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211.
A review of race socialization within Black families 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
212.
Augustine Nwoye 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2006,28(1):1-23
Professional family therapy in Africa is heavily influenced by theories and principles of Western family practice. Its practice
structure and philosophies are however grounded on African family values and the principles and orientations of traditional
African psychology. This paper presents a clinical report that illustrates adaptations we make to incorporate compatible aspects
of narrative family practice in African and Western cultures. A summary of African family values and child psychology intended
as a background perspective is provided. The paper is significant against the background of the current need for forging multiculturally
relevant healing methods that fit well with the globalized nature of the contemporary world.
Augustine Nwoye, PhD, is Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya (amnwoye@avu.org).
Professor. Nwoye has developed an African paradigm for mental health and, in particular, for family and couple therapy. He
also has experience in dealing with stress and multiple losses, especially surrounding HIV/AIDS within an African context.
*An earlier version of the paper was presented to the members of staff and students of the Faculty of Education, University
of Cambridge, England, UK, and the initial version was presented to the members of the Family Therapy Program of the Faculty
of Medicine of the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. I wish to thank Dr. Colleen McLaughlin (University of Cambridge)
and Professor Karl Tomm (University of Calgary) for their invitation, assistance, time, attention, and suggestions. 相似文献
213.
Mia Smith Bynum Ph.D. Beth A. Kotchick Ph.D. 《Journal of child and family studies》2006,15(5):528-541
This study investigated the role of mother-adolescent relationship quality and autonomy in the psychosocial outcomes in a sample of African American adolescents drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The results indicated that positive mother-adolescent relationship quality and greater autonomy were associated with higher self-esteem, fewer depressive symptoms, and less delinquent behavior. Moreover, adolescents who were older, female, or from households with less income reported more depressive symptoms. In addition, adolescents who were younger or female reported fewer delinquent behaviors. Being male was associated with higher self-esteem. Adolescents’ age, family income, and mother-adolescent relationship quality did not moderate relations between autonomy and the outcome variables. 相似文献
214.
《Behavior Therapy》2022,53(6):1077-1091
Black adults with anxiety and/or depressive disorders underutilize outpatient psychotherapy and pharmacological treatment compared to White adults. Notably, anxiety and depressive disorders tend to be chronic and Black individuals with these disorders experience greater functional impairment than White individuals. Documented racial disparities in mental health treatment initiation indicate a need for research that addresses culture-specific barriers to treatment. This review paper critically evaluates existing theoretical models of treatment seeking among Black adults to inform a novel integrated, culturally contextualized model. This model extends previous ones by incorporating factors relevant to treatment seeking among Black adults (e.g., racial identity, perceived discrimination, medical mistrust) and critically examines how these factors intersect with key factors at three levels of influence of the treatment seeking process: the individual level, the community level, and the societal level. We posit interactions among factors at the three levels of influence and how these may impact treatment seeking decisions among Black adults. This model informs suggestions for enhancing interventions designed to support outpatient service use among Black adults. 相似文献
215.
This qualitative study was designed to identify African American early adolescents’ subjective meanings of African American
women’s sexuality through an examination of Stephens & Phillips (2003) sexual images—the Diva, Gold Digger, Freak, Dyke, Gangster Bitch, Sister Savior, Earth Mother, and Baby Mama. These eight
sexual images both inform and reflect beliefs about African American women’s physical attractiveness. Interpersonal relationship
decision making processes also were influenced by these conceptual frameworks of African American women’s sexuality. Findings
from this study are important given the tendency of previous researchers to ignore race and intraethnic variations in studies
of beliefs about attitudes toward sexuality. 相似文献
216.
Benjamin van Gelderen Marc van Veldhoven Marcel Croon 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2007,71(3):446-459
The authors examined the relationship between psychological strain, emotional dissonance and emotional job demands during a working day of 65 Dutch (military) police officers, using a 5-day diary design. We hypothesized that emotional dissonance partly mediated the relationship between psychological strain at the start and at the end of a work shift. We also tested the mediating role of emotional dissonance between emotional job demands and psychological strain at the end of a work shift. Results of structural equation modeling analyses showed that psychological strain at the start of a work shift had a positive effect on the experience of emotional dissonance and psychological strain at the end of a work shift. Emotional dissonance partly mediated the relationship between psychological strain at the start and psychological strain at the end of a work shift. Results are discussed in light of conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, S. E. (1988). The ecology of stress. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation). 相似文献
217.
