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151.
Christa Salamandra 《Contemporary Islam》2008,2(3):177-189
Dramatic television serials produced in Syria reach vast audiences in the Arab world and beyond, via a growing number of pan-Arab
satellite stations owned by wealthy, religiously conservative Gulf Cooperation Council states and citizens. Drama creators
must now accommodate new markets and numerous censors. Privatization and the rise of a star system have spurred transformations
within the industry that reflect the wider social and political context. The demise of Ba‘th socialism, the failures of nationalism,
and the growing strength of Islamism affect both production and consumption of television programs, and transform relations
within the industry. This paper explores how the television drama industry both accommodates and resists the Islamist currents
that seek to provide alternatives to discredited nationalist and socialist projects.
相似文献
Christa SalamandraEmail: |
152.
Stone A 《Cognition》2008,108(3):874-880
The Burton, Bruce and Johnston [Burton, A. M., Bruce, V., & Johnston, R. A. (1990). Understanding face recognition with an interactive activation model. British Journal of Psychology, 81, 361-380] model of person recognition proposes that representations of known persons are connected by shared semantic attributes. This predicts that priming should be observed between persons from the same category, e.g. famous persons with the same occupation. Empirical investigations to date have produced mixed results, and comparison of methods suggests that priming based on shared occupation may have been suppressed by the presence of prime-target pairs representing a stronger relationship of close association. In the present experiment, 72 participants performed a familiarity decision to famous names preceded by close associates or members of the same occupational category. As predicted, categorical priming was observed in the group of participants for whom the same occupation prime-target pairs were presented before the close-associate pairs, but not in the group for whom the two types of relationship were intermixed. Associate priming was significant in both groups. These results are attributed to differing levels of processing of the primes, invoked by participants' observation of the most salient prime-target relationship. 相似文献
153.
Faceted Thesauri 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The basic elements of faceted thesauri are described, together with a review of their origins and some prominent examples.
Their use in browsing and searching applications is discussed. Faceted thesauri are distinguished from faceted classification
schemes, while acknowledging the close similarities. The paper concludes by comparing faceted thesauri and related knowledge
organization systems to ontologies and discussing appropriate areas of use. 相似文献
154.
Maeve Cooke 《International Journal for Philosophy of Religion》2006,60(1-3):187-207
The article considers Jürgen Habermas’s views on the relationship between postmetaphysical philosophy and religion. It outlines
Habermas’s shift from his earlier, apparently dismissive attitude towards religion to his presently more receptive stance.
This more receptive stance is evident in his recent emphasis on critical engagement with the semantic contents of religion
and may be characterized by two interrelated theses: (a) the view that religious contributions should be included in political
deliberations in the informally organized public spheres of contemporary democracies, though translated into a secular language
for the purposes of legislation and formal decision making and (b) the view that postmetaphysical philosophy should seek to
salvage the semantic contents of religious traditions in order to supply the evocative images, exemplary figures, and inspirational
narratives it needs for its social and political projects. With regard to (a), it argues that the translation requirement
impairs the political autonomy of religious believers and other metaphysically inclined citizens, suggesting that this difficulty
could be alleviated by making a distinction between epistemologically authoritarian and non-authoritarian religious beliefs.
With regard to (b), it argues that the salvaging operation is not as straightforward as Habermas seems to suppose and that
social and political philosophy may not be able to tap the semantic power of religious traditions without relying on metaphysical
assumptions; it concludes that, here, too, a distinction between authoritarian and non-authoritarian approaches to knowledge
and validity may be useful. 相似文献
155.
156.
