全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1165篇 |
免费 | 112篇 |
国内免费 | 62篇 |
专业分类
1339篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 36篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 40篇 |
2020年 | 65篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 59篇 |
2017年 | 54篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 41篇 |
2014年 | 68篇 |
2013年 | 203篇 |
2012年 | 31篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 48篇 |
2008年 | 63篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 41篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1339条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
Irene M. Pepperberg 《Current directions in psychological science》2002,11(3):83-87
Grey parrots ( Psittacus erithacus ) solve various cognitive tasks and acquire and use English speech in ways that often resemble those of very young children. Given that the psittacine brain is organized very differently from that of mammals, these results have intriguing implications for the study and evolution of vocal learning, communication, and cognition. 相似文献
152.
Teachers are often placed in a space of tensionbetween responding to students as persons andresponding to students through theirinstitutionally-defined roles. Particularlywith respect to eros, which has becomeincreasingly the subject of strictinstitutional legislation and regulation,teachers have little recourse to a language ofresponsibility outside an institutional frame. By studying the significance of communicativeambiguity for responsibility, this paperexplores what is ethically at stake forteachers in erotic forms of communication. Specifically, it is Levinas's own ambiguousunderstanding of the ethical significance oferos, and what we have to learn from it, thatoffers a way of reading the place of eros inresponsibility. I conclude my discussion withsome thoughts on what a renewed understandingof responsibility might mean at the personaland institutional levels. 相似文献
153.
Robert Rosenthal 《Current directions in psychological science》2003,12(5):151-154
Hundreds of research studies have demonstrated that one person's expectations for the behavior of another person can actually affect that other person's behavior. These studies implicate the operation of processes of covert communication, communication that is subtle, largely nonverbal, and ordinarily unintended. The earliest studies of these processes showed that through their expectations, laboratory researchers unwittingly affected the responses of their research participants. Later studies showed that teachers' experimentally induced expectations about their pupils affected the pupils' intellectual performance. Most recently, studies of covert communication processes have extended to diverse contexts, such as the judicial and health care systems. For example, research indicates that judges' beliefs about the guilt of trial defendants can be unwittingly communicated to juries by the judges' nonverbal behavior during jury instruction. In addition, studies of covert communication in medical contexts show that physicians' effectiveness in persuading their patients to enter into treatment can be predicted from their tone of voice in talking to or about their patients. For example, one study showed that surgeons who used a bossy tone of voice when talking to their patients were more likely to be sued by their patients than were surgeons who used a more respectful tone. In sum, then, we have learned a great deal about the importance of subtle processes of nonverbal communication, but a great deal more is yet to be learned about these processes as they occur in the relatively sheltered context of laboratories and classrooms and in the rough-and-tumble of the truly real world beyond. 相似文献
154.
155.
Louis P. Hagopian Wayne W. Fisher Michelle Thibault Sullivan Jean Acquisto Linda A. LeBlanc 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1998,31(2):211-235
Functional communication training (FCT) is a frequently used treatment for reducing problem behavior exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities. Once the operant function of problem behavior is identified by a functional analysis, the client is taught to emit an appropriate communicative response to obtain the reinforcer that is responsible for behavioral maintenance. Studies on FCT have typically used small numbers of participants, have reported primarily on clients for whom FCT was successful, and have varied with respect to their use of other treatment components. The main purposes of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of FCT for treating severe problem behavior in a relatively large sample of individuals with mental retardation (N = 21) and to determine the contribution of extinction and punishment components to FCT treatment packages. FCT with extinction was effective in reducing problem behavior for the majority of clients and resulted in at least a 90% reduction in problem behavior in nearly half the applications. However, when demand or delay-to-reinforcement fading was added to FCT with extinction, treatment efficacy was reduced in about one half of the applications. FCT with punishment (both with and without fading) resulted in at least a 90% reduction in problem behavior for every case in which it was applied. 相似文献
156.