Utilization of cancer genetic risk assessment can be profoundly influenced by an individuals’ knowledge of risk assessment,
attitudes regarding illness and healthcare, and affective reactions derived from social norms. Race and ethnicity play a powerful
role in the development of an individual's attitudes and should be considered when attempting to understand a person's openness
to cancer genetic risk assessment (Lannin et al., 1998). Until recently, however, cancer screening and prevention programs have been primarily based on data from studies
conducted with the Caucasian population, yielding data that are not fully applicable to the African American community. In
the last several years, research findings regarding African American's knowledge, attitudes, and feelings about genetic counseling
and testing have grown (Matthews et al., 2000; Singer et al., 2004; Thompson et al., 2003). However, to the authors’ knowledge, these data have yet to be presented in a manner that both summarizes the barriers
that African Americans have reported regarding cancer genetic risk assessment, while at the same time suggesting methods individual
genetic counselors can utilize during community presentations to help address these barriers. This article will first summarize
previous empirical findings regarding African Americans’ knowledge, attitudes, and feelings about cancer genetic risk assessment.
The article will then apply adult learning theory to those findings to provide genetic counselors with practical, theory based
techniques to apply toward community based educational programs with African American groups. 相似文献
218.
Marlys Staudt 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(2):183-196
The high rates of dropping out and other engagement problems are significant concerns in the delivery of mental health and
adjunct services to the families of at-risk children. Consequently, researchers have examined the correlates of attrition
and have developed interventions to increase engagement and retention. However, the lack of a clear definition of engagement
and gaps in theory about the relationship of engagement to other treatment processes hinder knowledge development. In this
paper the behavioral and attitudinal aspects of engagement are disentangled. Current knowledge about treatment barriers and
interventions to increase appointment keeping is summarized. A preliminary conceptualization of the engagement process is
presented and research needs and practice implications are discussed. 相似文献
219.
Daphna Oyserman Ayse K. Uskul Nicholas Yoder Randy M. Nesse David R. Williams 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2007,43(3):505-512
Ample correlational evidence exists that perceived unfair treatment is negatively related to well-being, health, and goal striving but the underlying process is unclear. We hypothesized that effects are due in part to contextual priming of prevention focus and the negative consequences of chronic prevention-focused vigilance. Indeed, reasonable responses to unfair treatment—to avoid situations in which it occurs or if this is not possible, confront it head on—fit prevention self-regulatory focus response patterns. Results from three experiments support this notion. Priming stigmatized social category membership heightened students’ prevention (not promotion) focus (n = 117). Priming non-stigmatized social category membership (i.e., white) did not change prevention focus (n = 46). Priming prevention (not promotion) increased perceptions of unfair treatment (and aroused prevention-relevant fight or flight responses) in response to a negative ambiguous job situation among low and moderate income adults (n = 112). 相似文献
220.
The theme of love has long been neglected in studies on African myths. The often-heard explanation is that African myths and folktales do not tell stories about love because they primarily express social interests and obligations while love – intended as both emotional imperative and biological drive – is an individual need and feeling. This latter definition relies on a very specific understanding of ‘love’: the Romantic love of 19th century European novels. This paper argues that when love means attraction, affection, passion, and necessity, it turns up as liaisons dangereuses in many African narratives. Love becomes a driving force that generates gender constructions by reinforcing the unity of the couple or by fuelling the struggle between partners.In the case of Kabyle narratives (Algeria),1 conceptualisations of love as well as the relationships between myths and folktales are explored by analyzing formula tales2 and the only known collection of Kabyle Berber myths: those collected by Leo Frobenius, ethnologist and historian of religion, at the beginning of the 20th century and published in the first volume of his Volksmärchen der Kabylen in 1921.The discussion of the relationship between Kabyle myths and folktales touches upon a well-known interpretative problem in the study of religion: the articulation of myth and ritual with history as communities respond to sweeping social, political, and religious changes, such as the coming of Islam, colonization, decolonization, and globalization. 相似文献