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231.
James C. Bartlett Georgia Burleson John W. Santrock 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1982,34(1):59-76
Two experiments examined affect-dependent memory with preschool/kindergarten and third-grade children. A two-list intentional learning procedure was used to assess the effects of the congruent versus incongruent relationship between affect (happy vs sad) during initial list learning and affect (happy vs sad) during a delayed recall test. When induction of emotional mood was preceded by relaxation exercises in Experiment 1, no evidence of affect dependence was observed. When the relaxation procedure was omitted in Experiment 2, the affect-dependent pattern was obtained in both free recall and cued recall for both age groups. The results of Experiment 2 show that affect-dependent memory is a reasonably robust phenomenon in children and that hypnosis is not necessary for its appearance. However, the phenomenon is apparently absent under conditions of relaxation, a result consistent with two-factor theories of emotion. 相似文献
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This study investigated the effects of schematic and categorical organization on young children's recall. Preschool and kindergarten children recalled either a taxonomic list or a story in one of two presentation conditions: an alternate condition, in which the material was presented, children recalled it and the procedure was repeated, or a successive condition in which the material was presented twice and children recalled it twice. Although preschool children's story recall was well organized, their list recall was poorly organized, and organization did not increase over recall trials in either presentation condition. In contrast, kindergarten children's recall of both the story and the list was well organized, and their recall was better organized on the second recall trial than on the first in both presentation conditions. These results are discussed in terms of the development of retrieval strategies during the preschool years/ 相似文献
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237.
Charles H. Maahs 《Dialog》2008,47(4):380-384
Abstract : The ELCA has experienced a number of significant events and developments in the first twenty years of its existence as a Church. In this article you will read about the preparation and direction that newly elected Bishops received for their ministry in their synods, and some of the struggles and joys that accompanied their work with one another and with their rostered leaders and congregations. It is the perspective of one retired Bishop Emeritus who gives an account of his ministry as he experienced it. 相似文献
238.
In order to investigate whether the Lidcombe Program effects a short-term reduction of stuttered speech beyond natural recovery, 46 German preschool children were randomly assigned to a wait-contrast group or to an experimental group which received the Lidcombe Program for 16 weeks. The children were between 3;0 and 5;11 years old, their and both of their parents’ native language was German, stuttering onset had been at least 6 months before, and their stuttering frequency was higher than 3% stuttered syllables. Spontaneous speech samples were recorded at home and in the clinic prior to treatment and after 4 months. Compared to the wait-contrast group, the treatment group showed a significantly higher decrease in stuttered syllables in home-measurements (6.9%SS vs. 1.6%SS) and clinic-measurements (6.8%SS vs. 3.6%SS), and the same increase in articulation rate. The program is considered an enrichment of currently applied early stuttering interventions in Germany.
Educational objectives: Readers will discuss and evaluate: (1) the short-term effects of the Lidcombe Program in comparison to natural recovery on stuttering; (2) the impact of the Lidcombe Program on early stuttering in German-speaking preschool children. 相似文献
239.
Janice Neibaur Day Andrea P. McDonnell Rob O’Neill 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2008,17(3):253-277
This study examined the effects of using a research based print reading program modified to accommodate beginning braille
readers using an alphabet or uncontracted braille reading approach with five beginning braille readers. Four of the 5 participants
displayed a clear increase in their ability to read high frequency words when they began using the Early Steps reading program
modified to an Early Steps Alphabet Braille Reading Program. Study findings indicate that access to reading activities and
materials afforded to sighted peers resulted in improved reading outcomes for children with visual impairments. Teachers,
participants, and family members all viewed the use of the uncontracted braille reading program and materials favorably. Specialized
reading instruction was also perceived as beneficial by teachers of students with visual impairments when the training addressed
the specific needs of braille readers. 相似文献
240.
Margaret M. Richards Mark J. Bowers Tammy Lazicki Dan Krall Anne K. Jacobs 《Journal of child and family studies》2008,17(2):241-252
We examined behavioral markers of caregiver involvement and the ways in which family participation was related to treatment
outcomes in 47 elementary school children with SED enrolled in a school-based intensive mental health program. Measures of
caregiver involvement included therapeutic home visits, attendance at therapeutic meetings, completion of ratings on the daily
point sheet, and extra communications with the therapeutic team on the point sheet. Greater initial impairment was associated
with greater caregiver involvement. Greater caregiver involvement was linked to improvement in child thought processes, increased
ability to provide emotional and social supports for the child, and greater overall child functioning at discharge. Our findings
also reflected increased therapists’ attempts to provide additional in-home services in cases where caregivers demonstrated
a decline in their ability to provide for their children’s physical and material needs, or in which therapists discovered
that the family functioning was more impaired than what was initially assessed. We provide a case study that exemplifies many
of these findings. 相似文献