving scores. Masculinity failed to predict aggressive driving, as did the interaction of masculinity and femininity. In combination, the predictors explained 29% of the variance in women's aggressive driving. The results are discussed with respect to the role of dispositional variables as predictors of driving aggression in women. Aggress. Behav. 00:1–10, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
768.
Joyce Ellen Kennedy 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2005,3(2-4):143-158
Ethical dilemmas are often not discussed in the dissemination of educational research. While the ethical guidelines for research
seem clear at first glance, a closer look at the intimate nature of qualitative research reveals that there are many ambiguities
or ‘grey’ areas where researchers must rely on their personal value systems. This article discusses the challenges faced by
an experienced educator, although novice researcher, in considering the ethical parameters of her own research with adolescents
with hearing loss. In particular, the grey ethical areas identified by the researcher include: (a) vulnerable population;
(b) researcher role confusion; (c) consent; (d) privacy, confidentiality, and anonymity; as well as (e) the nature of risk.
Based on the author’s own reflections on beginning the research process, the article presents possible pitfalls and ways of
overcoming the possibility of becoming immobilized by the ethical enigmas of research. 相似文献
769.
Three studies were designed to investigate the interrelationships among coping styles, gender roles, and level of depression for early adolescents. Girls displayed more depression than boys, and more highly depressed girls demonstrated coping patterns similar to those of depressed adolescent and adult women. Individuals who identified with the feminine gender role showed increases in depression with age. Participants' implicit beliefs about what constituted appropriate coping behavior were also linked to gender. Both genders believed that men should not ruminate but that they should distract themselves from problems. The implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
770.
Using data from the British Household Panel Survey, this short-term longitudinal study examined relationships between early- and mid-adolescents' gender role attitudes and the attitudes of their parents. Between 1994 and 1997, 602 families answered questions about the roles of husbands and wives, and whether or not having a working mother is harmful to families. Results confirmed that the gender differences that have been found consistently in the literature regarding adults extend back into early adolescence. Adolescent girls' attitudes were markedly more nontraditional than all other family members. However, results only partially supported our hypotheses regarding family influence on attitudes. In particular, we found little evidence that adolescent attitudes would more closely resemble those of the same-gender parent. Analysis of individual questions supports arguments that gender roles are complex and socially determined, and that British men of both adult and adolescent generations have begun in principle to accept nontraditional roles for wives but are less willing to support any erosion of male power in the family. 相似文献