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431.
Marked changes have occurred in the conceptualization and treatment of Erectile Dysfunction (ED) in the past two decades. Emphasis has shifted to the role of biomedical and organic factors using medical and surgical interventions in the etiology of sexual dysfunction, deemphasizing the quality of the overall couple relationship. However, by using only a medical approach, the couple is left with balancing the positive and negative facets of a considerably different relationship with sex now in their lives and their relationship. This paper is Part I of a two part article on erectile dysfunction. Part I presents information on the bio-medical factors that may be related to ED and the medical model treatment approaches. Part II presents information on the psychological and systemic issues that may be related to erectile dysfunction, encouraging the use of a combined-constructionist framework. 相似文献
432.
The purpose of this exploratory research was to review, update, and revise Havighurst’s classic social role studies for their relevance in contemporary society. Based on the input of expert panels, 13 roles, Association/Club Member, Citizen, Daughter/Son, Friend, Grandparent, Home/Services Manager, Kin/Relative, Learner, Leisure Time Consumer, Parent, Religious Affiliate, Spouse/Partner, and Worker, were incorporated into an instrument to assess social role importance. The instrument was administered to a stratified, quota sample of 300 respondents. Univariate repeated-measures analysis and Dunn’s test for multiple comparisons were conducted. Perceived social role importance ratings were established for age, gender, and socio-economic status (SES) groupings. The Friend role and a cluster of family-associated roles received the highest overall ratings. Many roles appeared to have a distinct age-related factor. SES differences, particularly among the lowest level, were also significant in many roles. 相似文献
433.
Ling Shi 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2006,4(1-4):205-220
This paper reports an instructor and her students’ experiences with ethics in conducting action research in a university teacher-training
class. The nature of educational action research suggests the dual roles of the instructor and students, the former as both
a researcher and a practitioner, and the latter as both research participants and learners. However, in following an ethics
procedure to allow students to opt out of the research project anonymously but, at the same time, not to deny their access
to learning opportunities, both the instructor and students experienced tensions as they tried to separate and switch roles
for research and teaching/learning. Instead of benefiting from the research to explore and reflect on learning, many students
complained about their sense of being used as research participants. The article suggests new ethics review procedures to
support and help action research to generate valuable results in teaching and learning. 相似文献
434.
Shelley M. MacDermid Laura G. De Haan Gabriela Heilbrun 《Journal of Adult Development》1996,3(3):145-158
Interest in the Eriksonian notion of generativity and its role in the lives of mature adults has recently increased. In the
present study, we examined generativity separately in the roles of wife, worker, and mother, and examined the utility of our
strategy relative to more global measurement strategies in explaining variation in well-being. Two samples of employed mothers
were studied, one sample employed in private industry and the other in a university setting. Statistical analyses demonstrated
that measurement equivalence existed across the two samples (i.e., that the patterns and magnitudes of factor loadings did
not differ significantly). For 8 of 11 indices of well-being examined across the two samples, role-specific measures of generativity
explained significantly greater variation than did global measures. 相似文献
435.
Advances in DNA technology are leading to major developments in nursing practice in clinical genetics, including the creation of new roles for nurses who care for people with genetic conditions. Application of genetic information and testing is moving genetics into the mainstream of health care. Therefore, it is anticipated that nurses in all areas of practice will become involved in the provision of information about genetic testing and assisting individuals and families in decision making and adjustment to new genetic information. This article provides an overview of the profession of nursing which may be useful to genetic counselors in the development of collaborative relationships between the two professions. 相似文献
436.
We hypothesized that the degree to which middl-aged mothers are identity-achieved is related both to their well-being and their generativity. A unique feature of this research is the examination of identity and generativity separately in the context of specific role domains. Although midlife women reported significantly lower moratorium and higher diffusion than did college women, reports of identity achievement did not differ between the two samples. Identity achievement was, however, more consistently associated with midlife women's positive well-being than foreclosure, moratorium, or diffusion. While global measures of identity and generativity were not related, significant relationships were observed when identity and generativity were measured separately in the context of specific role domains. 相似文献
437.
Roberto Colom María ngeles Quiroga Manuel Juan-Espinosa 《Personality and individual differences》1999,27(6):9
Sex differences in cognitive abilities were determined using the norms from two standardizations of the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) and the Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) conducted between 1979 and 1995 in Spain. The standardized sex differences (ds) were computed separately for the DAT and the PMA subscales. Males scored higher in the DAT subscales Verbal Reasoning, Numerical Ability, Spatial Relations and Mechanical Reasoning, as well as in the PMA subscales Numerical Ability and Mental Rotation. Females scored higher in Inductive Reasoning (PMA-R) in the 1979 and 1995 standardizations. Taken together, these data do not support the hypothesis that cognitive sex differences are disappearing: there are still some differences favoring females and still some differences favoring males. 相似文献
438.
This study was designed to investigate work–family attitudes among emerging adults. Participants were 46 male and 49 female
college juniors and seniors. Men and women had similar levels of work and family commitment. For women there was a negative
correlation between work and family commitment. Exploratory analyses indicated different relationships between work decision-making
status and commitment and family decision-making status and commitment. In addition, whereas men were more likely than women
not yet to have thought about family roles, women were more likely than men to have decided about family roles. Implications of these findings for our understanding of the processes and meanings of emerging adult
men's and women's decisions about entry into and commitment toward work and family roles are discussed.
Although earlier literature employs the term “young adults” to refer to individuals in the emerging adult stage of development,
for the sake of consistency we use the term “emerging adults” throughout this article. 相似文献
439.
Enrique Chaux 《Aggressive behavior》2005,31(1):40-55
Research on children's peer conflicts has focused almost exclusively on the conflicts' main parties. This study investigated the role played by third parties of those conflicts. During interviews, 56 participants (ages 8.0 to 14.5) living in poor and violent neighborhoods in urban Colombia narrated 128 recent conflicts they had with, or observed among, peers. Third parties were present in 73%, and actively involved in 65%, of the conflicts. Most commonly, peers supported one side, teachers used repressive means to promote settlements, and parents took over their children's conflicts. Virtually all the participants mentioned ways of promoting a settlement, but only a fraction used them in actual conflicts. Mediation was absent among peer or adult third parties. Third parties' emotions were less intense than those of main parties, suggesting that it might be easier for bystanders to use cognitive capacities acquired through educational interventions promoting peaceful relationships. Aggr. Behav. 31:40–55, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
440.
The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) is a widely used instrument for measuring gender role perceptions, but questions have been raised regarding whether its items reflect contemporary views on gender. A recent study (Holt & Ellis, 1998) revalidated all but 2 of the 40 adjectives included in the masculine and feminine BSRI indices for a predominantly European American undergraduate sample in a rural Southern town. We examined whether European Americans in a different geographical area and 2 samples of African Americans would show similar findings. Study participants were recruited in undergraduate management courses in 2 universities and included 62 European American women, 69 European American men, 40 African American women, and 31 African American men in a large Northeastern city and 56 African American women and 33 African American men in a small Southern city. Findings indicated that European American men in the urban Northeast and African American men in the South gave the most traditional ratings, whereas European American women in the urban Northeast expressed the most liberal views. European American women considered only 4 of the 40 BSRI items to be differentially desirable for women and men, a considerable departure from the findings of Holt and Ellis (1998) as well as Bem (1974). 相似文献