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231.
Ella L. Oar Lara J. Farrell Elizabeth G. Conlon Allison M. Waters Thomas H. Ollendick 《Child & family behavior therapy》2017,39(1):43-63
Blood-Injection-Injury (BII) Phobia is a severe and impairing disorder that has been understudied in youth. The present study aimed to define patterns of response and remission following a modified One-Session Treatment (OST) including an e-therapy maintenance program for children and adolescents with BII Phobia. Moreover, characteristics of different responder groups were examined in order to determine correlates of a poorer response. Youth (n?=?20; 8–18 years) were categorized into four responder groups (e.g., immediate remitter, delayed remitter, partial responder, and nonresponder) based upon defined criteria for remission. Immediate remitters to treatment were more likely to have a primary diagnosis of injection phobia, rather than a combined blood and injection phobia. Nonresponders reported significantly greater disgust sensitivity at pretreatment and were more likely to have a comorbid diagnosis of Social Phobia. In regards to within session change, youth who achieved the exposure goal of having a blood test during treatment had a significantly stronger treatment response. These preliminary findings may assist clinicians in the planning and delivering of intensive Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (CBT) approaches for BII Phobia in youth. 相似文献
232.
PurposeTo discuss clinical applications of research findings about temperament and early stuttering.MethodA “1000-bytes” format (Onslow & Millard, 2012) was used to provide readers with contemporaneous observation of a “conversation” between the authors. The conversation is proceeded by a prologue and followed by concluding statements from each author.ResultsOne author contended that comprehensive, multidimensional assessment of temperament domains is essential during clinical management of early stuttering, and the results of that assessment are best incorporated into a multifactorial treatment approach. The other author contested that view, arguing that such an approach is not empirically justifiable at present.ConclusionsThe authors agree about the salience of research on temperament and early stuttering but have different perspectives about the topic when applied to providing health care for early stuttering. 相似文献
233.
John J. O’Connor 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2008,38(2):87-96
There appears to be a broad impression that an explicitly psychoanalytic framework of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
is outdated and obsolete. However, interpersonal dynamics and experiences within the family during childhood and their intrapersonal
sequelae in particular, may have substantial bearing on the early stages of the development of OCD. The author presents a
set of observations about obsessional thoughts based on case material from research projects, psychometric assessments and
psychotherapy with these patients. Freud’s contributions to understanding the internal world of the patient are discussed,
suggesting a need to extend beyond the crucible of emerging affects and their regulation and into the wider stage in which
the most profound struggle exists around relating to the other. We place the individual’s experience of others at the centre
of our theories of the aetiology of OCD. We need to expand our understanding of OCD, particularly in how we locate the individual’s
internal struggles within the context of the social environment in, and perhaps out of, which they have emerged. 相似文献
234.
Kristina Coop Gordon Donald H. Baucom Douglas K. Snyder 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2008,38(3):151-160
Infidelity is one of the most difficult problems to address in couple therapy, most likely because it involves a traumatic
relationship event that alters the ways in which couples process information about each other and established behavioral patterns.
This article presents a three-stage treatment designed to address the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of affairs
that integrates cognitive-behavioral and insight-oriented strategies with the literatures on traumatic response and forgiveness.
Critical and unique features of this treatment are discussed and a case study is presented to illustrate the treatment methods. 相似文献
235.
Given that the development of treatment fidelity assessment protocol is an integral but too frequently ignored aspect of clinical
trials for psychological treatments, the Intensive Mental Health Program (IMHP) sought to build fidelity activities into training,
program evaluation, and clinical recordkeeping from the outset of a 3 year study period. We describe (a) operational definitions
and measurement of the IMHP treatment model, (b) planned fidelity-promoting activities, (c) evaluation methods, and (d) fair
to appreciable accomplishment of IMHP fidelity targets. Discussion of the circumstances and processes possibly hindering better
fidelity for several IMHP treatment features accompanies presentation of fidelity data. We summarize pitfalls and compensatory
strategies identified during IMHP program evaluation and offer practical suggestions to enhance accountability and evaluative
activity in future clinical research. 相似文献
236.
