Family Socioeconomic Status and Social Media Addiction in Female College Students: The Mediating Role of Impulsiveness and Inhibitory Control

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that low family socioeconomic status (SES) not only is a social issue, but also is a precursor to addiction to social media and other technologies. The authors investigated the relationship between family SES, stress, impulsiveness and inhibitory control, and social media addiction among Chinese female college students. The findings revealed that in lower-SES families, increased social media addiction was associated with reduced inhibitory control and increased stress and impulsiveness. A structural equation model was used to examine the mediation model hypothesis, and the results confirmed the mediating role of no-planning impulsiveness and inhibitory control between family educational level and social media addiction among Chinese female college students. These findings demonstrate the importance of reducing impulsiveness and improving inhibitory control for preventing social media addiction in female college students of low SES. Future studies are required to confirm precursors to social media addiction, elucidate causal mechanisms, and support the explanatory model of social media addiction.     

大学生安全感对手机成瘾的影响:回避现实社交的中介作用

为有效预防和干预大学生的手机成瘾，本研究在失补偿假说的视角下探讨了安全感与手机依赖的关系，并检验现实社交回避在手机成瘾者和一般手机使用者中的中介作用。对420名在校大学生进行安全感量表、社交回避与苦恼量表、手机成瘾指数量表调查，结果发现此次调查中49.8%的大学生被界定为手机成瘾者，手机成瘾者的安全感显著低于一般手机使用者。手机成瘾者和一般手机使用者的安全感都显著负向预测手机依赖；但回避现实社交的中介效应只在手机成瘾者的安全感与手机依赖中显著，在一般手机使用者中不显著。本研究揭示了回避现实社交在手机成瘾者的安全感与手机依赖中的独特作用机制，为失补偿假说提供了实证支持，并为手机成瘾行为治疗开展安全感和社交干预提供了心理学依据。     

MIGRANT DOMESTIC CAREWORKERS: Between the Public and the Private in Catholic Social Teaching

This essay argues that Catholic (magisterial) social teaching's division of ethics into public and private creates a structural lacuna which makes it almost impossible to envision a truly just situation for migrant domestic careworkers (MDCs) within the current horizon of Catholic social thought. Drawing on a variety of sociological studies, I conclude that it is easy for MDCs to “disappear” between two countries, two families, and, finally, two sets of ethical norms. If the magisterium genuinely wishes Catholic ethicists to address the plight of these migrant women, normative Catholic social teaching must pay more attention to household sociological realities and more fully absorb the feminist critique of the sharp line between the public and the private, between care and paid work.     

Does a smartphone on the desk drain our brain? No evidence of cognitive costs due to smartphone presence in a short-term and prospective memory task

It has recently been shown that the mere presence of one’s own smartphone on the desk impairs working memory performance. The aim of this study was to follow up on this important finding by assessing the effect of smartphone presence (present on the desk vs. absent from the desk) on different memory functions (short-term memory and prospective memory), and by further examining the moderating role of individual differences in smartphone dependency and impulsiveness. We found no overall effect of smartphone presence on short-term and prospective memory performance. There was a moderating effect for prospective memory: Performance was better when the smartphone was absent versus present for participants with low smartphone dependency. In light of the absence of an overall effect of smartphone presence on memory functions, our results show that previous findings of impairments in working memory due to smartphone presence do not generalize to other domains of memory capacity.     

智慧时代的螺丝钉：机器人凸显对职场物化的影响

在“工具人” “打工人” “社畜”等流行语风靡职场的当下, 职场物化已然成为了一个亟需探讨的话题。而随着人工智能尤其是机器人在职场中的使用日益增多, 机器人产生的职场效应也值得关注。因此, 本项目旨在探讨在人工智能飞速发展的当今社会, 机器人渗入职场是否会产生或加重职场物化现象。基于群际威胁理论和补偿控制理论, 我们假设职场中的机器人员工凸显会增加职场物化。项目采用实验、大数据与问卷调查相结合的方式, 首先考察机器人员工的凸显是否会增加职场物化, 初步验证影响效应; 然后探讨机器人影响职场物化的中介机制, 试图发现感知威胁和控制补偿的链式中介效应; 最后从个人、机器人和环境三方面分别考察其对机器人影响职场物化的调节作用, 并从组织文化的角度探讨对职场物化的干预策略。对本项目的探索有助于结合人工智能尤其是机器人发展背景, 前瞻性地了解人工智能在职场中可能的负面影响, 并提出有效的解决方案。     

Development of a Career Stress Scale for Hospital Nurses: Implications for Workplace Counseling

The author performed 3 studies to investigate the construct validation and applicability of a Career Stress Scale for hospital nurses. After conducting an exploratory factor analysis on a sample of 141 nurses in the 1st study, the author examined divergent and convergent validity in the 2nd study, and performed a confirmatory factor analysis to test the hypothesized model on a sample of 284 teaching hospital nurses. The final study aimed to expand the findings, and the author used multigroup structural equation modeling to examine the measurement invariance of the Career Stress Scale for a district hospital, in a sample of 166 nurses. Recommendations for future studies and workplace counseling are discussed.