Individual distress and dyadic adjustment over a three‐year follow‐up period in couple therapy: a bi‐directional relationship?

This study examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and dyadic adjustment, as well as between interpersonal problems and dyadic adjustment, during residential couple therapy and at a three‐year follow‐up (N=106). Mixed models were used in the analyses. Significant improvement (p<.001) occurred on all measures from admission to discharge (effect sizes .27?.83) and from admission to three‐year follow‐up (effect sizes .52?.79). During the observation period, improvement in depressive symptoms at the first time point predicted improvement in dyadic adjustment at the subsequent time point. Furthermore, the dyadic adjustment level at discharge predicted improvement in depressive symptoms in the follow‐up period. There were only modest associations between personality variables and dyadic adjustment. The clinical implication is that in couples suffering from co‐existing relational and symptomatic distress, couple therapy should include the aim of lowering depressive symptoms.     

项目反应理论新进展：基于3PLM和GRM的混合模型

IRT中的计量模型较多,不同计量模型适合不同特点的数据资料,实际工作者应根据实际情况选择适当的IRT模型来分析数据。我国是个考试、测评大国,测评的题型丰富多样,在实际应用IRT时,一个模型往往很难反应所有数据资料本身的特点,这时可考虑应用多个IRT模型（即“混合模型”）来分析,以达到对数据的最佳拟合。本文对混合模型的思想方法及原理、参数估计的实现、以及模型性能进行了研究,发现：（1）本文自主开发的混合模型参数估计程序Mix_Tu具有较高的返真性,且与国际知名测量软件Parscale相当。（2）在“项目异常”情况下,Mix_Tu程序对参数b和c的估计受数据异常程度的影响要大于Parscale程序,而对参数a的估计受数据异常程度的影响要小于Parscale程序,而在参数theta上两个程序相当。（3）在“被试异常”情况下,Mix_Tu程序对所有参数的估计受数据异常程度的影响均要小于Parscale程序,Mix_Tu程序表现的更为稳健。     

Expected consequences of anger‐related behaviours

In a study with 140 participants (66 men, 74 women), we investigated behaviour outcome expectancies (cognitive, affective and relational) regarding a broad group of anger‐related behaviours (e.g. hit someone, run away). Results of a three‐mode component analysis indicated that behaviour outcome expectancies vary considerably, depending on the behaviour (aggressive versus nonaggressive ones), the consequence (consequences related to the self versus consequences for the anger) and the individual. The findings are discussed in the context of catharsis theory, emotion regulation and functionalistic accounts of emotion‐related behaviour. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

筮人"掌三易"及《周易》在先秦的传播

周代占筮《连山》、《归藏》、《周易》三易并用,但太卜、筮人、筮史之外的周人似更喜筮用《周易》．与此同时,周人大量语用《周易》,显示了《周易》在社会上超出卜筮职能范围的广泛传播、接受与应用．其传播方式除口耳相传外,已经出现书面传播,并伴有阐释文本,即《易》传,可见《易》学乃至《易》教的兴起．《周易》能够成为“六经”之一并传世至今,正与此有着直接的关系．     

云门文偃的禅学思想

该文对唐末五代时期“禅宗五家”之一云门宗创始人文偃的禅学思想进行了初步分析,指出了其宗教哲学的客观唯心主义本质,同时也揭示了其“机锋”的反理性、反逻辑、反知识的特点。     

An alternating least squares algorithm for fitting the two- and three-way dedicom model and the idioscal model

The DEDICOM model is a model for representing asymmetric relations among a set of objects by means of a set of coordinates for the objects on a limited number of dimensions. The present paper offers an alternating least squares algorithm for fitting the DEDICOM model. The model can be generalized to represent any number of sets of relations among the same set of objects. An algorithm for fitting this three-way DEDICOM model is provided as well. Based on the algorithm for the three-way DEDICOM model an algorithm is developed for fitting the IDIOSCAL model in the least squares sense.The author is obliged to Jos ten Berge and Richard Harshman.     

《易余》与方以智的易学观

《易余》是方以智的易学代表作之一,著于方氏中年“流遁百越”的患难之际.此书包含两大主旨:第一,以“余”概念为中心继承、发展了方氏家传易学的思想精髓,特别是解决了其中有无,虚实之间贯通何以可能的问题;第二,以“三冒五衍尽三教百家”,提出了以易学作为方法,会通儒、释、道三家的主张.这部著作在方氏易学史以及方以智思想发展历程中占有重要地位.     

表征影响三门问题解决的实验研究

本实验选取120名大一学生,设计了四种不同的处理,研究表征对解决三门问题及其迁移问题的影响,结果表明:(1)三门问题困难原因有害怕后悔、控制错觉和错误表征问题空间等,其中错误表征问题空间是主要原因。(2)清晰表征选手行为和主持人行为的逻辑关系显著地促进了三门问题的解决,而只有在逻辑关系基础上的频率表征才能够更进一步地促进三门问题的解决,在此基础上概率形式的信息表征没有更显著的促进作用。(3)在逻辑关系分解基础上的频率表征无论对结构相似还是内容相似的迁移问题的解决都有最好的正迁移效果。     

三阶层多靶点综合集成法指导难治性皮肤病治疗

本文借鉴以往综合治疗难治性疾病的成功经验,运用系统科学的综合集成方法,提炼出“皮肤病三阶层多靶点综合治疗策略”,即治疗层次分为病因阶层、病机阶层及症状阶层,多靶点综合集成是多个作用机理不同的药物进行有机综合。本文列举了各阶层多靶点综合集成治疗皮肤病的成功案例,论证了该策略的指导作用。同时提出应该根据某一种难治性皮肤病的病因、发病机制等的研究新进展,定期更新治疗方案,以便与时俱进,提高疗效。     

Whence Creativity?

In this article, I explicate where my theoretical work on creativity has been and where it is going. I describe earlier three‐facet and investment theories, as well as a propulsion model. I then describe my new triangular theory of creativity.