The present study meta-analytically reviewed the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) vs. control conditions in the reduction of anxiety sensitivity. A computerized search was conducted to indentify CBT outcome studies that included the Anxiety Sensitivity Index as a dependent variable. Of the 989 studies that were identified, 24 randomized-controlled trials with a total of 1851 participants met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Data were extracted separately for treatment-seeking (16 studies) and at-risk (eight studies) samples. Results indicated large effect sizes for treatment-seeking samples, Hedges' g=1.40, SE=0.21, 95% CI: 1.00-1.81, p<0.001, and moderate to large effect sizes for at risk samples Hedges' g=0.74, SE=0.18, 95% CI: 0.39-1.08, p<0.001. Additionally, both the amount of therapist contact and control modality (waitlist vs. psychological control) moderated the effect sizes for treatment-seeking samples. Our review indicates that CBT is efficacious in reducing anxiety sensitivity. However, more research is needed to determine the mechanisms by which CBT exert its effects on anxiety sensitivity. 相似文献
237.
A multi-session interpretation modification program: changes in interpretation and social anxiety symptoms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Previous research suggests that socially anxious individuals interpret ambiguous social information in a more threatening manner compared to non-anxious individuals. Recently, studies have experimentally modified interpretation and shown that this subsequently affected anxiety in non-anxious individuals. If similar procedures can modify interpretation biases in socially anxious individuals, they may lead to a reduction in social anxiety symptoms. In the current study, we examined the effect of a computerized Interpretation Modification Program (IMP) on interpretation bias and social anxiety symptoms. Twenty-seven socially anxious individuals were randomly assigned to the IMP or a control condition. Participants completed eight computer sessions over four weeks. The IMP modified interpretation by providing positive feedback when participants made benign interpretations and negative feedback in response to threat interpretations. The IMP successfully decreased threat interpretations, increased benign interpretations, and decreased social anxiety symptoms compared to the control condition. Moreover, changes in benign interpretation mediated IMP's effect on social anxiety. This initial trial suggests that interpretation modification may have clinical utility when applied as a multi-session intervention. 相似文献
238.
Sanna J. Thompson Kimberly Bender Janet Lantry Patrick M. Flynn 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2007,29(1-2):39-55
Client engagement is an essential yet challenging ingredient in effective therapy. Engaged clients are more likely to bond
with therapists and counselors, endorse treatment goals, participate to a greater degree, remain in treatment longer, and
report higher levels of satisfaction. This study explored the process of engaging high-risk youth and their parents in a unique
home-based family therapy intervention. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 families who completed family therapy
sessions that included a core component aimed at increasing treatment engagement. Parents’ and youths’ perceptions of engagement
suggest the importance of developing therapeutic alliance with therapists, who facilitated building a shared alliance among
family members. Implications for improving client engagement are discussed within the context of alliance building with the
therapist and among family members. 相似文献
239.
Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a class-based programme designed for use in the prevention of relapse of major depression. Its aim is to teach participants to disengage from those cognitive processes that may render them vulnerable to future episodes. These same cognitive processes are also known to maintain depression once established, hence a clinical audit was conducted to explore the use of MBCT in patients who were currently actively depressed, and who had not responded fully to standard treatments. The study showed that it was acceptable to these patients and resulted in an improvement in depression scores (pre-post Effect Size=1.04), with a significant proportion of patients returning to normal or near-normal levels of mood. 相似文献
240.
Steketee G Lam JN Chambless DL Rodebaugh TL McCullouch CE 《Behaviour research and therapy》2007,45(1):11-19
The present study explored the effect of perceived criticism (PC) on levels of anxiety and depression during behavioral treatment among patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA). We posited that patients' perceptions of relatives' criticism and the degree to which they were upset by the criticism (UC) would be related to negative affect and discomfort during exposure. The sample included 75 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD (n=43) or PDA (n=32) and their participating relatives. Measures of patients' weekly ratings of PC and upset about the criticism, anxious and depressed mood, and subjective discomfort during exposure treatment were analyzed using a mixed model regression approach (SAS Proc Mixed). Patients' anxious and depressed mood predicted greater discomfort during exposure. Patients who were more UC also had higher weekly ratings of anxiety and depression, and more discomfort during exposure sessions. Findings suggest that treatment outcome may be improved by attention to patients' reactions to their interpersonal environment. 相似文献