The aims of this prospective study were to determine (a) the concordance between patient concerns and genetic counselors' judgments of these concerns, (b) the predictors of patient and counselor judgments, and (c) the relationship between concordance and patient outcomes. Patients' and counselors' views were sought before and after 131 routine genetic consultations. Before consultations, there was concordance about level of patient concern to within one point in 63% (82/131) of consultations and about type of patient concern in 60–84% of consultations. Lack of concordance in judging level and type of concern was associated with lower satisfaction with information and higher anxiety after the consultation. The biggest predictor of counselor judgment of concern was professional background: doctors judged patients to be more concerned than did nurses. Concordance of concern was predicted by counselors' experience in genetics: less experienced counselors overestimated patient concern. Future research needs to determine whether improving judgment of concern improves patient outcome. 相似文献
157.
Since the observations of O. Pfungst the use of human-provided cues by animals has been well-known in the behavioural sciences
(“Clever Hans effect”). It has recently been shown that rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are unable to use the direction of gazing by the experimenter as a cue for finding food, although after some training they
learned to respond to pointing by hand. Direction of gaze is used by chimpanzees, however. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are believed to be sensitive to human gestural communication but their ability has never been formally tested. In three
experiments we examined whether dogs can respond to cues given by humans. We found that dogs are able to utilize pointing,
bowing, nodding, head-turning and glancing gestures of humans as cues for finding hidden food. Dogs were also able to generalize
from one person (owner) to another familiar person (experimenter) in using the same gestures as cues. Baseline trials were
run to test the possibility that odour cues alone could be responsible for the dogs’ performance. During training individual
performance showed limited variability, probably because some dogs already “knew” some of the cues from their earlier experiences
with humans. We suggest that the phenomenon of dogs responding to cues given by humans is better analysed as a case of interspecific
communication than in terms of discrimination learning.
Received: 30 May 1998 / Accepted after revision: 6 September 1998 相似文献
158.
Henry Reed 《The Journal of analytical psychology》1996,41(1):81-116
The phenomenology of the experience of being in psychic contact with another person was explored in a series of observations using a novel dyadic interaction in imaginal space. Research participants working in pairs with eyes closed received instructions to imagine being in mental contact with one another for three minutes while they observed their internal experiences. Their reports indicated that the imagined contact was experienced as real, as intimate, and aroused the ambivalences usually associated with intimacy as well as phenomena suggestive of projective identification effects. This first part demonstrated that the liminal zone, or the transitional space between individuals, can be experimentally observed through the imagination. Part II of this report will present evidence that the experienced psychic contact was more than 'just imagination', and involved transpersonal interactions, including suggestions of synchronicity and telepathy. 相似文献
159.
160.
Evaluation of multiple schedules with naturally occurring and therapist‐arranged discriminative stimuli following functional communication training 下载免费PDF全文
Kenneth D. Shamlian Wayne W. Fisher Mark W. Steege Brenna M. Cavanaugh Kristina Samour Angie C. Querim 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2016,49(2):228-250
Many studies have shown that (a) functional communication training (FCT) is effective for reducing problem behavior, and (b) multiple schedules can facilitate reinforcer schedule thinning during FCT. Most studies tha have used multiple schedules with FCT have included therapist‐arranged stimuli (e.g., colored cards) as the discriminative stimuli (SDs), but recently, researchers have evaluated similar multiple‐schedule training procedures with naturally occurring SDs (e.g., overt therapist behavior). The purposes of the current study were to compare the effects of arranged and naturally occurring SDs directly during (a) acquisition of discriminated functional communication responses (FCRs) and (b) generalization of discriminated FCRs when we introduced the multiple schedules in novel contexts in which the naturally occurring stimuli were either relatively easy or difficult to discriminate. Results showed that (a) 2 of 3 participants acquired discriminated responding of the FCR more rapidly with arranged than with naturally occurring stimuli, (b) 2 of 3 participants showed resurgence of problem behavior , and (c) 2 of 3 participants showed greater generalization of discriminated responding to novel contexts with arranged stimuli than with naturally occurring stimuli. We discuss these results relative to the conditions under which naturally occurring and arranged SDs may promote rapid and generalized treatment gains. 相似文献