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71.
以745名青少年为被试,采用多基因×多环境设计,考察COMT Val158Met、5-HTR1A C-1019G和BDNF Val66Met基因多态性的多基因累加得分与负性生活事件在父母教养行为与青少年早期抑郁之间的调节作用及其性别差异。结果发现,多基因累加得分与负性生活事件仅能显著调节父亲积极教养行为对青少年抑郁的预测作用,且该调节作用只存在于男青少年群体中。研究结果丰富了抑郁的多基因遗传机制研究,为制定青少年早期抑郁的干预措施提供了理论依据。 相似文献
72.
Brian L. Brooks 《Child neuropsychology》2013,19(3):281-289
Knowing the prevalence of low neurocognitive scores for the WISC-IV Canadian normative sample (WISC-IVCDN) is an important supplement for clinical interpretation of test performance. On the WISC-IVCDN, it is uncommon for children and adolescents to have 4 or more subtest scores or 2 or more Index scores ≤ 9th percentile when all scores on the battery are considered simultaneously. As the level of the child's intelligence increases or the number of years of parental education increases, the prevalence of low scores decreases. These results are consistent with existing studies of the base rates of low scores in children and adolescents on pediatric cognitive batteries, including the WISC-IV American normative sample. Tables provided are ready for clinical use. 相似文献
73.
Matthew W. Gallagher Laura A. Payne Kamila S. White Katherine M. Shear Scott W. Woods Jack M. Gorman David H. Barlow 《Behaviour research and therapy》2013,51(11):767-777
The present study examined temporal dependencies of change of panic symptoms and two promising mechanisms of change (self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity) during an 11-session course of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for Panic Disorder (PD). 361 individuals with a principal diagnosis of PD completed measures of self-efficacy, anxiety sensitivity, and PD symptoms at each session during treatment. Effect size analyses indicated that the greatest changes in anxiety sensitivity occurred early in treatment, whereas the greatest changes in self-efficacy occurred later in treatment. Results of parallel process latent growth curve models indicated that changes in self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity across treatment uniquely predicted changes in PD symptoms. Bivariate and multivariate latent difference score models indicated, as expected, that changes in anxiety sensitivity and self-efficacy temporally preceded changes in panic symptoms, and that intraindividual changes in anxiety sensitivity and self-efficacy independently predicted subsequent intraindividual changes in panic symptoms. These results provide strong evidence that changes in self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity during CBT influence subsequent changes in panic symptoms, and that self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity may therefore be two distinct mechanisms of change of CBT for PD that have their greatest impact at different stages of treatment. 相似文献
74.
Purpose
Premature infants lack the tactile stimulation they would have otherwise experienced in the womb. Infant massage is a developmentally supportive intervention that has been documented for several decades to have a positive effect on both full term and preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to assess the short and long term benefits of massage on stable preterm infants.Methods
A quasi experimental design was used, 66 infants were recruited from two university hospitals with tertiary level NICUs; 32 infants received the massage therapy by their mothers. Data collection by a researcher blind to the infants’ group assignments included weight at discharge, pain responses on the PIPP scale at discharge, length of stay in hospital, neuro-developmental outcome (Bayley scores) and breastfeeding duration at 12 months corrected age.Results
Infants who were massaged had significantly lower scores on the PIPP after a heel-stick compared to before the massage and had lower PIPP scores at discharge compared to the control group. Massaged infants had higher cognitive scores at 12 months corrected age. Weight gain, length of stay, breastfeeding duration and motor scores did not differ between groups.Conclusion
Stable preterm infants benefit from massage therapy given by their mothers and may be a culturally acceptable form of intervention to improve the outcomes of preterm infants. 相似文献75.
心脏冠状动脉多层CT扫描目前在对心脏进行整体扫描进而发现冠状动脉狭窄或冠状动脉钙化方面应用较多,但从经济费用-临床效益比值考虑,是否所有患者均需进行此项检查值得商榷。为降低患者就诊成本,我们认为,对于年轻非糖尿病患者可先根据Framingham冠心病危险量表进行测算患者未来10年出现冠心病的危险度,如果根据此量表计算的患者未来10年出现冠心病的危险度10%的中度以上危险度的患者,才应该给予心脏冠状动脉多层CT扫描检查以了解其是否需要进一步深入治疗。 相似文献
76.
《Pratiques Psychologiques》2015,21(2):137-154
Intelligence is considered as a stable trait over time; psychologists make predictions about the future performance of the child from the interpretation of the WISC-IV scores. However, stability at interindividual level does not necessarily imply stability at intra-individual level. By a test-retest procedure, the stability of categories that classify the performances, and the stability of the personal strengths and personal weaknesses are evaluated on a sample of 277 children aged from seven to 12 years. Categorical stability reveals that the classification into seven categories proposed by the designers of the WISC-IV does not allow reliable predictions. The stability of personal strengths and personal weaknesses is unsatisfactory for the different index scores. 相似文献
77.
Harald Dyckhoff Eleazar Mbock Sebastian Gutgesell 《Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis》2015,22(3-4):197-212
Decision makers pursuing several distinct goals may differ in their behaviour. Some try to achieve all goals simultaneously, whereas others concentrate on only certain ones and are therefore specialized. We present a new method of measuring the specialization degree with respect to a given standard balanced relation of the goals. The measurement is integrated into data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology, uses a non‐compensative distance measure, permits optional convex polyhedral cones as predefined balance sets and guarantees feasible solutions. Geometrically, it is based on the angle between the balance cone and the ray through the point of investigation. The proposed models can be used to support and complement the usual effectiveness and efficiency analysis in multi‐criteria decision analysis and DEA. They are motivated and illustrated by a simple numerical example, compared with an alternative method recently published and applied to real data from the literature. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Regression among factor scores 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Structural equation models with latent variables are sometimes estimated using an intuitive three-step approach, here denoted
factor score regression. Consider a structural equation model composed of an explanatory latent variable and a response latent
variable related by a structural parameter of scientific interest. In this simple example estimation of the structural parameter
proceeds as follows: First, common factor models areseparately estimated for each latent variable. Second, factor scores areseparately assigned to each latent variable, based on the estimates. Third, ordinary linear regression analysis is performed among the
factor scores producing an estimate for the structural parameter. We investigate the asymptotic and finite sample performance
of different factor score regression methods for structural equation models with latent variables. It is demonstrated that
the conventional approach to factor score regression performs very badly. Revised factor score regression, using Regression
factor scores for the explanatory latent variables and Bartlett scores for the response latent variables, produces consistent
estimators for all parameters. 相似文献
79.
This study reconsiders the well‐known link between gang membership and criminal involvement. Recently developed analytical techniques enabled the approximation of an experimental design to determine whether gang members, after being matched with similarly situated nongang members, exhibited greater involvement in nonviolent and violent delinquency. Findings indicated that while gang membership is a function of self‐selection, selection effects alone do not account for the greater involvement in delinquency exhibited by gang members. After propensity score matching was employed, gang members maintained a greater involvement in both nonviolent and violent delinquency when measured cross‐sectionally, but only violent delinquency when measured longitudinally. Additional analyses using inverse probability of treatment weights reaffirmed these conclusions. Aggr. Behav. 36:437–451, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
80.
肺栓塞评分方法是国际上肺栓塞诊断策略的重要基础。本文简要介绍国际上常用肺栓塞评分方法,即Wells法、Geneva法、Geneva改良法、Pisa法和Claudia法,并评价和比较这些方法在临床上的应用,建议建立并规范使用适合我国国情的肺栓塞评分方法。 相似文献