Parents Living with HIV in China: Family Functioning and Quality of Life

In China, HIV shifts the lifestyle of not only parents living with HIV/AIDS, but also their children, partners, and extended families. We examined factors related to the quality of life of parents living with HIV and the relation between family functioning and individual quality of life. Interviews were conducted with a total of 116 parents living with HIV/AIDS. Analyses of variance, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relation between family functioning and quality of life. We found a significant association between family functioning and individual quality of life for parents living with HIV. In particular, family sociability had a strong relationship with the quality of life of parents living with HIV. Parents living with HIV from families where both parents are HIV-positive reported a lower level of family sociability than those from families with only one HIV-positive parent. HIV disclosure, family sociability, and number of children per family were found to be significant predictors of overall quality of life for the population. Study findings underscore the importance of developing interventions that improve family functioning for people living with HIV/AIDS in China.     

What influences the quality of care in English playgroups?

In a study of the quality of care, interviews and observations of 45 playgroups in three areas of England were conducted. The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale was used as a measure of quality. The influence of area, resources, management, size, space, staffing, training, support, parental involvement and staff dissatisfaction upon quality were considered. The major influence was playgroup leader training, and parental involvement was also associated with quality of care. Parental involvement and staff training were strongly linked, indicating the confounding of family and child care characteristics and the importance of understanding family and child care interrelationships. The applicability of the measures to English playgroups was discussed.     

Application of a Quality Improvement Process to Evaluate Self-Directed Therapy for Patients on a Waitlist in an Outpatient Anxiety Disorders Specialty Clinic

The demand for psychological services in the United States is higher than the available supply of qualified mental health professionals. As a result, there is a substantial need for low-cost interventions that are more accessible and amenable to scale-up independent of the availability of clinicians. Previous studies have found that self-directed bibliotherapy can be an effective intervention with minimal therapist contact. Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) improvement process framework, we implemented self-directed therapy in our outpatient anxiety disorders specialty clinic. We identified four self-directed therapy resources (two books and two smartphone apps) based on cognitive behavioral or acceptance and mindfulness principles. We conducted initial 30-minute billable bibliotherapy consultations with six patients on our waitlist, where we provided the rationale for self-guided treatment, introduced the four resources, helped the patient identify one resource to use, and answered any questions. Eight weeks later, we met with five of these patients for a second billable 30-minute consultation (one had already started individual therapy) and gathered information regarding feasibility and acceptability of these resources as well as helped the patient make continued or better use of the resource until beginning therapy. This case series suggests that self-directed interventions can be effectively implemented in this manner, though with mixed outcomes and effects on patients and their course of care. We describe improvements we intend to implement in future iterations of self-directed therapy.     

Identification des facteurs de charge mentale de travail des conseillers en centre d’appels à l’aide d’entretiens semi-directifs

This article offers a new perspective on the working conditions of teleworkers. Thus, the originality of this study lies in the use and operationalization of the ICA model (Galy, 2017) for the analysis of verbatims and the categorization of factors influencing the quality of work life, based on the realization of semi-structured interviews. The results, on the one hand, validate the reference model in a qualitative way and, on the other hand, show that the individual interpretation of each employee is necessary to be able to categorize the factors influencing each of the dimensions of mental workload. Thus, we propose to add a cognitive evaluation module to the theoretical model, in order to refine the conceptualization of mental workload.     

Continuous assessment of Peter Senge's learning organization model for improving the quality of Christian higher education in Indonesia

This paper briefly discusses Peter Senge's Continuous Assessment Learning Organization Model for Quality Improvement, and describes how it is implemented in improving the quality of education by Christian Religious Colleges in Indonesia. The main conclusion of this paper is that Christian Religious Colleges in Indonesia must develop an organizational culture where continuous assessment for quality improvement is part of everyday practice in schools. To achieve this, it is proposed that schools should become learning communities based on Peter Senge's Learning Organization model. While this paper is not based on research, the main implication is that every school should seek creative ways to implement Peter Senge's Continuous Assessment Learning Organization Model for Quality Improvement according to its culture and spirituality. A second implication is a Christian learning organization should be a prayer-defined organization. Every activity, every decision should be informed by prayer and be done in prayer, seeking the will of God, his approval, and his glory. Prayer should play a key role in any assessment. This conceptual paper is original as it explores the fit of applying Peter Senge's Continuous Assessment Learning Organization Model with seeking the will of God, his approval, and his glory for quality improvement in Christian Religious Colleges in Indonesia.     

A Meta‐Analysis of the ELM's Argument Quality × Processing Type Predictions

One of the key dual‐process model predictions is that audiences will be more persuaded by strong persuasive arguments than weak and that this difference in persuasiveness will be larger when they are processing centrally rather than peripherally. A series of meta‐analyses were conducted (k = 134) to assess this claim and explore moderators. The data were generally consistent with the hypothesized interaction. The effects tended to be smaller when pre‐post designs were used rather than post‐test only. Assessments of the strength of the inductions did not tend to be associated with the size of the effects associated with those inductions.     

选择性注意对行人觉察有声信号灯的影响

为考察选择性注意如何影响行人整合交通信号中的多感觉加工优势,研究采用线索—靶子范式,操控交通信号类型(视觉/传统视觉信号灯、听觉、视听觉/有声信号灯)和信号呈现位置(线索化位置、非线索化位置)两个变量,分析被试对视觉、听觉、视听觉三类刺激的反应时和正确率,并通过对相对多感觉反应增强值(rMRE)和竞争模型(race model)的计算,对多感觉加工优势效应进行量化。结果发现:有声信号灯能够产生多感觉加工优势,选择性注意会减弱有声信号灯的多感觉加工优势。该研究结果为有声信号灯的设置提供了理论依据,且提示应当避免在环境中设置容易引起行人选择性注意的设施。     

Profils d’apprenti·e·s reflétant des tensions de rôle en formation professionnelle en alternance en Suisse

Role stress among apprentices are a key element in defining the quality of dual vocational education and training. However, few studies have examined the perceptions and importance of role tensions in this particular context. Accordingly, this contribution focuses on the role stress perceived by dual apprentices through a questionnaire survey. Latent profile analyses allowed to distinguish four apprentices’ profiles in terms of perceptions of role stress, ranging from minimal to prominent role stress. Differences in socio-demographic characteristics, motivation for choosing the training, professional identification, and intention to terminate the apprenticeship contract were also identified. The study provides information on the importance of considering apprentices as a heterogeneous population in terms of role stress, but also on the different motivational and identity issues associated with the profiles. Discussing such issues would also improve the learning experience.     

Longitudinal Associations among Fathers' Perception of Coparenting,Partner Relationship Quality,and Paternal Stress during Early Childhood

This study examined the longitudinal and concurrent associations among fathers' perceptions of partner relationship quality (happiness, conflict), coparenting (shared decision making, conflict), and paternal stress. The sample consisted of 6,100 children who lived with both biological parents at 24 and 48 months in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study‐Birth Cohort data set. The results showed that there are significant and concurrent associations between fathers' perceptions of the coparenting relationship and paternal stress, and between partner relationship quality and paternal stress. There was also a positive direct longitudinal association between partner relationship conflict and paternal stress. However, we found only one longitudinal cross‐system mediation effect: fathers' perception of coparenting conflict at 48 months mediated the association between partner relationship conflict at 24 months and paternal stress at 48 months. The family practice implications of these findings are discussed.