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171.
The subjects were 432 male freshmen at the University of North Dakota who completed the Vocational Preference Inventory and the Strong Vocational Interest Blank. Backward stepwise multiple regression was used to determine the relationships of eight SVIB nonoccupational scales to first semester GPA for the total research population and for each Holland personality type. Personality types were determined by using the highest T score among the first six VPI scales. Significant multiple correlations between the SVIB nonoccupational scales and GPA were found for the total research population and for five of the six personality types. For the Enterprising type, the eight SVIB scales failed to predict GPA significantly. The results were discussed in terms of the differential patterns of multiple correlations for the total research population and for the personality types. 相似文献
172.
173.
Non-rail autonomous public transport vehicles have emerged over the last few years. Technical progress in automation has resulted in a growing number of autonomous shuttle pilot experiments. Although these systems are technologically feasible, determining the extent to which they correspond to users’ needs and expectations remains a major issue. In order to answer that question, we conducted a systematic review which synthesizes the literature regarding the acceptability and willingness to use this type of autonomous public transport. This literature review allowed us to identify 39 documents addressing 70 factors of acceptability, acceptance and usage of non-rail autonomous public transport vehicles. The most cited factors in the literature concern service characteristics (times, schedules, fares) and safety issues (road-safety, on-board security). Factors related to automation level, comfort and access to the vehicle feature appear to a lesser extent. Acceptance is also related to personal factors, such as socio-demographics, travel habits, and personality. This review could be of interest to designers and manufacturers of non-rail autonomous public transport vehicles, as well as policy makers, and assist with the successful implementation of autonomous public transport services which are better adapted and meet the needs of all potential users. 相似文献
174.
Mario Gollwitzer Tobias Rothmund Andreas Pfeiffer Conrad Ensenbach 《Journal of research in personality》2009,43(6):999-1005
People differ in how injustice-sensitive they are either as victims or as observers. Whereas observer sensitivity is positively related to cooperative behavior, victim sensitivity promotes antisocial and egoistic behavior. The present article investigates the dynamics underlying these effects. Participants played an online-based public goods game and were informed about the number of people who violated a fairness rule in previous rounds of the game (no, some, or many violators). High victim-sensitive participants contributed less to the public good even in the “some violators” condition. High observer-sensitive participants contributed more to the public good even in the “many violators” condition. The findings correspond with the sensitivity to mean intentions model and cannot be explained by individual differences in general trust. 相似文献
175.
Lawrence Torcello 《Res Publica》2009,15(1):17-31
This article confronts growing conservative opposition to abortion based on the claim that abortion is morally equivalent
to infanticide. By examining the relationship between moral skepticism and precautionary ethics the article promotes a completely
permissive position on abortion from conception to birth while consistently rejecting the possibility that such a position
entails permissive implications for infanticide. The article introduces and traces the implicit relationship between moral
skepticism, the precautionary principle and political liberalism.
相似文献
Lawrence TorcelloEmail: |
176.
Dean J. Machin 《Res Publica》2009,15(2):103-120
Democracy can be a means to independently valuable ends and/or it can be intrinsically (or non-instrumentally) valuable. One powerful non-instrumental defence of democracy is based on the idea that only it can
publicly justify political authority. I contend that this is an argument about the reasonable acceptability of political authority
and about the requirements of publicity and that satisfying these requirements has nothing to do with whether a society is
democratic or not. Democracy, then, plays no role in publicly justifying political authority. I also show that any non-instrumental
defence of democracy must make claims about what justice requires and make several further claims that require substantial
justification.
相似文献
Dean J. MachinEmail: |
177.
In order to explore public views on nanobiotechnology (NBT), convergence seminars were held in four places in Europe; namely
in Visby (Sweden), Sheffield (UK), Lublin (Poland), and Porto (Portugal). A convergence seminar is a new form of public participatory
activity that can be used to deal systematically with the uncertainty associated for instance with the development of an emerging
technology like nanobiotechnology. In its first phase, the participants are divided into three “scenario groups” that discuss
different future scenarios. In the second phase, the participants are regrouped into three “convergence groups”, each of which
contains representatives from each of the three groups from the first phase. In the final third phase, all participants meet
for a summary discussion. This pilot project had two aims: (1) to develop and assess the new methodology and (2) to gather
advice and recommendations from the public that may be useful for future decisions on nanobiotechnology (NBT). Participants
emphasized that they wanted the technology to focus on solutions to environmental and medical problems and to meet the needs
of developing countries. The need for further public participation and deliberation on NBT issues seemed to be acknowledged
by all participants. Many of them also raised equality concerns. Views on the means by which NBT should be steered into socially
useful directions were more divided. In particular, different views were expressed on how much regulation of company activities
is needed to curb unwanted developments. The participants’ responses in a questionnaire indicate that the methodology of the
convergence seminars was successful for decision-making under uncertainty. In particular, the participants stated that their
advice was influenced both by access to different possible future developments and by the points of view of their co-participants,
which is what the method is specifically intended to achieve.
相似文献
Sven Ove HanssonEmail: |
178.
Erin E. Toolis 《American journal of community psychology》2017,59(1-2):184-199
As economic inequality and segregation continue to grow in the U.S., psychology has an important role to play in exploring and promoting processes that can disrupt social injustice. This paper identifies the privatization of public space as a social problem that contributes to the entrenchment of social, economic, and racial inequality, and advances “critical placemaking” as a tool for reclaiming public space for public use. Drawing from key concepts in environmental psychology, narrative psychology, and community psychology, the proposed framework seeks to theorize the processes by which placemaking may contribute to transforming community narratives and building more inclusive, participatory, and democratic communities. Policy implications and future directions for empirical work are discussed. 相似文献
179.
Andreas Rauhut 《Journal of Global Ethics》2017,13(2):138-156
Faced with the ongoing tragedy of poverty, ethicists call for effective measures of global justice to set up just institutional structures. Their arguments for a transnational obligation to help however remain contested, one of the main reasons for that being the lack of motivational support for trans-national visions of global justice. This articles suggests that the debate will gain new and helpful insights if it studies the motivational mechanisms at work in the dominant religious and cultural traditions, asking: How do these particular traditions conceive of social justice; how do they motivate their adherents to extend solidarity? And how can the similarities surfacing in their motivational strategies be informative for the quest to devise a motivationally saturated account of global justice? The article demonstrates the potential of such an concrete-universal discourse in an exemplary manner by staging a dialogue between public Christian Social Ethics and African Ubuntu Ethics. 相似文献
180.
This study reports the results of an investigation of public awareness and knowledge of stuttering in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total number of 606 street recruited respondents answered questions on various aspects of stuttering, including prevalence, onset, gender distribution, occurrence in different cultures, cause, treatment, intelligence, and hereditariness. The questionnaire used was a Portuguese version of the one by [Van Borsel, J., Verniers, I. & Bouvry, S. (1999). Public awareness of stuttering. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 51, 124–132]. Although, stuttering is a disorder which is known to a majority of the participants, knowledge appears to be limited for certain aspects. Knowledge also differs among subgroups of participants according to gender, age and educational level. Comparison of the results of the current study with similar studies conducted in Belgium and in Shanghai, China shows several similarities but also some differences.
Educational objectives: The reader will be able to: (1) discuss public awareness and knowledge of stuttering in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (2) discuss the differences in knowledge according to gender, age and educational level and; (3) discuss similarities and differences with comparable studies run in Belgium and Shanghai, China. 相似文献