缺位与越位的思考——医疗保健体制改革的定位

政府的缺位和医院的越位是目前医疗体制改革的症结所在。政府将医院推向市场,意味着政府放弃医疗的社会保障职能。医院失去政府的约束和支持,逐利将成为其必然行为。平价医院只是缓和矛盾的一时之计,只要医院不退出市场,看病难、看病贵就难有灵丹妙药,医患关系也将难以和谐。     

对医疗纠纷问题的探讨——62例医疗纠纷临床分析

通过62例医疗纠纷的分析,证明医生的诊断和治疗是引发医疗纠纷的重要原因。经营医院的观念,对医疗纠纷的产生起到了一定的催化作用。为此,医疗纠纷的防范不仅要加强和完善制度的落实,更要加强医护人员的业务学习,提高医护人员的敬业精神,使之与社会的发展、人民的需求相适应,更要处理好政府、医院、患者之间的关系。     

提倡“理性医疗”

“理性医疗”是对疾病进行科学、客观地综合分析,由此筛选出一个理性的处置方案的医疗过程。“理性医疗”不但有利于社会,有利于医患双方,更符合自然科学的规律,同时,对传统的伦理学观念也是一种补充与完善。“理性医疗”的实现需要医患双方的共同协作。     

A New Unified Treatment Approach for Emotional Disorders Based on Emotion Science

ABSTRACT— Research on the nature of emotional disorders points toward a common set of diatheses (underlying psychological vulnerabilities) and functionally (but not superficially) similar expression of pathological emotional responding (e.g., Barlow, 2002 ). Successful drug treatments for different emotional disorders are very similar, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or related compounds in wide use. Successful psychological treatments, on the other hand, are currently specifically targeted to each individual disorder. Distilling common principles among existing empirically supported psychological treatments, and giving attention to new findings on emotion regulation and dysregulation from emotion science, we propose and describe a new unified psychological treatment for emotional disorders.     

Psychometric Properties and Clinical Utility of the School Refusal Assessment Scale in a Multiethnic Sample

Kearney and Silverman (1993) developed the School Refusal Assessment Scale (SRAS) to assess the function of and to prescribe treatment for school refusal behavior. The present investigation examined the psychometric properties and clinical utility of the SRAS in a multiethnic sample. Participants were 30 children and their mothers who were identified as school refusers after an initial screening. Results indicated that scales measuring negatively reinforced school refusal were intercorrelated, whereas scales measuring positively reinforced school refusal were not. Concurrent validity of dimensional and categorical scoring algorithms was examined. Although parent–child agreement was relatively low, validity analyses suggested that each reporter contributed important information. Clinical implications and areas for future research were discussed.     

The Straw Thing of Fallacy Theory: The Standard Definition of 'Fallacy'

Hamblin held that the conception of 'fallacy' as an argument that seems valid but is not really so was the dominant conception of fallacy in the history of fallacy studies. The present paper explores the extent of support that there is for this view. After presenting a brief analysis of 'the standard definition of fallacy,' a number of the definitions of 'fallacy' in texts from the middle of this century – from the standard treatment – are considered. This is followed by a review of the definitions of 'fallacy' in the earlier history of logic books, including those of Aristotle, Whately, Mill and De Morgan. The essay concludes that there is scarcely any support for Hamblin's view that this particular definition of 'fallacy' was widely held.     

Profile Characteristics and Behavioral Change Trajectories of Young Residential Children

We aimed to identify profile characteristics for a recent sample of young residential children, examine the differential impact that profile characteristics have on behavior change, and describe the relationship between behavioral symptomatology and length of stay in residential treatment. A sample of 142 consecutively admitted residential treatment children were studied over a five-year period. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was the primary statistical method used to analyze behavioral rating data for a subset of 57 children assessed by teachers and treatment staff using the Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders. Younger age, female gender, and lower IQ were associated with increased levels of psychopathology. Residential length of stay was strongly linked to levels of behavioral symptomatology. HLM is a valuable analytic strategy that employs client profile characteristics to model behavioral change trajectories and help predict treatment responsiveness. System reform philosophies that promote expectations for rapid symptom improvement and removal of residential treatment from the continuum of care may exceed current treatment capacities.     

Policy Discourses on Mosques in the Netherlands 1980–2002: Contested Constructions

The establishment of mosques is an incentive for public discussions on Islam and the presence of Muslims in Western European societies. This article critically reconstructs Public Policy discourses on mosque establishment in the Dutch city of Rotterdam. It shows how urban-planning discourses, and their specific frames, which came to dominate mosque establishment as a policy issue in Rotterdam from the 1980s onwards, created their own set of meanings. The article analyses these discourses in terms of their enabling and constraining roles during a period in which local authorities became more involved in the improvement and placement of new mosques in the Rotterdam area. On the one hand, the urban renewal framework allowed for a substantial improvement in the housing of Islamic religious and cultural practice. On the other hand, urban planning policy discursive practices gave less attention to issues such as visibility and presence that are now at the heart of the heated debates about Muslim populations in Dutch society. More recent discussions on the aesthetics and location of mosques in Rotterdam illustrate how these dominant discourses are not only contestable but are also being contested from all quarters.     

妇科内分泌疾病诊疗的从优选择

妇科内分泌疾病是常见病,包括功能失调性子宫出血、痛经、闭经及多囊卵巢综合征,等等.优化诊疗措施,即依据这些患者的具体情况有选择地应用药物及其它处理方法.文章对该类疾病诊疗的基本内容和措施进行了理性的分析.