续读帛书《二厽子》

承继前篇,本文以逐章解读的形式,对帛书<二厽子>下半部分中的疑难词句和其中所涉及的易学问题进行了发掘和疏通,试图解决先秦及汉初易学中的一些重要问题.     

The conscious experience of color constancy and neural responses to subliminal deviations – A behavioral and EEG/ERP oddball study

IntroductionColor constancy, a property of conscious color experience, maintains object color appearance across illuminant changes. We investigated the neural correlates of subliminal vs. conscious stimulus deviations of color constancy manipulations.MethodsBehavioral and Oddball EEG/ERP experiments were conducted (n = 20). Psychophysical illuminant variation discrimination thresholds were first estimated, to establish individual perceptual awareness ranges, allowing for simulation of natural daylight spectral and spatial variations on colored surfaces, at different ambiguity levels.ResultsBehavioral results validated illuminant choice. ERPs showed a significant modulation of posterior P1 component specifically for the subliminal global uniform deviation condition, respecting color constancy. Neural correlates of conscious percepts were identified at posterior N2-P3 latencies, parietal (P3b) and frontal regions.ConclusionsWe identified an early subliminal correlate of low-level illuminant change, which reflects automatic unconscious detection of global color constancy deviations. Its suppression under conscious perception is probably due to top-down suppression according to prediction error models.     

苏浚生生易学之研究——兼论苏浚调和理学与心学的方法

苏浚是明代后期著名的理学家和易学家。苏浚易学属于义理易学,具有心学易的色彩。苏浚易学的主要贡献在于提出了圣人洗心而作《易》的观念,这为后世注经者以心论《易》提供了"合法"诠释的前提。在苏浚看来,学习《周易》,固然要学习《周易》所蕴含的各种人事及其道理,但更重要的是要学习圣人之心。另外,苏浚采用人心涵具天理这一思路,既承认了天理的本体性地位,又突出了心的重要性,从而表现出调和理学与心学的理论努力。