Objectives: Obesity is a rising problem in adolescents related to unhealthy behaviours. Commitment devises are one type of behavioural intervention that may help people change their behaviours. The current pilot trial tests whether commitment devices delivered via text message help adolescents maintain their recent weight loss.
Methods: During a 12-week pilot trial, adolescents who attended a weight loss camp were randomly assigned to either received text messages that contained only information, i.e. advice, about weight loss management (n = 13) or asked for them to commit to following the same advise (n = 14).
Results: The BMI of the adolescents in the commitment group did not change. In contrast, the BMI of adolescents in the information group increased. A linear regression revealed that group was a significant predictor of BMI change. A logistic regression revealed that adolescents in the information group were nearly eight times more likely to regain weight than those in the commitment group.
Conclusions: This is the first study with adolescents to show weight maintenance using a commitment device. The results suggest that commitment devices can help adolescents maintain their recent weight loss. 相似文献
The primary purpose of this 6-month two-wave longitudinal study among 104 Chinese leader–follower dyads is to investigate whether burnout could cross over from leaders to followers, and if so, whether this crossover process could be mediated by changes of followers’ job and personal resources. As expected, the structural equation modelling results show that after controlling for follower burnout at T1, leader burnout at T1 is negatively related to changes of followers’ job and personal resources over a period of 6 months, which in turn are negatively related to follower burnout at T2. Our longitudinal study has demonstrated that resource loss plays a mediating role in the crossover of burnout from leaders to followers. The implications of these findings for the intervention of burnout in the work context are discussed. 相似文献
Hearing loss has been shown to exacerbate the effect of auditory distraction on driving performance in older drivers. This study controlled for the potentially confounding factor of age-related cognitive decrements, by applying a simulated hearing loss in young, normally hearing individuals. Participants drove a simulated road whilst completing auditory tasks under simulated hearing loss or normal hearing conditions. Measures of vehicle control, eye movements and auditory task performance were recorded. Results showed that performing the auditory tasks whilst driving resulted in more stable lateral vehicle control and a reduction in gaze dispersion around the road centre. These trends were not exacerbated by simulated hearing loss, suggesting no effect of hearing loss on vehicle control or eye movement patterns during auditory task engagement. However, a small effect of simulated hearing loss on the performance of the most complex auditory task was observed during driving, suggesting that the use of sound-based in-vehicle systems may be problematic for hearing impaired individuals. Further research incorporating a wider variety of driving scenarios and auditory tasks is required in order to confirm the findings of this study. 相似文献
This study analyzed whether survivors’ resource loss mediates the effects of exposure on posttsunami trauma. Fourteen months posttsunami, 416 survivors were interviewed from the nine worst-affected habitations of the Nagapattinam district in Tamil Nadu (India). Exposure was measured using a checklist; trauma and resource loss were assessed using inventories. Findings indicate that the indirect effects of tsunami exposure on trauma via resource loss were a more potent predictor than the direct effects of exposure on trauma. Resource loss was a vehicle through which the effects of exposure passed on to posttsunami trauma. 相似文献
This randomized controlled trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral self-help program (CBS) with minimal coaching in improving depressed mood for women with a permanent unfulfilled child wish. Participants completed pretest, posttest, and follow-up questionnaires and were randomly allocated to CBS (n = 27) or a waiting list condition (WLC, n =27). Respondents who followed the CBS improved significantly on depression scores compared to the WLC. This positive effect remained at follow-up. This study suggests that a low-resource, low-cost self-help program could be an effective intervention in reducing depressed mood in women living with the loss of a desired child. 相似文献
We appreciate Ejima et al.‘s interest in and comments towards our article describing a 12-week randomized controlled trial of a coordination exercise program on cognitive function in obese adolescents that was conducted at a junior high school in Taipei City, Taiwan (Liu et al., 2018). Ejima et al. mentioned the apparent extraordinary effects of the interv ention on body mass index (BMI) both in the magnitude of the effects and distribution of the weight loss. On several points, we agree with Ejima et al. and in the spirit of transparency and reproducibility, we appreciate the opportunity to set the record straight about our study. We also genuinely appreciate Ejima et al.‘s time and efforts in reviewing our study and analyzing the data, and helping to uncover these mistakes. We hope this commentary aids in better understanding the findings from Liu et al. (2018) and in encouraging future effectiveness trials aimed at improving cognitive function, fitness, and BMI among obese adolescents. 相似文献
An increased understanding of how self-regulation and mood affects both healthy and unhealthy eating behaviours is required to improve weight-loss intervention architectures. Women with obesity (N = 54, MBMI = 34.80 kg/m2), who obtained ≥5% weight loss over 12 months (M = −9.01 kg) within a community-based behavioural weight-loss treatment, were assessed. Improvements in exercise- and eating-focused self-regulation (over 3 and 6 months), and the consumption of fruits/vegetables and sweets (over 6 and 12 months), were each significant. Multiple regression analyses indicated that changes in (a) aggregated (exercise-focused + eating-focused) self-regulation, (b) eating-focused self-regulation alone and (c) eating self-regulation that carried over from exercise-focused self-regulation, each significantly predicted fruit/vegetable consumption changes (R2 = .15–.28). Entry of overall mood did not significantly increase those models' predictive strength. Conversely, mood was the most salient predictor of change in sweets intake. There were significant inverse relationships between changes in fruits/vegetables and sweets consumption. Implications for self-regulation theory and treatment improvements were suggested. 相似文献
People are motivated to avoid losses. In the context of politics, studies consistently show that the threat of losses increases support for risky public policies more than the promise of gains. Here, we predict that this loss aversion is calibrated by individual differences related to one’s ability to accommodate resource loss, and we investigate how these individual differences moderate reactions to the threat of losses and the promise of gains. Results from large-N experiments consistently demonstrate that this moderation effect crucially depends on whether the resource loss relates to oneself or one’s group—whether the setting is personal or political. Consistent with classic assumptions, individuals with inferior abilities to cope with resource loss are more loss averse in personal settings. In political settings where group resources are threatened, effects reverse: Individuals with superior resources and a more central position within the group consistently respond more to the prospect of loss. As discussed, these findings have important implications for our understanding of why and for whom the threat of loss motivates risky personal and political choices. By consequence, the findings also shed novel light on the psychological underpinnings of recent risky political events. 相似文献