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F. LeRon Shults Wesley J. Wildman Ann Taves Raymond F. Paloutzian 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2020,59(1):18-38
This article presents selected findings of the Values in Scholarship on Religion (VISOR) project. Conversations about the values and norms that ought to shape the academic study of religion are quite common but typically based on anecdotal evidence and personal experience. The goal of VISOR was to gather data that could ground debates about the values that scholars of religion prize. Here, we present statistical analyses of VISOR data that shed light on the values guiding members of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion (SSSR) and the ways in which these compare with the values of members of other academic associations and other disciplines that study religion. Compared to current members of SSSR, members of the broader field of scholars whose approach to religion is sociological are more likely to be younger, female, liberal, and nonreligious. This sea change will put pressure on the SSSR to adapt. 相似文献
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Does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? An exploratory study
Previous research indicates that students in engineering self-report cheating in college at higher rates than those in most
other disciplines. Prior work also suggests that participation in one deviant behavior is a reasonable predictor of future
deviant behavior. This combination of factors leads to a situation where engineering students who frequently participate in
academic dishonesty are more likely to make unethical decisions in professional practice. To investigate this scenario, we
propose the hypotheses that (1) there are similarities in the decision-making processes used by engineering students when
considering whether or not to participate in academic and professional dishonesty, and (2) prior academic dishonesty by engineering
students is an indicator of future decisions to act dishonestly. Our sample consisted of undergraduate engineering students
from two technically-oriented private universities. As a group, the sample reported working full-time an average of six months
per year as professionals in addition to attending classes during the remaining six months. This combination of both academic
and professional experience provides a sample of students who are experienced in both settings. Responses to open-ended questions
on an exploratory survey indicate that students identify common themes in describing both temptations to cheat or to violate
workplace policies and factors which caused them to hesitate in acting unethically, thus supporting our first hypothesis and
laying the foundation for future surveys having forced-choice responses. As indicated by the responses to forced-choice questions
for the engineering students surveyed, there is a relationship between self-reported rates of cheating in high school and
decisions to cheat in college and to violate workplace policies; supporting our second hypothesis. Thus, this exploratory
study demonstrates connections between decision-making about both academic and professional dishonesty. If better understood,
these connections could lead to practical approaches for encouraging ethical behavior in the academic setting, which might
then influence future ethical decision-making in workplace settings.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the “Ethics and Social Responsibility in Engineering and Technology” meeting,
New Orleans, 2003. 相似文献
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Richard Wellen 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2004,2(1):101-118
777.
Healy D 《Science and engineering ethics》2003,9(1):59-71
When the University of Toronto withdrew a contract it held with me in December 2000, it initiated a sequence of events that
led to a public letter to the University from senior figures in the world psychopharmacology community protesting against
the infringement of academic freedom involved and a first ever legal action, undertaked by this author, seeking redress for
a violation of academic freedom. The issues of academic freedom surrounding this case have been intertwined with a debate
about the possibility that the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) group of antidepressants have the potential to
trigger suicidality in a subgroup of patients. Whether the SSRIs do trigger suicidality or not, exploration of this issue
has given rise to a number of worrying sets of observations. First, in my view, there is evidence that pharmaceutical companies
have miscoded raw data on suicidal acts and suicidal ideation. Second, this author also maintains that there is a growing
body of examples of ghostwriting of articles in the therapeutics domain. Many of the tensions evident in this case, therefore,
can be linked to company abilities to keep clinical trial data out of the public domain — this is the point at which the pharmaceutical
python gets a grip on academia. 相似文献
778.
Olivieri NF 《Science and engineering ethics》2003,9(1):29-41
This paper is a personal account of the events associated with the author's work at the University of Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children on a drug, deferiprone, for the treatment of thalassaemia. Trials of the drug were sponsored by the Canadian Medical Research Council and a drug company which would have been able, had the trials been successful, to seek regulatory approval to market the drug. When evidence emerged that deferiprone might be inadequately effective in a substantial proportion of patients, the drug company issued legal threats when the author proposed informing her patients and the scientific community. Until protests were made by international authorities in her field of research, the hospital and university did not adequately support the author's academic freedom and responsibilities as a medical practitioner. It is argued that underlying cause of this, and of other similar cases, is the political philosophy which is driving the commercialisation of universities and bringing about the deregulation of drug approval procedures. Together these changes constitute a serious threat to the public good. 相似文献
779.
Gerald?LeventhalEmail author Richard?J.?Seime Danny?Wedding Ronald?H.?Rozensky 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2005,12(3):209-220
This paper offers commentaries on Pate and Kohout’s (2005) report of data from the 1997 and 2003 surveys of psychologists in medical school settings. The commentaries reflect upon the significance of the survey findings and implications for psychology’s role in medical school and academic health science settings. Though the response rate to the survey was disappointing, the data indicate that psychologists are moving up in academic rank, and have made substantial gains in salary. The data also indicate that among psychologists who are medical staff members, who constitute half the 2003 sample, an increasing proportion are functioning autonomously as reflected in gains in the percentage having admitting privileges, staff voting privileges, and authority to write orders. Research continues to be a major focus for psychologists in academic medical centers. Overall, the findings indicate that psychologists can have productive, satisfying careers in medical school/academic health center settings—though there is one troubling sign, a sizeable drop in the number of positions being created for younger, more recently trained psychologists. Methodological enhancements are described that could improve the quality, scope, and usefulness of data from future studies, both for understanding long-term trends and for conducting salary negotiations. High quality data provide a solid foundation for advocating for psychologists’ full participation in the life of medical schools and academic health centers. 相似文献
780.
Schlüssel A 《American journal of psychoanalysis》2005,65(4):381-403
The author attempts to apply the psychoanalytic concept of “prolonged adolescence” to two literary works, both of which are
embedded in England’s postwar social and political climate. The discussion of John Wain’s Hurry on Down ([1953] 1979) and John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger ([1956] 1989), by necessity, involves a look at those factors responsible for shaping the cultural “mood” in those days. However, the
author’s primary concern lies with how two particular (fictional) individuals, or antiheroes, deal with the frustration, which,
although generally felt among contemporary academia, in their cases seems to hide a much deeper layer of mental insecurity
and instability. In fact, we come to feel that the characters have not achieved a proper sense of identity (“self”) and are,
from the point of view of maturity, delayed and, hence, “unfitted” to cope adequately with the external world. Having long
achieved formal adulthood, they seem to have gotten “stuck” somewhere along the passage of growing up. Essential papers by
Sigmund Freud and his daughter Anna, as well as a very early paper on the topic by Siegfried Bernfeld, are, among others,
taken into account, as is the profound research done by Peter Blos on the subject in question. 相似文献