小学五年级学生汉语阅读知觉广度的眼动研究

采用"呈现随眼动变化技术"对小学五年级学生的阅读知觉广度进行了眼动研究.结果发现,(1)小学五年级学生的阅读知觉广度具有不对称性.(2)小学五年级学生的阅读知觉广度为注视点左侧一个汉字到注视点右侧两个或三个汉字的空间.     

视觉显示技术的新视角：交互显示

交互显示技术是近年人机界面显示技术中形成的一种新型显示技术。这种技术能根据用户的即时输入或操作特点改变初始界面中的显示内容或方式。交互显示技术可分为简单交互显示技术，如鱼眼技术及其应用，和智能交互显示技术，如速率耦合平滑技术，目标气泡技术等。目前的交互显示技术具有动态性、即时性和智能性等特点，但仍存在如交互方式单一，智能性不高等问题，未来研究需强调显示内容变化、交互形式的多样性及其高级智能交互技术等方面的研究。     

Measuring Functional Creativity: Non‐Expert Raters and the Creative Solution Diagnosis Scale

The Creative Solution Diagnosis Scale (CSDS) is a 30‐item scale based on a core of four criteria: Relevance & Effectiveness, Novelty, Elegance, and Genesis. The CSDS offers potential for the consensual assessment of functional product creativity. This article describes an empirical study in which non‐expert judges rated a series of mousetrap designs using the 30‐item CSDS. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a simple structure that corresponded closely to the a priori theoretical model of functional creativity, resulting in a revised 24‐item CSDS. Non‐expert judges were able to use the scale with a high degree of reliability and internal consistency. The revised CSDS paves the way for further research into the use of non‐expert judges as a possible replacement for more costly, harder‐to‐obtain experts when measuring product creativity using the Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT).     

The impact of different product formats on inaction inertia

ABSTRACT

The inaction inertia effect describes situations in which a person rejects an opportunity after having forgone a relatively superior opportunity. This study explores whether product format (hedonic vs. utilitarian) affects the inaction inertia effect. The authors build on previous findings that show comparisons of utilitarian benefits are easier than hedonic benefits, and hedonic consumption (vs. utilitarian consumption) usually generates greater pleasure. The authors propose that people show higher inaction inertia after they have missed a superior utilitarian consumption opportunity than after they have missed a superior hedonic consumption opportunity. This prediction was tested and supported in three different experiments. Moreover, the authors found that differences in comparability between products, rather than the hedonic pleasure, explain differences in inaction inertia effects. These findings contribute to the inaction inertia literature and marketing practice.     

Performance Benefits of Spatially Distributed Versus Stacked Information on Integration Tasks

Understanding the best way to present information has been an issue of interest to many researchers. Regardless of the content of the information, purely physical elements such as spatial organization may also influence performance. Across two studies with 111 undergraduates (78 in Study 1 and 33 in Study 2), we compared spatially distributed (i.e. when information sources are presented side‐by‐side) against stacked displays (i.e. when information sources are sitting on top of one another with only the top source fully visible). A distributed display time advantage was consistently observed. As potential explanations, a memory strategy selection hypothesis was examined along with other procedural alternative explanations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中文阅读中的认知滞后效应

该研究应用EyelinkⅡ眼动仪,采用眼动随动显示技术操纵注视点左侧文本被掩蔽词汇的范围,考察中文阅读过程中词汇加工的认知滞后效应。结果发现:掩蔽词n以左的文本可严重影响被试的总阅读时间;掩蔽词n-1以左文本则不影响被试的总阅读时间。结果表明,相对于注视位置,中文阅读的认知过程存在明显的滞后效应。     

潜变量交互效应结构方程：分布分析方法

对于潜变量交互效应结构方程分析,目前应用较多的是乘积指标方法.分布分析方法国内还罕有应用,包括潜调节结构方程（LMS）方法和准极大似然（QML）方法.该研究以乘积指标方法的模型假设为参照,介绍了分布分析方法的模型假设.并简要叙述了LMS方法及其Mplus程序,QML方法及其QML程序.综合现有研究结果,总结出LMS和QML方法、无约束和约束方法的特点,从中可以看出各方法的优缺点,推荐了不同条件下合适的分析方法.     

不同风险态度大学生职业决策的线索偏好及信息搜索特点

探讨不同风险态度的大学生在职业决策中的线索偏好及信息搜索特点。以大学生为被试,以Weber的风险态度问卷为工具,筛选出风险寻求大学生26名,风险规避大学生23名,采用信息板技术进行模拟职业决策研究。结果发现：（1）风险寻求和风险规避大学生在职业决策中点击次数最多的职业属性均依次是工资、发展空间和兴趣;（2）在信息板的点击次数上,风险寻求被试比风险规避被试更多;在搜索模式上,风险寻求组被试和风险规避组的得分均为正值,但风险寻求组被试的得分显著高于风险规避组。因此,大学生职业决策中偏好的线索主要是工资、发展空间和兴趣;风险寻求者的信息搜索模式与风险规避者不同,风险寻求者更倾向于以选项为基础的搜索模式。     

你能看见我的努力吗：社会地位感知对消费者繁简偏好的影响

文章通过5个实验(包括1个预注册实验)探讨了个体感知到的相对社会地位如何影响消费者对产品繁简设计的偏好。实验1和2发现处于相对低社会地位的个体会偏好设计繁复的产品。实验3和4探究了该效应的中介机制, 即繁复设计的产品可以传递出努力线索, 而相对低社会地位个体因为重视努力进而偏好繁复设计产品。实验5通过调节变量的方式进一步验证上述机制, 发现社会地位对繁简偏好的影响只存在于那些重视努力价值的个体身上。文章推进了消费者审美偏好, 主观社会地位和消费者努力等方向的研究进展。     

Feeling Global,Acting Ethically: Global Identification and Fairtrade Consumption

Global identification has become a popular construct in recent psychological debate as it relates to harmonious intergroup relations and a caring for all humanity. Based on social identity theorizing, the current research tests whether global identification can also predict consumer choices, at the expense of lower personal benefit. Importantly, we assumed that concerns about global injustice represent a crucial component of that relation. We predicted that participants who identified strongly with all humanity would rather choose a Fairtrade product alternative over a conventional one, compared with low identifiers. In addition, we assumed that this effect be mediated by perceived global injustice. Both predictions were confirmed in a consumer choice study (N = 68). Overall, global identification and globally relevant consumer behavior seem meaningfully interconnected, and we discuss these findings with regard to recent theoretical developments in Fairtrade consumption research.