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911.
Burleigh Wilkins 《The Journal of Ethics》2002,6(2):145-155
I question the adequacy of Margaret Gilbert's account of collectivefeelings of guilt as collective judgments which do not necessarilyhave any phenomenological components. I question whether joint commitment theory in its present form helps us to understand orresolve social conflicts. 相似文献
912.
Burleigh Wilkins 《The Journal of Ethics》2002,6(4):373-382
This paper argues that the EuropeanCourt of Human Rights couldserve as a model for an international court ofhuman rights to be builtupon the United Nations Committee on HumanRights. It argues that theconcerns states might have over the surrenderof a significant portion oftheir national sovereignity might be lessenedif such an internationalcourt were to incorporate the margin ofappreciation doctrine employed bythe European Court of Human Rights. Thisdoctrine is intended to respectthe customs and traditions of sovereign statesin dealing with humanrights issues, while maintaining that somerights such as the right not tobe tortured will be considered as basic andwill stand independently ofthe customs and traditions of sovereignstates. 相似文献
913.
当代情绪发展理论述评 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
本文从情绪的定义、情绪发展的实质、情绪在个体发展中的作用等方面,评述了当代比较有影响的情绪发展理论不同的情绪发展观。这些情绪发展理论有生物观点、机能主义观点、认知观点、组织观点和社会文化观点。 相似文献
914.
科技伦理:在真与善之间 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
科技与伦理在实践中的内在关联,使科技伦理问题成为现代科技实践的重要方面。其中,科学活动的违规和失范现象,科技运行中的公正与效率问题,科技时代的生命安顿与伦理精神的创新,是当前在真与善之间特别为人们关注的问题。 相似文献
915.
Karen M. Schmidt Patricia Lee Llewellyn Gloria J. Taylor Phyllis G. Weber Barry Hong Robert Sellers Cherry Wise Colleen Wolak Lin McGaw Susan Nielson 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2003,10(3):173-185
Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and background questionnaire data were collected from a sample of men and women organ donation advocates (N = 362) as part of a national study to investigate their personality characteristics, temperaments, and attitudes about organ donation advocacy. Goals included identifying unique traits for advocates, and response consistency between the TCI and questionnaire. The TCI results included high scores on Cooperativeness and Self-Directedness, and low on Harm Avoidance dimensions. The questionnaire results indicated that most advocates were White, married, college-educated females, who typically spent less than 2 hr with potential donor families, were satisfied with life and job, and believed they would be in a donation position 2 years from the time surveyed. TCI and questionnaire measures were correlated for Self-Transcendence and Spirituality, Helpfulness and Job Satisfaction, and Compassion and Identification variables. 相似文献
916.
Two influential approaches to conceptualising the relationship between public and private law have suggested that the distinction
between them should be abandoned. The first, as exemplified by Oliver, suggests that the distinction should be abandoned in
favour of fusion based on the notion of commonality. The second, as exemplified by Teubner, rejects fusion, arguing for the
replacement of the distinction with a concept capturing the multi-dimensional complexity of law in multiple social contexts:
`polycontexturality'. This article focuses primarily on exploring conceptual puzzles presented by Oliver's `commonality thesis',
and argues for a reconceptualisation of the relationship between public and private law as multi-layered. Monolithic and rigidly
binary concepts alike should be replaced by a complex set of relationships – a position broadly supportive of Teubner's. However,
it is argued that the relationships between public and private law are to be seen as existing on a spectrum, or even on an
overarching meta-spectrum, in which the existence of distinctive `archetypal conceptual paradigms' influence as `meta-spectrum
extremities'. This presents a limited caveat to Teubner's thesis. I suggest that explicit theoretical attention to both the
implications of polycontexturality and the existence of the archetypal conceptual paradigms as meta-spectrum extremities might
avoid occluding important distinctions and nuances within a fusion that tends illegitimately to subsume private law within
a public law paradigm. Such an analysis, I argue, could enhance the coherence of the law in complex, multi-dimensional cases
at the troubled borderline between public and private law.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
917.
Risk perception and risky choice: Situational, informational and dispositional effects 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We investigated how situational (gain–loss), informational (opportunity–threat framing) and dispositional (achievement motive and avoidance motive) variables affected opportunity–threat perception and risky choice in managerial decision-making contexts. In Study 1, the risk preference of the participants showed a reflection effect due to situational differences (gain or loss) and a partial framing effect caused by presenting the same choice information in terms of either opportunities or threats. However, both effects were in the opposite direction of predictions from prospect theory. Gains and positive framing enhanced risk-seeking preference whereas losses and negative framing augmented risk-averse preference. Risk-seeking choices were mediated by opportunity perception whereas risk-averse choices were mediated by threat perception. In Study 2, the participants high in achievement motive perceived greater opportunities in a negative situation, and the participants high in avoidance motive perceived greater threats in a positive situation, suggesting that ambition (achievement motive) operates more significantly in the face of adversities whereas cautiousness (avoidance motive) functions more significantly in prosperity. 相似文献
918.
Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2003,6(4):349-376
Real-self accounts of moral responsibility distinguish between various types of motivational elements. They claim that an agent is responsible for acts suitably related to elements that constitute the agent's real self. While such accounts have certain advantages from a compatibilist perspective, they are problematic in various ways. First, in it, authority and authenticity conceptions of the real self are often inadequately distinguished. Both of these conceptions inform discourse on identification, but only the former is relevant to moral responsibility. Second, authority and authenticity real-self theories are unable to accommodate cases in which the agent neither identifies nor disidentifies with his action and yet seems morally responsible for what he does. Third, authority and authenticity real-self theories are vulnerable to counterexamples in which the provenance of the agent's real self undermines responsibility. 相似文献
919.
920.
快速节俭启发式--基于有限理性和生态理性的简单决策规则 总被引:12,自引:5,他引:7
本文阐述了德国“马克斯.普朗克人类发展研究所”以Gerd Gigerenzer教授为代表的“适应行为与认知中心”简称“ABC研究中心(组)”关于判断、推理和决策制定简单启发式研究的理论背景、研究思路和技术路线,着重介绍了该研究中心在有限理性和生态理性假设基础上提出的一系列极富创意的快速节俭启发式规则,并对围绕这些简单决策规则开展的研究活动作了简要介绍。 相似文献