颜色词的语用关系影响颜色认知

在汉语中, 红、紫、蓝、绿都有各自的语言标签。但在日常语用中, “红”与“紫”比“蓝”与“绿”的语用关系更加密切。“红”与“紫”具有更多的联合表达, 具有更为类似的颜色感应。采用颜色相似性判断、颜色分类和颜色再认任务, 考察汉语母语者对“红–紫”色块和“蓝–绿”色块的认知, 探讨语用关系对颜色认知的影响。结果表明, 语用关系不影响汉语母语者的颜色相似性判断, 却影响颜色分类和颜色再认。与“蓝–绿”色块比, 汉语母语者在包含记忆成分任务中对“红–紫”色块具有认知劣势。整个研究表明, 由语用关系引起的颜色感应在颜色认知中起着重要调节作用, 记忆编码在此过程中起着直接作用。     

不同熟练度双语者的颜色范畴知觉效应：来自行为和ERP的证据

为研究语言对知觉的影响作用, 行为实验采用视觉搜索范式研究蒙汉双语者的颜色范畴知觉效应; 为进一步考察语言影响知觉的脑机制, 脑电实验采用Oddball范式研究蒙汉双语者的颜色范畴知觉效应。行为实验和脑电研究结果都发现, 在区分蒙古语中qinker和huhe色时, 低汉语水平的蒙汉双语者比高汉语水平者产生更强的颜色范畴效应, 蒙汉双语者的汉语水平影响颜色范畴知觉, 双语者所习得的第二语言范畴可以改变双语者母语的范畴, 语言能影响知觉的前注意阶段, 本研究支持了Spair-Whorf假设。     

Letters to the Editor

No abstract available for this article.     

IFPS 1960–1985: A new home for international and German psychoanalysis?

Abstract

The International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) was established in 1962. The first 20 years of the Federation were a time when psychoanalysis was divided into so-called liberal and orthodox factions. The (then orthodox) International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA) did not admit all psychoanalytic societies, and some societies did not want to join it. In the IFPS, non-IPA-psychoanalysts from Europe, the USA, and South and Middle America came together to discuss their new approaches to psychoanalysis and to find ways to better cope with their patients’ problems. At the beginning an informal organization of autonomous societies, the IFPS persisted for 12 years without a charter. The first three secretary generals came from the German Psychoanalytical Society and greatly influenced the first few years of the IFPS. The IFPS held several international conferences, and new psychoanalytic societies became members. In 1977, after the VIth Forum in Berlin, the IFPS fell into an identity crisis. The conflicts centered on the assumption of responsibility, the authority of the members, and how to understand the aim and sense of the organization. This article deals with the theoretical background of the early IFPS and the development of its self-concept.