感知到亲子间面孔相似性对亲子虐待的影响：一个双重调节模型

由于体内受精,父亲面临着父亲身份不确定性的风险,亲子间面孔相似性是辨别父亲身份的一个常用的有效线索,因此,父亲往往依据亲子间面孔相似性程度调整着亲子投资。而中国传统文化强调重男轻女,因此,父子间面孔相似性比父女间面孔相似性对父亲的亲子投资的预测效应更强。本研究采用自我报告的方法测量了212名中学生感知到亲子间面孔相似性、亲子虐待以及人口学变量。结果表明:（1）感知到的亲子间面孔相似性与亲子虐待中的精神虐待存在显著的相关,与身体虐待的相关没有达到显著水平;（2）父母的性别显著地调节着感知到亲子间面孔相似性对精神虐待的预测,具体而言, 父子（女）间面孔相似性显著地预测父亲的精神虐待,而母子（女）间面孔相似性对母亲精神虐待的预测没有达到显著水平;（3）进一步的分析表明,子女的性别显著地调节着感知到父子（女）间面孔相似性对父亲精神虐待的影响,具体而言,父子间面孔相似性显著地预测父亲对儿子的精神虐待,但父女间面孔相似性对父亲对女儿的精神虐待的预测没有达到显著水平。研究结果支持并拓展了父亲身份不确定性假设。     

论中国传统医学与西方医学发展的不同道路

中国传统医学建立在整体论、有机论范式的基础上,难以与近现代科学融为一体,具有封闭性,总体上更接近于经验医学.西方医学是建立在现代科学范式基础上的技术医学,以现代科学成果为依托,并以大众的广泛参与为基础,具有开放性和发展性.     

巧用中西医结合,提高临床医学水平

通过对现代医学辨病的缺陷和临床与基础医学联系性、融合性不足的分析,阐述中医经典理论与现代医学基础理论结合,提高临床决策水平的重要意义。     

告别中医中药

从文化进步的角度看,中医中药没有寻求到自我进步的道路,约束了人们对病理和生理的理解;从尊重科学的角度看,中医中药既缺乏经验基础又缺乏逻辑基础;从维护生物多样性的角度看,中医中药在倡导不科学施治的同时,破坏了生物的多样性;从人道主义的角度看,中医中药蕴含着装腔作势的医理解释,推行毒物、异物、污物入药。因此,我们有充分的理由告别中医中药。     

现代视域下传统和谐思想的价值转换

中华传统和谐思想丰富多彩,它是维护中华民族统一的重要法宝,是推动中华民族文化发展的思想源泉。但是,传统和谐思想中也存在着消极的东西,特别是以等级划分为特征的历史局限。继承传统和谐思想的合理内核,并对传统和谐思想进行现代价值转换,对建构社会主义和谐社会具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

从中药介入治疗肝癌看中医药的继承与发展

中药在肝癌介入治疗中已显示出令人鼓舞的作用,从这一成功范例中我们看到继承传统中医特色和优势,走中西医结合、多学科参与融合之路,才能推动和实现中医药的跨越式发展。     

Association between bullying victimization and physical fitness among children and adolescents

Background/ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between being bullied and the physical fitness components, and to determine whether a healthy physical fitness level is related with lower victimization in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity compared to unfit overweight/obese peers. Method:The present cross-sectional study included a total of 7,714 youths (9-17 years), categorized as normal-weight or overweight/obese and fit or unfit according to sex-specific handgrip strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) cut-points. Bullying (physical, verbal, social exclusion, sexual harassment, and cyberbullying) was assessed through the Standard Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey questions. Results:Boys and girls that were categorized as fit (healthy level of CRF) showed lower traditional bullying compared to unfit counterparts. Also, a healthy level of CRF could be a protective factor of traditional bullying among overweight/obese youths compared to unfit overweight/obese peers. Conclusions:CRF is related with lower risk for experiencing traditional bullying in Latino youths with and without obesity, thus emphasizing the role of fitness even among youth with excess of adiposity.     

Comparison between two continuous performance tests for identifying ADHD: Traditional vs. virtual realityEjecución continua para la detección del TDAH: pruebas tradicionales frente a la realidad virtual

Background/Objective: Continuous Performance Tests (CPTs) have demonstrated validity when differentiating children with ADHD from healthy controls. However, these CPTs have limitations such as low ecological validity. New CPTs based on the use of Virtual Reality (VR) have appeared as supposedly improved methods for assessing ADHD. This study aims to compare the discriminant value of attentional variables produced by a VR CPT (Aula Nesplora) with that of variables from a traditional CPT (Test of Variables of Attention; TOVA) for identifying ADHD. Method: A total of 338 children aged between 6 and 16 years old (M = 10.84, SD = 3.01) participated in the study: 31.95% correspond to the inattentive presentation, 15.38% to the impulsive-hyperactive presentation, 22.78% to the combined presentation, and the remaining 29.88% correspond to children without ADHD. Results: Results indicated that Aula Nesplora predicts ADHD presentations better than TOVA. It also differentiates better between ADHD and non-ADHD students. Conclusions: These findings show the potential advantages of using virtual reality in ADHD assessment, as it facilitates the diagnosis of ADHD and the differentiation of its presentations in a realistic environment.     

Alternative Knowledges and the Future of Community Psychology: Provocations from an American Indian Healing Tradition

In the early years of this globalized century, alternative health knowledges and wellness traditions circulate faster and farther than ever before. To the degree that community psychologists seek collaboration with cultural minority and other marginalized populations in support of their collective wellbeing, such knowledges and traditions are likely to warrant attention, engagement, and support. My purpose in this article is to trace an epistemological quandary that community psychologists are ideally poised to consider at the interface of hegemonic and subjugated knowing with respect to advances in community wellbeing. To this end, I describe an American Indian knowledge tradition, its association with specific indigenous healing practices, its differentiation from therapeutic knowledge within disciplinary psychology, and the broader challenge posed by alternative health knowledges for community psychologists.     

中医学能得到学理上的合法性辩护吗？——重估中国传统医学的科学价值

医学并不简单地就是自然科学。医学的方法是综合的,利用其他任何科学的成就。中医是经验医学,而且主要是临床医学。在广义的科学概念下,可以说中医是科学。中医基本理论没有根本改变其自然哲学形态,评价中医药学应主要着眼于其实践活动,也不可忽视中医药学理论与实践的复杂关系。关注中医药学可以启发我们,知识的发展可能以多元、曲折的方式进行,重估中医药学价值既可以对医疗实践也可以对科学发展做出某种贡献。