基于PLS-SEM的高校创业教育学生满意度模型研究

在高等教育学生满意度模型基础上,构建了高校创业教育学生满意度模型,利用天津市两所创业教育典型高校2052名已参与创业教育项目学生的问卷调查结果,采用PLS-SEM方法进行了实证分析,结果显示：学生期望、质量感知、价值感知对学生满意度均有直接且正向的影响,学生满意度对学生忠诚有直接且正向的影响;学校形象对于高校创业教育学生满意度没有直接影响,而是通过学生期望产生间接影响;学生满意度直接正向影响学生忠诚。学生满意度主要源自两方面：一是学生期望和质量感知产生的直接效用,二是学生期望通过影响质量感知和价值感知而产生的间接效用。根据研究结论,对提高高校创业教育质量提出了建议。     

Extension of caution indices to mixed-format tests

Tatsuoka suggested several extended caution indices and their standardized versions, and these have been used as person-fit statistics by various researchers. However, these indices are only defined for tests with dichotomous items. This paper extends two of the popular standardized extended caution indices for use with polytomous items and mixed-format tests. Two additional new person-fit statistics are obtained by applying the asymptotic standardization of person-fit statistics for mixed-format tests. Detailed simulations are then performed to compute the Type I error rate and power of the four new person-fit statistics. Two real data illustrations follow. The new person-fit statistics appear to be satisfactory tools for assessing person fit for polytomous items and mixed-format tests.     

Male physical attractiveness in Britain and Malaysia: A cross-cultural study

Three purported cues to perceived male physical attractiveness are the waist-to-chest ratio (WCR), body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). This study examined the relative contribution of each cue in several socio-economically distinct populations. Ninety-five female participants from Britain and Malaysia were asked to rate a set of images of real men with known WCR, BMI and WHR. The results showed clear differences along a gradient of socio-economic development. In urban settings, WCR was the primary component of attractiveness ratings, with BMI playing a smaller role and WHR not reaching significance. In the rural setting, BMI was the primary predictor of attractiveness, with WCR playing a more minor role and WHR not reaching significance. In general, urban participants were more reliant on body shape and chose a relatively slim figure with an ‘inverted triangle’ shape; rural participants were more reliant on body weight and chose a heavier figure with a less triangular shape. These findings are discussed in terms of evolutionary psychological explanations of mate selection and sociological theories that emphasise the effect of resource scarcity on preferences for body shapes and sizes.     

汉字笔迹与个性测评研究

本文采用汉字笔迹测量法和80－8神经类型量表法对大、中、小学生共计2153人进行了团体测验,各项测量指标所得到的数据,经统计检验,其主要结论如下：1．笔迹特征表现为年龄越小,以直笔、重笔、慢速、光边占的比例越大,13岁以后,笔迹特征出现明显分化,这表明,个性在13、14岁年龄阶段开始加速形成与发展．2．笔迹书写形式、书写速度、书写压力及稳定性等心理特征指标与其神经类型特征有密切的关系．3．根据笔迹书写形式、速度、压力及稳定性等基本特征指标的不同组合,划分为8种气质类型,并在实际应用中获得较为满意的效果．     

城市老年人社会支持网络与生活满意度的研究

本研究采用自编的社会支持网络调查表对上海市96位老人进行了调查，试图了解城市老年人社会支持的基本情况及其对生活满意度的影响。结果表明：（1）城市老年人社会支持网络得分为85．87±8．56（x±s）；（2）社会支持网络得分与生活满意度之间存在极其显著的正相关；（3）在各因素水平中，社会机构的支持对老年人生活满意度的影响最大，子女支持的影响次之，配偶支持的影响最小；情感支持的影响作用大于认知支持和行为支持。     

用层级相合性指标探测反应数据中噪音大小

不同的认知诊断模型（CDM）对反应数据中噪音的抗干扰能力不同,在评估CDM性能的模拟实验中,反应数据中所含噪音的大小是十分重要的实验条件。由于噪音的内隐性,为应用中选用相应的CDM带来困难。本文在认知模型已知条件下,欲使用MHCI和NHCI指标评估认知诊断测验的反应数据（0, 1评分）中噪音的大小。模拟实验表明,两指标与噪音存在明显的统计规律。尤其是以NHCI为主要自变量对噪音进行预测的回归方程中,回归模型解释率均接近90%;以此实现对噪音的有效预测,从而为选择CDM提供一个参考。     

