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991.
情绪性工作的研究现状 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
情绪性工作是为表达组织所期待的情绪所做出的心理调节加工,是制约工作绩效高低和组织目标达成的重要因素。该文在介绍情绪性工作的涵义、特征的基础上,从规则的效度、表达的类型、调节的策略、理论的模型以及工作的后效等方面,介绍了当前情绪性工作的研究现状。 相似文献
992.
欧洲社会心理学的成长历程 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
论文以学科制度化过程和学科理智演化为分析视角 ,概要研究欧洲社会心理学的成长历程。论文结论是 :经过近 40年的不懈努力 ,欧洲社会心理学 ,已经成功地解构美国社会心理学的主宰地位 ,并和美国社会心理学一起 ,建构国际社会心理学新的研究范式。 相似文献
993.
The potential role of social support for the adolescent offspring of psychiatric patients has hitherto not been examined.
We examined whether the adolescent's level of psychiatric symptoms is dependent on the content and the function of social
support (whether direct or moderating), controlling for perceived stress. In a cross-sectional design, 40 adolescents (11–18
yrs) with a parent exhibiting an affective or personality disorder were given several questionnaires, including the Youth
Self Report (Achenbach), a Social Support Inventory, and the MUSIC, an inventory assessing perceived emotional and physiological
stress reactions. The social support inventory consisted of three subscales to assess the positive and negative perception
of social support, and the discrepancy between demand and supply of social support. The mentally-ill parents were given the
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses. Analyses showed that
perceived stress and negative social support predicted the adolescent's level of psychiatric symptoms, and that social support
served as a direct effect, and was independent of parental GHQ score. Results are discussed and the presently under-utilized
potential of social support for this population at risk is highlighted as something warranting increased attention both in
terms of research and practical preventative steps. 相似文献
994.
We tested the efficacy of a social skills training program for the parents of school-aged children experiencing socio-emotional
problems. Participating families (N = 42) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: parent social skills training; parent plus parallel child social
skills training; or no-treatment control. The two treatment groups did not differ on any of the outcome measures. Treatment
was associated with improvements in parent and child social skills knowledge, parent social problem solving, and child emotional
functioning. In follow-up analyses examining mechanisms of change, parental attendance and change in child social skills knowledge
predicted response to treatment. Overall, our results highlight the utility of engaging parents as primary participants in
the treatment of children’s socio-emotional problems and suggest methods for maximizing the impact of such an intervention. 相似文献
995.
Michael Macht Marcia Smith Pasqualini Pille Taba 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(2):165-176
Three patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) were treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): a
43-year-old woman suffering from depression and social anxiety, a 45-year-old man with sexual problems and maladaptive coping
strategies, and a 78-year-old man with freezing of gait. On the basis of functional analyses, interventions were selected,
including cognitive methods, social skills training, paradoxical instructions and strategies to improve management of freezing.
The interventions were related to improved adaptation to motor impairments and better ability to cope with the disease. These
case presentations suggest that CBT can improve quality of life in PD by modifying maladaptive cognitive, emotional and behavioral
reactions to the disease and its symptoms. 相似文献
996.
Keith Breen 《Res Publica》2007,13(4):381-414
This article argues that productive work represents a mode of human flourishing unfortunately neglected in much current political
theorizing. Focusing on Habermasian critical theory, I contend that Habermas’s dualist theory of society, with its underpinning
distinction between communicative and instrumental reason, excludes work and the economy from ethical reflection. To avoid
this uncritical turn, we need a concept of work that retains a core emancipatory referent. This, I claim, is provided by Alasdair
MacIntyre’s notion of ‹practice’. The notion of ‹practice’ is␣significant in suggesting an alternative conception of human
productivity that is neither purely instrumental nor purely communicative, but rather both simultaneously: a form of activity
which issues in material products and yet presumes a community of workers engaged in intersubjective self-transformation.
However, we can endorse MacIntyre’s notion of ‹practice’ only if we reject his totalizing anti-modernism and insist on the
emancipatory potentialities of modern institutions. 相似文献
997.
Line LeBlanc Raymond Swisher Frank Vitaro Richard E. Tremblay 《Social Psychology of Education》2007,10(4):429-442
Using longitudinal and cross-sectional data, the present research sought to identify school social climate predictors of teachers’
perceptions of classroom behavior problems. The social climate and classroom behavior in 107 public and private French speaking
Canadian high schools was evaluated by 1399 teachers. The present analysis is unique in its ability to control for school
differences in the enrollment of students with a history of problem behavior. As hypothesized, between-school variation in
the proportion of students with histories of disruptive problems predicted high school classroom behavior problems. Moreover,
when controlling for these between-school differences, concurrently measured school-level variables (type of school, location
of school, and academic emphasis) are found to be significant predictors of classroom behavior problems. The theoretical and
practical implications of the present findings are examined and recommendations are made for future research. 相似文献
998.
The present study asked whether capuchin monkeys recognize human attentional states. The monkeys requested food from the experimenter
by extending an arm (pointing) toward the baited one of two transparent cups. On regular trials the experimenter gave the
food immediately to the monkeys upon pointing but on randomly inserted test trials she ignored the pointing for 5 s during
which she displayed different attentional states. The monkeys looked at the experimenter's face longer when she looked at
the monkeys than when she looked at the ceiling in Experiment 1, and longer when she oriented her head midway between the
two cups with eyes open than when she did so with eyes closed in Experiment 2. However, the monkeys showed no differential
pointing in these conditions. These results suggest that capuchins are sensitive to eye direction but this sensitivity does
not lead to differential pointing trained in laboratory experiments. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first firm
behavioral evidence that non-human primates attend to the subtle states of eyes in a food requesting task. 相似文献
999.
Ward A 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2007,28(6):465-485
The goal of research in social epidemiology is not simply conceptual clarification or theoretical understanding, but more
importantly it is to contribute to, and enhance the health of populations (and so, too, the people who constitute those populations).
Undoubtedly, understanding how various individual risk factors such as smoking and obesity affect the health of people does
contribute to this goal. However, what is distinctive of much on-going work in social epidemiology is the view that analyses
making use of individual-level variables is not enough. In the spirit of Durkheim and Weber, S. Leonard Syme makes this point
by writing that just “as bad water and food may be harmful to our health, unhealthful forces in our society may be detrimental
to our capacity to make choices and to form opinions” conducive to health and well-being. Advocates of upstream (distal) causes
of adverse health outcomes propose to identify the most important of these “unhealthful forces” as the fundamental causes
of adverse health outcomes. However, without a clear, theoretically precise and well-grounded understanding of the characteristics
of fundamental causes, there is little hope in applying the statistical tools of the health sciences to hypotheses about fundamental
causes, their outcomes, and policies intended to enhance the health of populations. This paper begins the process of characterizing
the social epidemiological concept of fundamental cause in a theoretically respectable and robust way.
相似文献
Andrew WardEmail: |
1000.
This article explores the importance attached to social class by experienced practitioners taking part in a co‐operative inquiry group. A review of the literature from the last thirty years indicates that there is very little research on class in relation to counselling and psychotherapy reported in the UK. Both authors position themselves as coming from working class origins. Nine co‐researchers from both middle and working class origins joined the group. Eight meetings took place over a period of nine months. Extracts from the group's discussions are represented and integrated with ‘presentational knowing’ drawn from contemporary culture, including poetry and popular music. This study suggests that social class is a neglected aspect of diversity in the counselling field. Implications of the study have relevance for the language of counselling and psychotherapy and class based values; social class and its impact on initial education; and ongoing counselling practice and access to therapy for working class people. 相似文献