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391.
Harold H. Saunders 《Political psychology》2002,23(1):151-164
Two challenges are posed for social scientists, one substantive and the other disciplinary. First, scholars and practitioners should together find ways to transform fragmented and conflictual relationships into relationships capable of building peaceful societies where human dignity is respected. Second, to achieve this goal, they should work to develop non-disciplinary spaces where people from different disciplines can come together to create the requisite conceptual and methodological frameworks. 相似文献
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394.
Dhanraj Vishwanath 《Axiomathes》2005,15(3):399-486
Computational theories of vision typically rely on the analysis of two aspects of human visual function: (1) object and shape recognition (2) co-calibration of sensory measurements. Both these approaches are usually based on an inverse-optics model, where visual perception is viewed as a process of inference from a 2D retinal projection to a 3D percept within a Euclidean space schema. This paradigm has had great success in certain areas of vision science, but has been relatively less successful in understanding perceptual representation, namely, the nature of the perceptual encoding. One of the drawbacks of inverse-optics approaches has been the difficulty in defining the constraints needed to make the inference computationally tractable (e.g. regularity assumptions, Bayesian priors, etc.). These constraints, thought to be learned assumptions about the nature of the physical and optical structures of the external world, have to be incorporated into any workable computational model in the inverse-optics paradigm. But inference models that employ an inverse optics plus structural assumptions approach inevitably result in a naïve realist theory of perceptual representation. Another drawback of inference models for theories of perceptual representation is their inability to explain central features of the visual experience. The one most evident in the process and visual understanding of design is the fact that some visual configurations appear, often spontaneously, as perceptually more coherent than others. The epistemological consequences of inferential approaches to vision indicate that they fail to capture enduring aspects of our visual experience. Therefore they may not be suited to a theory of perceptual representation, or useful for an understanding of the role of perception in the design process and product. 相似文献
395.
采用EyeLink II眼动仪, 选取阅读障碍儿童及与其年龄相同、阅读能力水平相同的儿童为被试, 要求他们阅读正常无空格和词间空格句子。结果发现, 在阅读正常无空格和词间空格句子时, 阅读障碍儿童与年龄匹配组和能力匹配组儿童一样, 单次注视时往往将首次注视定位于词的中心, 多次注视时首次注视往往落在词的开头; 当首次注视落在词的开头时再注视该词的概率增加, 而且再注视往往落在词的结尾部分。我们认为, 中国儿童在阅读过程中采用的是“战略-战术”策略。 相似文献
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Heather Mann Jason Korzenko Jonathan S.A. Carriere Mike J. Dixon 《Consciousness and cognition》2009,18(3):619-627
Is synaesthesia cognitively useful? Individuals with time–space synaesthesia experience time units (such as months of the year) as idiosyncratic spatial forms, and report that these forms aid them in mentally organising their time. In the present study, we hypothesised that time–space synaesthesia would facilitate performance on a time-related cognitive task. Synaesthetes were not specifically recruited for participation; instead, likelihood of time–space synaesthesia was assessed on a continuous scale based on participants’ responses during a semi-structured interview. Participants performed a month-manipulation task, which involved naming every second month or every third month in reverse-chronological order, beginning and ending with a target month. Using hierarchical multiple regression, we found that time–space synaesthesia corresponded with faster performance on both versions of the task. We propose that time–space synaesthesia may expedite the cognitive manipulation of time-based information. Our results also indicate that synaesthesia is far less unusual than widely believed. 相似文献
398.
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the concept of possibility, and not merely that of actuality, for an inquiry into the bodily constitution of experience. The paper will study how the possibilities of action that may
(or may not) be available to the subject help to shape the meaning attributed to perceived objects and to the situation occupied
by the subject within her environment. This view will be supported by reference to empirical evidence provided by recent and
current research on the perceptual estimation of distances and the effects brought about by the use of a tool on the organisation
of our perceived immediate space.
相似文献
Olivier GapenneEmail: |
399.
Sensitivity to prosodic cues might be used to constrain lexical search. Indeed, the prosodic organization of speech is such that words are invariably aligned with phrasal prosodic edges, providing a cue to segmentation. In this paper we devise an experimental paradigm that allows us to investigate the interaction between statistical and prosodic cues to extract words from a speech stream. We provide evidence that statistics over the syllables are computed independently of prosody. However, we also show that trisyllabic sequences with high transition probabilities that straddle two prosodic constituents appear not to be recognized. Taken together, our findings suggest that prosody acts as a filter, suppressing possible word-like sequences that span prosodic constituents. 相似文献
400.
Michael J. Walsh 《Journal of religion and health》2007,46(4):471-479
This essay argues that the prospect of health and well-being from a Buddhist perspective must take into account an understanding
of religiosity as a process of becoming, a culturally and contextually defined praxis of what and who it is we are and would
like to become. It is in this process of becoming that a space of healing is made possible. It is not simply that Buddhist
temple space is ‘good’ in some sort of clinical manner, but rather that it is active in its will to achieve a space of becoming
healthy and whole.
相似文献
Michael J. WalshEmail: |