Words become associated following repeated co-occurrence episodes. This process might be further determined by the semantic characteristics of the words. The present study focused on how semantic and episodic factors interact in incidental formation of word associations. First, we found that human participants associate semantically related words more easily than unrelated words; this advantage increased linearly with repeated co-occurrence. Second, we developed a computational model, SEMANT, suggesting a possible mechanism for this semantic-episodic interaction. In SEMANT, episodic associations are implemented through lateral connections between nodes in a pre-existent self-organized map of word semantics. These connections are strengthened at each instance of concomitant activation, proportionally with the amount of the overlapping activity waves of activated nodes. In computer simulations SEMANT replicated the dynamics of associative learning in humans and led to testable predictions concerning normal associative learning as well as impaired learning in a diffuse semantic system like that characteristic of schizophrenia. 相似文献
157.
This study examined the effect of emotional stimuli on 3- to 4-year old children's flexible rule use, as measured by the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS). In Experiment 1, children in two countries (Canada and China) were given 2 versions of the DCCS. The Standard version required children to sort red and blue boats and rabbits first by shape and then by color (or vice versa); the Emotional Faces version required children to sort happy and sad male and female faces first by emotion and then by gender (or vice versa). Children performed significantly better on the Emotional Faces version, and performance on the 2 versions was related. Order in which dimensions were presented had no effect. Experiment 2 examined which aspects of the emotional faces were responsible for the facilitation of children's performance. Performance on the Standard version was compared to performance on three contextual faces versions, in which children were shown happy, sad, or neutral faces and required to sort them by age (child versus adult) and then by gender (or vice versa). Facilitation was only seen in the context of happy faces. Results are consistent with the suggestion that positive stimuli promote cognitive flexibility, perhaps by increasing dopamine levels in prefrontal cortex. 相似文献
158.
Sturt P 《Cognition》2007,105(2):477-488
Participant's eye-movements were recorded while they read locally ambiguous sentences. Evidence for processing difficulty was found when the interpretation of the initially preferred misanalysis clashed with that of the globally correct analysis, demonstrating the persistence of the earlier interpretation. Processing difficulty associated with the syntactic reanalysis was largely localised to the disambiguating region, with difficulty due to semantic persistence occurring later. The results show that semantic persistence is not limited to extreme cases of parse failure, and can occur even when reanalysis is relatively straightforward. 相似文献
159.
This study examined whether singular/plural marking in a language helps children learn the meanings of the words 'one,' 'two,' and 'three.' First, CHILDES data in English, Russian (which marks singular/plural), and Japanese (which does not) were compared for frequency, variability, and contexts of number-word use. Then young children in the USA, Russia, and Japan were tested on Counting and Give-N tasks. More English and Russian learners knew the meaning of each number word than Japanese learners, regardless of whether singular/plural cues appeared in the task itself (e.g., "Give two apples" vs. "Give two"). These results suggest that the learning of "one," "two" and "three" is supported by the conceptual framework of grammatical number, rather than that of integers. 相似文献
160.
Ligia M. Chavez Leida Matías-Carrelo Concepcion Barrio Glorisa Canino 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(1):72-86
We reviewed the Spanish translation of the Youth Quality of Life Instrument-Research Version (YQOL-R) and culturally adapted
the measure with Puerto Rican and Mexican American children and adolescents. The YQOL-R is a self-reported measure that includes
four domains: Sense of Self, Social Relationships, Environment, and General Quality of Life. A total of 10 focus groups were
conducted with children aged 9 to 11, adolescents aged 12 to 17, their parents, and mental health providers. Five focus groups
were conducted in San Diego, California and five in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Eligible participants were recruited from children’s
outpatient psychiatry clinics. We followed an iterative and recursive process in reviewing changes and modifications to the
instrument using a bilingual committee and a Multi National Bilingual Committee. Greater semantic, content, and technical
equivalence of the Spanish and English versions for the YQOL-R was achieved for the two largest U.S. Latino subgroups: Mexican
Americans and Puerto Ricans. The cultural adaptation process revealed several important issues regarding the measurement of
quality of life in different age groups. Additional items for school, relationships (both family and friends) and spare time
suggested the need for a future children’s version of the instrument. For the adolescents, additional items were suggested
in the areas of sexuality, intergenerational conflict and acculturative stress. 相似文献