2型糖尿病与骨代谢标志物相关性分析

探讨骨代谢标志物与2型糖尿病的相关性。收集2型糖尿病患者50例为糖尿病（T2DM ）组,非糖尿病患者17例为对照组,检测所有研究对象的血清骨代谢标志物、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。与对照组相比,T2DM 组血清25-羟维生素D3（25-OH VitD3）、骨钙素（BGP）、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽（TPINP）水平明显下降,β胶原特殊序列（β-CTx）水平升高;血清25-OH VitD3与 HbA1c呈负相关,BGP与 FBG呈负相关,TPINP与 FBG和 HbA1c呈负相关,β-CTx与FBG、HbA1c呈正相关。提示2型糖尿病与骨代谢标志物存在一定的相关性。     

治疗感染性骨不连伴大段骨缺损的探讨与思考

感染性骨不连伴大段骨缺损是目前临床骨科较为常见、多发、治疗极为棘手的病种之一,治疗方法多种多样,但疗效却不理想,且缺乏统一的诊治与疗效判断标准,总结、分析几种临床上主要治疗方法的利弊,为该病探寻一条微创、安全、并发症少及疗效确切的可靠治疗方法.随着对Ilizarov技术的基础与临床研究的不断深入,该技术在治疗传统方法难以治愈的疾病如四肢关节严重畸形、感染性骨不连或伴有骨缺损、皮肤软组织缺损等方面显示出自身的优势,为治疗疑难骨科疾病开辟了一条新的有效途径.     

Confronting Deep Moral Disagreement: The President's Council on Bioethics,Moral Status,and Human Embryos

The report of the President's Council on Bioethics, Human Cloning and Human Dignity, addresses the central ethical, political, and policy issue in human embryonic stem cell research: the moral status of extracorporeal human embryos. The Council members were in sharp disagreement on this issue and essentially failed to adequately engage and respectfully acknowledge each others' deepest moral concerns, despite their stated commitment to do so. This essay provides a detailed critique of the two extreme views on the Council (i.e., embryos have full moral status or they have none at all) and then gives theoretical grounding for our judgment about the intermediate moral status of embryos. It also supplies an account of how to address profound moral disagreements in the public arena, especially by way of constructing a middle ground that deliberately pays sincere respect to the views of those with whom it has deep disagreements.     

Community-based Research and Technoscience Activism: A Report on the Living Knowledge 3 Conference

New medical imaging technologies enable the production of photos of human cells that are magnified to make them visible to the eye. Such cellular images have gained aesthetic as well as dramatic appeal, as they have moved out of the laboratories and become available for the public. At this stage, they are refashioned to reveal matters more clearly and pedagogically. Organic matter that might be confusing to the audience is removed and colours added to distinguish various aspects—but despite such manipulations, the result appears as images of real human cells, making them different from drawings and models. One example of this is the website of a Norwegian governmental organization for information on biotechnology and bioethics which displays images of egg and sperm cells related to techniques of assisted reproduction. These images represent cells as autonomous and independent of human gendered bodies. The process whereby cells culturally become detached and disassociated from human bodies is here referred to as a process of entification whereby the cells reappear as detachable, usable entities.     

肿瘤干细胞研究的进展及启示

肿瘤干细胞理论认为,肿瘤增长是由肿瘤中具有干细胞特性的细胞分裂增殖引起的。针对性地抑制肿瘤干细胞的增殖,能显著提高肿瘤治愈率。本文用哲学的观点对肿瘤干细胞假说的提出、验证、临床应用进行分析,对于深入认识肿瘤干细胞的本质、探索其分离方法、发现抑制其增殖的有效手段将起到积极作用。     

长柄假体置换治疗高龄粉碎性粗隆间骨折的随访研究

为了探讨长柄假体置换治疗高龄粉碎性粗隆间骨折的短期疗效,我们对31例符合要求的研究对象进行了平均22个月的随访,指标包括Charnley及Harris评分以及X-ray平片,结果最近一次X—ray观察3例出现异位骨化,无一例假体松动,Charnley分级Ⅳ级及以上90．0％,Harris评分优良率88．3％,因此长柄假体置换是治疗高龄粉碎性粗隆间骨折的理想选择之一。     

“三腿一平台”组成的“基因打靶”——评介2007年度诺贝尔医学奖

2007年度诺贝尔医学奖项目——基因打靶,由三腿和一个平台所构成。三条腿分别是转基因学、同源重组和胚胎干细胞,一个平台指的是基因敲除。除了评价这些组成部分以外,还对推迟评奖进行了质疑。     

中枢肥大细胞在脑功能和行为调节中的作用

已知肥大细胞作为免疫细胞在过敏反应和炎性疾病中发挥重要作用。肥大细胞在中枢亦有表达, 但对其作用了解不足。新近的研究发现中枢肥大细胞在脑功能和行为调节中发挥重要的内源性平衡作用。一方面, 中枢肥大细胞在维持相关脑区发育, 正常神经活动, 以及动机, 情绪和认知等多种行为中发挥保护性作用, 各种应激条件诱导的中枢肥大细胞表达和活动改变参与脑和行为的适应性反应过程。另一方面, 中枢肥大细胞过度激活或者过度抑制都可导致脑功能和行为异常, 并参与某些免疫相关心身疾病的病理过程。体外神经解剖学和功能学研究证据提示中枢肥大细胞与神经系统间存在结构性和功能性相互作用网络。肥大细胞和神经组织间通过形成类似突触的结构性联系直接影响相邻细胞的活动。肥大细胞还可以通过脱颗粒释放多种生物活性介质调节神经活动, 同时表达多种受体接受脑内免疫性和神经性分子调节。但是目前对于中枢肥大细胞-神经系统相互作用的认识主要基于体外研究, 其在脑内相互作用方式及其与特定脑区功能和行为表型的关系所知甚少, 开展相关研究可以为认识脑与行为的神经免疫调节机制提供新的视角。     

小儿肾脏替代疗法发展方向的思考

慢性肾功能衰竭目前主要依靠透析或肾移植替代疗法来延长生命,但二者并未彻底解决问题并且代价昂贵.体外干细胞研究的兴起,为解决慢性肾功能衰竭的治疗带来了一丝曙光,但获得成功恐怕还需要一个相当长的时间.只有契合了整体辩证统一原则的再生医学,通过在肾脏原位重建生理环境,激发机体本身潜能,使肾脏修复到自然的完美状态,才能实现与人体生命一体化的有机结合,才是小儿肾脏替代疗法中有光明前景的发展方向.