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71.
Homeless individuals undergoing treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) can pose clinical challenges. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been observed in the most difficult clients. The study sample consisted of 51 homeless individuals, 9 women and 42 men, undergoing consultation for SUD in Montreal. The mean age was 46 years (SD = 7.19). Of the sample, 49% had a potential PTSD diagnosis. Most participants had the following characteristics: an alcoholic parent, a history of an early trauma, and little social support. The participants with a potential PTSD diagnosis were significantly more likely to have had an alcoholic parent, to have experienced an early trauma, and to use more maladaptive coping strategies. The study results and limits are discussed. 相似文献
72.
《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2013,22(2):105-140
Summary This article explores the reasons for victim recantation in child sexual abuse cases, problems that surface with a recantation, and practical steps multidisciplinary professionals can take to prevent the recantation of truthful allegations. Secondly, the article discusses the roles of investigative team members in the investigation and evaluation of a victim's recantation and in the trial which may follow. Finally, the article addresses possible final outcomes of criminal court intervention and the team's role in continued support for the child. 相似文献
73.
Ali Eryilmaz 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(7):680-689
The present study aims to focus on the strategies adopted by adults in seeking ways to increase happiness in their daily life and to determine whether or not significant differences exist between happiness levels in adults at the very beginning and the end of a four-month period. Sixty-eight adults who were found eligible were included in this study. The research method is of a mixed type. The distinguishing feature of this study is the experience sampling method employed. Positive–Negative Affect and Satisfaction with Life Scales, an experience sampling data form and a personal information form were used in the study. The study results show that adults adopt various strategies in order to get rid of their unhappiness and increase their happiness in three contexts. No statistical significance could be determined between the measurements achieved at the beginning and at the end of the study into the happiness of the participants. 相似文献
74.
Scholars have identified the many stories in the Bible that are oppressive to women or other minoritized groups. It is remarkable how common it is that North American undergraduate students remain blind to the oppression that is depicted and that is too often the result of commonly accepted interpretations of these texts. Three brief essays collected here, originally presented as part of a panel at the Society of Biblical Literature annual meeting (Atlanta, 2010), present various teaching strategies for exposing the oppressive elements in the biblical text and showing how the oppression operates (an aspect of ideological criticism). What are good strategies for communicating these hard points to students in a way they can hear them and work with them? Why is this important to do? 相似文献
75.
Tlakale Nareadi Phasha 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2013,23(2):243-251
This study reports on my fieldwork experiences applying qualitative research strategies to study child sexual abuse in South Africa. It considers the challenges associated with, at three stages of data collection: ethical clearance, recruitment and data collection, followed by possible solutions. The study also considers the challenges from ethical and epistemological perspectives. I used a reflective self-study to analyse my experiences. My experiences revealed the following challenges: ethical process due to reasons not linked to the content of the research process would cause delays to the field-work. In addition, the use of [formal institutions] welfare institutions as sole research sites would result in a homogenous sample that does not permit comparison of experiences among the abuse cases. The costs to the researcher in terms of emotional and physical investment can be significant. 相似文献
76.
《The journal of positive psychology》2013,8(3):234-236
No research to date has supported the ‘social contagion’ effect of laughter and smiles in a non-Western context, nor among children. Expressions of positive affect were here compared according to social and non-social conditions among 163 children between the ages of 5–12 while playing in a park in Afghanistan. Independent observers coded laugh and smile responses using published criteria and identified 147 laugh responses and 697 smile responses. Children in the social play condition demonstrated significantly more laughs than children in the non-social play condition, and the number of peer observers present in the social play condition significantly increased the number of participant smile responses, but not laugh responses. Findings supported the idea in Western research that laughter and smiles may function in moderating social relationships and communicating affect. The authors recommend future research to investigate the relationship between positive affect and well-being across cultures, with consideration for practical interventions. 相似文献
77.
Justyna Olszewska Joanna Ulatowska 《Advances in cognitive psychology / University of Finance and Management in Warsaw》2013,9(1):44-52
The present research investigated memory vulnerability to distortions. Different
encoding strategies were used when categorized lists were studied. The authors
assumed that an imagery strategy would be responsible for decreasing false
memories more than a word-whispering strategy, which is consistent with the
model of semantic access and previous research in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott
paradigm (the DRM paradigm; Deese, 1959;
Roediger & McDermott, 1995). A
normative study of category lists and 4 experiments were conducted to verify the
memory vulnerability to different encoding strategies (imagery, word-whispering,
control). Half of subjects recalled and half recognized previously studied
words. The results revealed a marked reduction in false recognition and recall
after imagery encoding, relative to after word-whispering encoding. 相似文献
78.
采用问卷法考察了268名中学教师在厌学、退缩行为、自我中心、攻击性行为和考试焦虑五种问题情境下教师对处理学生心理健康问题的策略有效性和使用可能性的评定以及性别、教龄因素对教师评定策略有效性的影响。结果表明:(1)中学教师处理学生心理健康问题策略具有情境性,教师对处理学生心理健康问题的策略的有效性的认可和真正在具体情境中采取的策略不尽相同。在厌学和退缩行为情境中,教师倾向于认为情感关爱型策略更有效;自我中心情境中,行为疏导型策略更有效;攻击行为情境中,惩罚约束型策略更有效;在焦虑情境中,言语疏导型策略更有效。在采用可能性的评定中,对学生的厌学、退缩行为、自我中心和焦虑问题,教师都更倾向于采用言语疏导型策略;在攻击行为情境中,教师更倾向于采用行为疏导型策略。(2)与性别相比,教龄是影响教师评定处理学生心理健康问题策略有效性的较为敏感的变量。在厌学情境中,20年以上教龄的教师认为责任转移型策略和情感关爱型策略更有效;在自我中心情境中,20年以上教龄的教师认为责任转移型策略更有效。 相似文献
79.
80.
家庭游戏中的母亲控制策略与儿童顺从行为 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以42个3岁儿童及其母亲为被试,考察在家庭自由游戏中母亲的控制策略和儿童的顺从行为之间的关系。结果表明:(1)在亲子交往中,母亲使用直接命令的频次最多,间接命令次之,否定控制最少。(2)3岁儿童对母亲控制的顺从率为56.1%;在儿童的不顺从行为中,无技巧不顺从占优势,其中消极不顺从的频次最多。(3)母亲的弱控制策略与儿童的顺从行为相关最高;强控制策略与儿童的无技巧不顺从相关最高。(4)在儿童不顺从时,母亲的弱控制策略容易导致儿童的顺从行为,强控制策略则容易导致儿童的情境性顺从行为。 相似文献