“基因编辑婴儿”事件的工具理性批判

工具理性在利用技术手段达到技术目的的过程中创造了支撑现代社会的技术和物质。但工具理性也因过度重视技术和“去情感化”、“对象化”等特征忽视人的价值意义。在众多被工具理性主义渗透、强力冲击的领域中,使用基因编辑技术对人类胚胎细胞按照既定目标进行编辑就是被工具理性控制的例子。将人类胚胎视为研究对象,崇拜唯技术论、机械思维主导、道德情感缺场,展现社会责任虚化,导致社会信任危机。把作为主体的人客体化为试验对象进行基因人为修改试验,违背法律规定,挑战伦理界限,是未能有效引导工具理性导致的技术事故。     

叙事医学在遗传代谢病门诊的实践路径

通过阐释遗传代谢病门诊医患沟通中患儿家长在生理、心理和社会层面的不同需求,将叙事医学融入日常的诊疗活动中,提出叙事医学在遗传代谢病门诊的实践路径：医生通过倾听实现关注,再现患儿母亲的疾病体验,反思自我医疗行为,共享诊疗信息,建立互信关系,让医学人文渗透到遗传代谢病的临床决策中,让医患之间达成一种平等的伙伴关系,最终提升临床决策质量。另外,还需要进一步通过细读提高叙事意识,建立符合科室实际的患儿家长叙事服务中心等做法,在实践中强化叙事技能,提升医生的叙事医学素养。

     

医院门诊计算机就医流程中的人文思考

医院门诊就医流程是门诊服务和管理的基础,应用现代网络技术是将传统的就医模式转变为以人为本模式的重要技术手段.介绍了医院在"军字一号"上自行设计的,涵括门诊挂号排队系统、门诊预交金卡系统、门诊药房后台摆药系统、门诊检验条形码系统、门诊医学影像传输系统的"直通式"就医流程.就门诊新就医流程中医患互动、人-机-人对话和门诊病人知情权等可能出现的状况加以人文思考.     

下腰痛诊治过程中的临床思考

下腰痛是常见疾病,其病因复杂,治疗方法虽多,但并无特效疗法。因此,下腰痛的诊治比较棘手。本文回顾性分析2002年4月至2008年12月因下腰痛住院的936例患者的诊治过程,探讨如何在科学的临床思维指导下,综合运用各种诊断和治疗的方法,提高下腰痛的诊治水平。     

临床隐私保护的案例分析

通过明确医疗活动中病人隐私权的涵义,结合案例,分析新形势下医疗活动中医院、医务人员应如何保护病人的隐私,防止病人隐私权受到侵犯。     

Using Baby Books to Increase New Mothers' Self‐Efficacy and Improve Toddler Language Development

Maternal self‐efficacy (MSE) has been shown to be important, yet little is known about how it develops over time and whether increasing knowledge about child development and parenting results in feeling more efficacious, especially for first‐time mothers. Furthermore, research is lacking about whether increased maternal self‐efficacy results in better child outcomes such as more receptive and expressive language. Using a randomized three‐group design, this study explores whether educational books, embedded with information about typical child development and optimal parenting, increase MSE for women over the first year and a half of motherhood and whether these increases result in better language skills for children at 18 months of age. Hierarchical linear model analyses show that MSE starts high and remains high and that providing educational books further increases the development of MSE. Increases in MSE have a positive impact on children's language skills, as does providing books, irrespective of educational content. These findings support the importance of MSE and demonstrate an inexpensive way to increase MSE and improve child outcomes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chapter 6. Greater Satisfaction with Post-Injury Male Gender Roles

ABSTRACT

Shaken Baby Syndrome is a serious form of child abuse, involving infants under the age of six months. Deliberately shaking an infant is often associated with frustration or anger, particularly when an infant will not stop crying. The shaking results in numerous initial and long-term consequences for the developing infant. In its most severe form Shaken Baby Syndrome results in the death of the infant. A case study detailing the clinical findings and treatment of a six-month-old infant with Shaken Baby Syndrome who received inpatient occupational therapy services is presented.     

Psychological factors in hiv testing among sexually transmitted disease clinic patients: An exploratory study

Abstract

Substantial numbers of persons at risk for HIV infection do not seek HIV testing and factors influencing testing decisions are not well understood. To identify psychological characteristics of persons who remain unwilling to receive HIV testing, we surveyed patients of an inner-city sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic (n = 181). Participants completed an anonymous survey and were grouped on the basis of HIV testing history and compared on measures of testing perceptions, attitudes, and decision making influences. Results showed that untested participants feared testing and had a sense of not knowing if they needed to be tested. In contrast, participants who were getting tested believed that testing would help them feel better about their health. Results also showed that participants lacked accurate information about some HIV testing procedures. We conclude that identifying concerns which inhibit seeking HIV testing can be useful in developing effective methods of promoting HIV testing.     

The Loneliness of the Therapist in the Public Outpatient Clinic

The therapist's work in a public outpatient clinic is a unique combination as an individual and as a team member. Although the therapist may enjoy working within a team framework, sharing common goals and providing support and supervision, when he feels this environment failing to help or becoming critical, he may begin to experience loneliness. Individual psychotherapy occasionally evinces feelings of loneliness. The therapist has to contend with his patient's powerful feelings and try to contain them. We examined issues of loneliness, teamwork, and burnout during open meetings with the staff of three outpatient clinics. In addition, 50 questionnaires were sent to the therapists. Thirty-one were answered anonymously. Most of the therapists (80%) reported interest and enjoyment in their work with only 15% reporting tension and feelings of burnout. In the Pearson statistic correlation, there was a significant relationship between satisfaction at work and the lack of loneliness (p < 0.01). There was an inverse statistical correlation between satisfaction and burnout (p < 0.01) and a connection between staff meetings and not feeling lonely (p < 0.05). We found that the therapist in the outpatient clinic does not feel lonely. The staff meetings and consultations support him as a team member. A disparity was found between feelings felt at the open meetings and those in the questionnaires. Although the therapist is satisfied with his work, problems of overload and the danger of burnout are always present. It should be noted that clinic administrators should pay close attention to the entire picture.     

The infant with a depressed mother: destruction and creation

From the hypothesis that vitality and creativity in the individual depend on the quality of the dialogue between the ego and the unconcious, the author seeks to show from observations of infant-parent interactions how this dialogue develops. The notion of the experience of the self helps us to describe the way in which mother and baby act upon each other like living mirrors, each reflecting for the other an image of the self. Maternal care, as long as it is disengaged from the sexual excitation, both erotic and aggressive, with which it is charged for each of the partners in the interaction, allows the self to be projected on to the infant's body; the ego–self dialogue then develops its roots in the bodily experience of the infant as it interacts with the world. Post-natal depression, which is frequent, affecting 15–20% of births, is a cause of major distortion in the establishment of the ego–self dialogue. An account of a clinical observation helps us to understand the process as it occurs