Jung and Pauli

In his early theories of the structure of the psyche, psychic energy and psychodynamics, Jung was influenced by William James's understanding of the complementary insights of depth psychology and the discoveries of subatomic physics, and his concept of field in physics and the study of the subconscious. In his relationship with Freud, Jung initially struggled with a sexually-based drive theory. But he gradually came to conceive libido as a quantitative concept, a psychic analogue of physical energy. In their own languages, both C. G. Jung and Nobel physicist Wolfgang Pauli explored the evolution of scientific thought from the naive insights about process in alchemy through Newtonian causality, space-time theories of relativity to quantum mechanics. Jung had access to thirteen hundred of Pauli's dreams. The first four hundred were basis for his research into alchemical symbolism in a modern psyche. In a later collaboration, Pauli supported Jung's synchronicity principle as scientific, and Jung fostered Pauli's understanding of the archetypal and collective factors in the psyche. They each explored the interconnections between the energies of psyche and matter, and the possibilities of acausal order and synchronicity. Pauli's ground-breaking discoveries gave scientific demonstration of alchemical intuitions. Through him, alchemical and archetypal insights entered the discourse of physics. Through Jung, the apprehensions of microphysics entered our psychological language and thought.     

参照性交流双方学习过程与选择性注意的比较

研究以大学生为被试,采用参照性交流范式,设计虚拟学习材料并创设功能预测和维度选择任务,探查比较参照性交流双方学习过程与选择性注意特点。结果发现：与低分组比较,高分组从学习阶段2开始得分显著更高;且维度选择整体结果显著优于低分组,这主要表现在对无关维度的抑制水平显著更高。结果表明：参照性交流双方的学习过程表现出不平衡性;参照性交流双方的选择性注意整体水平表现出不平衡性,具体表现于选择性注意的集中性水平。     

The Effects of Intent,Outcome, and Causality on Moral Judgments and Decision Processes

Over the past decade, moral judgments and their underlying decision processes have more frequently been considered from a dynamic and multi-factorial perspective rather than a binary approach (e.g., dual-system processes). The agent’s intent and his or her causal role in the outcome–as well as the outcome importance–are key psychological factors that influence moral decisions, especially judgments of punishment. The current research aimed to study the influence of intent, outcome, and causality variations on moral decisions, and to identify their interaction during the decision process by embedding the moral scenarios within an adapted mouse-tracking paradigm. Findings of the preregistered study (final n = 80) revealed main effects for intent, outcome, and causality on judgments of punishment, and an interaction between the effects of intent and causality. We furthermore explored the dynamics of these effects during the decision process via the analysis of mouse trajectories in the course of time. It allowed detecting when these factors intervened during the trial time course. The present findings thus both replicate and extend previous research on moral judgment, and evidence that, despite some ongoing challenges, mouse-tracking represents a promising tool to investigate moral decision-making.     

情绪、职业数量对不同职业生涯延迟满足大学生职业决策过程的影响

为探究情绪与职业数量对不同职业生涯延迟满足个体职业决策过程的可能潜在影响,分别对40名高、低职业生涯延迟满足倾向的大学生被试诱发正、负性情绪并完成信息板技术模拟的职业决策任务。结果显示:1)高延迟满足个体的搜索深度和搜索模式显著大于低延迟满足个体;2)不同延迟满足的个体在正性情绪或低职业数量条件下都表现出更好的搜索深度和搜索模式;3)在不同情绪及职业数量条件下,高延迟满足个体在不同职业属性间的搜索更多。职业生涯延迟满足倾向作为与未来规划密切联系的概念,揭示了个体职业生涯规划对其职业决策过程可能存在的影响。     

青少年负性情绪事件性质判断偏向的情绪弹性和性别效应

研究以青少年学生为被试,采用测验和实验的方法考察了情绪弹性和性别变量对青少年在四类负性情绪事件性质的判断偏向上可能产生的影响。结果表明：（1）情绪弹性对青少年加工负性情绪事件信息时的判断偏向产生一定影响,低情绪弹性个体在面对与一般生活情境相关的负性情绪事件时,更倾向于从消极方面对事件的性质加以判断。（2）性别对青少年加工负性情绪事件信息时的判断偏向不产生实质性影响。     

团队内冲突对团队效能的影响及作用机制

冲突是团队有效运作面临的主要挑战之一。学术界关于冲突与团队效能关系的研究结论未能达成共识, 引发了关于冲突对团队效能作用机制的探讨。回顾国内外相关文献发现, 团队特征(团队情绪、多元化、团队规范与文化价值观)、团队过程(冲突管理、信任)及任务特征等因素, 对于冲突对团队效能的作用过程具有调节作用。而基于冲突原因视角探讨团队内冲突对团队效能的影响、冲突的动态性、团队新成员冲突的激活效应和冲突与团队效能关系的本土化研究等应是未来的研究方向。     

网络游戏动机的种类、影响及其作用机制

从动机的角度理解网络游戏日益受到研究者的关注。网络游戏动机的研究主要包括：(1)网络游戏动机的种类。在诸多游戏动机中, 乐趣是研究者最为关注的, 其次包括沉醉、社交、逃避、好奇和竞争等。(2)网络游戏动机的影响因素, 包括人格和网络游戏中的社会和个人互动等。(3)动机对网络游戏意向和行为的影响, 这些动机包括乐趣、社交和成就等。(4)网络游戏动机的影响机制, 包括网络游戏动机的中介作用、网络游戏动机与网络游戏行为意向之间的中介变量和调节变量。未来的研究应当关注网络游戏动机种类的分化与整合, 重视从发展心理学、动机的形成和发展过程以及情绪的角度来探讨网络游戏的动机。     

人格测验的项目反应过程与展开模型研究述评

一些研究者提出了人格测验的项目反应理想点过程假设, 并在此基础上开发了拓广等级展开模型(GGUM)用于现有人格测验的数据分析和新量表的建构, 显示出了较优势模型更优良的一些性质。不过, 现有项目反应过程的研究结果来自于大样本的调查, 缺乏实验证据的支持, GGUM也存在不适用于分析多类别人格测验数据的局限性。未来需要对GGUM进行拓展, 剔除其主观反应类别阈限对称的限定。此外, 还要重视配对格式人格测验数据分析模型的研究和开发。     

阅读障碍儿童汉字认知特点研究

运用多重评估法从760名小学3年级学生中选取了30名阅读与记字困难学生和30名正常学生为被试,分别研究了儿童视觉能力、听知觉能力和字形-音及字形义通道联结能力的识字认知特点。研究结果表明,阅读障碍儿童基本语音辩别能力不存在落后,而在视觉辨别、字形长时记忆、语音短时记忆以及形音和形义联结长时记忆上都存在程度不同的落后。研究还发现,阅读障碍儿童具有对汉字做浅层次机械加工和视觉加工的倾向。