心理神经免疫学的研究及其思路问题

回顾并分析了心理神经免疫学的研究历史和发展,指出要深入揭示行为、精神活动是如何转化为影响健康的生理状态的奥秘,需要新的研究思路并讨论了新的研究路线     

Immunity and health after bereavement in relation to coping

Coping was examined as an intervening variable between the stressor of bereavement and its effects on subjective health and immunity in thirty-nine recently bereaved Norwegian women. Coping was defined as: "positive response outcome expectancies". Data were collected approximately one month after the death of the husband, and twelve months thereafter. Data collected were: expected coping success (self-scoring), subjective health (UHI), anxiety and depression (GWB), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) with components (C3, C4). Statistics were: frequencies, paired t -test, ANOVA, and MANOVA. Permissions and confidentiality were in accordance with the Helsinki-declaration. Coping was found to be related strongly to health and to health changes. Few relations were found between immunity and health. Coping, health, and anxiety and depression formed a triangle of interrelations. It was concluded that coping defined as "positive response outcome expectancies" may be a predictor of the adaptational outcome after a crisis.     

正负性情绪的神经内分泌和免疫反应研究进展

本文回顾了正性和负性情绪对人体神经内分泌和免疫功能的作用以及有关的影响因素。研究显示正性和负性情绪会造成不同的神经内分泌和免疫功能变化,个体的人格特征和遗传因素都与这些变化相关,而正性情绪可以明显消除负性情绪的作用。     

心理神经免疫学研究

心理神经免疫学（Psychoneuroimmunology）是一门探索人类心身健康奥秘的新型边缘学科。它研究神经系统如何将心理因素转换为可以影响健康的生理状态的机制,特别是脑和行为如何影响免疫系统,又如何受到免疫系统的影响的。免疫系统和神经系统之间是否真正存在联系一直有争论,我们实验室围绕高级神经活动对免疫系统的作用开展了研究。工作包括：条件反射性免疫抑制和增强、情绪应激与免疫、心理行为干预与癌症等。这些工作不仅证实了心理调控,比如信号刺激、情绪和意念想象等,确实可以影响免疫系统的功能,而且对有关机制进行了探讨     

论肿瘤免疫的复杂性

免疫系统是一个复杂自适应巨系统,它还具有开放复杂巨系统的所有特征。体内已建立的肿瘤是一个复杂适应系统,两者间的相互作用造就了肿瘤免疫的复杂性。本文从复杂性科学角度阐释肿瘤免疫,以期对肿瘤细胞免疫治疗的研究有所裨益。     

Fetal Programming: Prenatal Origins of Health and Illness

ABSTRACT— Research on young animals and humans has demonstrated the critical importance of the fetal stage as a formative period in normal development. However, the significance of these findings has not always been incorporated into our thinking when trying to elucidate the origins of health and disease. It is not only that babies react to the state of the mother and to salient environmental events while still in the uterus. This stimulation and priming seems to be essential for guiding the optimal maturation of the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Experiences during prenatal life also program the regulatory set points that will govern physiology in adulthood. During this malleable maturational phase, these biological processes should be viewed as flexible "learning systems" that guide the developmental trajectory toward health or derail it toward pathology. Our studies on infant primates have shown that the competence of their immune responses and the structure and activity of certain brain regions, as well as many aspects of behavior and emotional reactivity, are strongly affected by the pregnancy conditions of their mothers.     

脂肪干细胞复合脂肪颗粒促血管化的实验研究

本研究探讨脂肪干细胞复合脂肪颗粒对裸鼠皮下血管化的影响。将12只裸鼠身上标记三个点,将三组试剂分别注射,分析结果如下：肉眼观察：取材时,裸鼠背部注射部皮下有一团状组织块,脂肪组织形状不规则,大小不一。微血管密度：A组明显高于B组、C组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;B组明显高于c组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。存活率比较：A组明显高于B组、C组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;B组明显高于C组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。脂肪颗粒作为生物支架可加速脂肪干细胞的促血管化作用,从而促进移植物的存活与生长。     

伦理豁免刍议

伦理豁免,是在一定的伦理尤其是亲属关系(一定程度上包括朋友关系)中,在究竟是履行伦理的义务、还是履行法律的义务之间,人们陷入紧张冲突甚至两难的情况下,被法律赋予一定的特殊权利,得依法免除法定的义务、责任甚至罪责。中华伦理、中华法系以伦理豁免来解决伦理、法律的矛盾,有宝贵的理论和实践;其中蕴涵的基本价值是,通过维护伦理,从根本上维护社会秩序。伦理豁免对今天解决伦理、法律之两难,仍是宝贵的智慧。     

急性心理应激对不同人格类型大学生TNF-α和IL-6的影响

以56名大学生为研究对象,用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）进行测试,用公共演讲作为应激源,用放射免疫法测定血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）的含量,旨在探讨急性心理应激对不同人格类型大学生免疫功能的影响。实验结果发现：与对照组相比,急性心理应激后内向组和情绪稳定组TNF-α的明显升高,其余变化均不显著。这说明急性心理应激引起内向、情绪稳定的个体自然免疫增强的现象较明显,而对外向、情绪不稳定个体的作用不明显。     

Representations of Complexity: How Nature Appears in Our Theories

In science we study processes in the material world. The way these processes operate can be discovered by conducting experiments that activate them, and findings from such experiments can lead to functional complexity theories of how the material processes work. The results of a good functional theory will agree with experimental measurements, but the theory may not incorporate in its algorithmic workings a representation of the material processes themselves. Nevertheless, the algorithmic operation of a good functional theory may be said to make contact with material reality by incorporating the emergent computations the material processes carry out. These points are illustrated in the experimental analysis of behavior by considering an evolutionary theory of behavior dynamics, the algorithmic operation of which does not correspond to material features of the physical world, but the functional output of which agrees quantitatively and qualitatively with findings from a large body of research with live organisms.