Sequence-sensitive exemplar and decision-bound accounts of speeded-classification performance in a modified Garner-tasks paradigm

Among the most fundamental results in the area of perceptual classification are the “correlated facilitation” and “filtering interference” effects observed in Garner’s (1974) speeded categorization tasks: In the case of integral-dimension stimuli, relative to a control task, single-dimension classification is faster when there is correlated variation along a second dimension, but slower when there is orthogonal variation that cannot be filtered out (e.g., by attention). These fundamental effects may result from participants’ use of a trial-by-trial bypass strategy in the control and correlated tasks: The observer changes the previous category response whenever the stimulus changes, and maintains responses if the stimulus repeats. Here we conduct modified versions of the Garner tasks that eliminate the availability of a pure bypass strategy. The fundamental facilitation and interference effects remain, but are still largely explainable in terms of pronounced sequential effects in all tasks. We develop sequence-sensitive versions of exemplar-retrieval and decision-bound models aimed at capturing the detailed, trial-by-trial response-time distribution data. The models combine assumptions involving: (i) strengthened perceptual/memory representations of stimuli that repeat across consecutive trials, and (ii) a bias to change category responses on trials in which the stimulus changes. These models can predict our observed effects and provide a more complete account of the underlying bases of performance in our modified Garner tasks.     

Story Perspective and Character Similarity as Drivers of Identification and Narrative Persuasion

Identification with a character is an important mechanism of narrative persuasion. In 2 studies, the impact of character similarity on identification was pitted against that of story perspective. Participants read stories in which a lawyer (Study 1) and a general practitioner (GP; Study 2) had a conflict with another character. Perspective was manipulated by describing the events as experienced and narrated by the lawyer (GP) or their opponent. In Study 1 (N = 120), 60 participants were law students, in Study 2 (N = 120) 60 were medical students. Both perspective and program of study influenced identification, which mediated the impact of perspective on attitude. If participants felt highly similar to the professional's opponent, the mediating effect of identification was blocked.     

Poverty,ethnicity, and risk of obesity among low birth weight infants

The independent and joint effects of family and neighborhood poverty and ethnicity upon weight trajectories from age two to six-and-a-half were examined using data from the Infant Health and Development Program (N = 985), an early intervention program for low birth weight children and families. At age two, family poverty was associated with higher body mass index (BMI), whereas neighborhood poverty and ethnicity were not. Over time, the BMI of toddlers from poor and near poor neighborhoods increased nonlinearly, while those from nonpoor neighborhoods remained stable. BMIs of Hispanic-American toddlers increased steadily over time, unlike African-American and Anglo-American toddlers. Although initially similar, over time African-American toddlers' BMIs increased more rapidly than Anglo-American toddlers. Family and neighborhood poverty and ethnicity were associated with BMI. More work is needed on how poverty and ethnicity contribute to differences in early weight gain in conjunction with sociocultural and environmental factors in the home and community.     

不同性．别的非吸烟COPD患者肺功能和疾病严重程度的比较

比较不同性别的非吸烟的COPD患者的肺功能和疾病严重程度。选择承德医学院附属医院门诊就诊的非吸烟的稳定期COPD患者93例,其中男性34例,女性59例。对两组患者的肺通气功能和弥散功能,过去一年的急性加重次数、改良的呼吸困难评分及疾病严重程度进行比较。非吸烟的COPD患者男性组和女性组在FEVl％pred,FVC％pred,PEF％pred,FEF25—75％pred,FEF25％pred,FEF75％pred,DOSE评分方面比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;在DL—CO％pred和Raw％pred方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。非吸烟的女性COPD患者较男性COPD患者肺通气功能和小气道功能差,疾病严重程度重,可能与女性患者对生物燃料、空气污染等危险因素易感有关。