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21.
Douglas Pratt 《Sophia》2007,46(3):245-261
Interreligious dialogue does not take place in a vacuum, nor is it a matter of casual conversation. Dialogue is a contested
phenomenon, advocated and embraced on one hand, eschewed and discarded on the other. By way of an exploration of the fact
of plurality, the notions of modernism and postmodernism, and a brief discussion of select pertinent issues (unity, truth,
and the very idea of theology), the paradigmatic context of pluralism will be critically discussed. Contemporary engagement
in interreligious dialogue and interfaith relations requires to be underpinned by a carefully thought-out conceptualising
of the context in which it can authentically occur. This paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of the context of
and for interreligious dialogue.
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Douglas PrattEmail: |
22.
David Matzko McCarthy 《新多明我会修道士》2009,90(1025):72-88
The essay argues that a Catholic tradition of natural law and its conception of human rights depend on the continuing life of institutions that stand apart from and sustain standards of justice independent from the modern state and its corresponding economy. Christians contribute to a defense of human rights precisely as members of their Churches, through their social and institutional presence across the globe. Catholic social thought deals with matters of human rights from within a tradition of natural law that assumes a common human end, a common good. This ecclesiological tradition of the human good is precisely what Catholics have to offer in a context of pluralism. The Church has a task of sustaining institutions where its practical rationality about human goods offers a practical alternative in a world where the self-interest of states and purely economic interests win the day. 相似文献
23.
The plurality of concepts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daniel Aaron Weiskopf 《Synthese》2009,169(1):145-173
Traditionally, theories of concepts in psychology assume that concepts are a single, uniform kind of mental representation.
But no single kind of representation can explain all of the empirical data for which concepts are responsible. I argue that
the assumption that concepts are uniformly the same kind of mental structure is responsible for these theories’ shortcomings,
and outline a pluralist theory of concepts that rejects this assumption. On pluralism, concepts should be thought of as being
constituted by multiple representational kinds, with the particular kind of concept used on an occasion being determined by
the context. I argue that endorsing pluralism does not lead to eliminativism about concepts as an object of scientific interest. 相似文献
24.
Experimental Philosophy of Explanation Rising: The Case for a Plurality of Concepts of Explanation
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Matteo Colombo 《Cognitive Science》2017,41(2):503-517
This paper brings together results from the philosophy and the psychology of explanation to argue that there are multiple concepts of explanation in human psychology. Specifically, it is shown that pluralism about explanation coheres with the multiplicity of models of explanation available in the philosophy of science, and it is supported by evidence from the psychology of explanatory judgment. Focusing on the case of a norm of explanatory power, the paper concludes by responding to the worry that if there is a plurality of concepts of explanation, one will not be able to normatively evaluate what counts as good explanation. 相似文献
25.
In this article, we discuss the current trend of authoritarianism in the Islamic world, especially as embodied in the institution of taqlîd, whereby a lay person blindly follows a religious scholar. We will compare this to the mystical tradition of Ibn ‘Arabî as well as the early esoteric Shî’ite tradition, where a much more “rebellious” type of Islam was offered and provided purviews of pluralism and universalism that challenge authoritarian closures of interpretation in relationship with God. By way of further comparison, we will also attend to the writings of some liberal and pluralistic thinkers in the Muslim world.
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Maintaining cheerfulness in the midst of a gloomy task, fraught with immeasurable responsibility, is no small feat; and yet what is needed more than cheerfulness? -Nietzsche Twilight of the Idols
26.
Chris Kelly 《Philosophical Studies》2008,137(3):369-382
Many recent attacks on consequentialism and several defenses of pluralism have relied on arguments for the incommensurability
of value. Such arguments have, generally, turned on empirical appeals to aspects of our everyday experience of value conflict.
My intention, largely, is to bypass these arguments and turn instead to a discussion of the conceptual apparatus needed to
make the claim that values are incommensurable. After delineating what it would mean for values to be incommensurable, I give
an a priori argument that such is impossible. It is widely accepted that value is conceptually tied to desire. I argue that,
more specifically, it is proportional to merited desire strength. This connection gives one a metric of all value if there
is any such thing. This metric entails that value is a complete ordering over all states of affairs, or, in other words, that
value is commensurable. 相似文献
27.
Robert Lockie 《Philosophical Studies》2008,138(2):169-191
This paper identifies and criticizes certain fundamental commitments of virtue theories in epistemology. A basic question
for virtues approaches is whether they represent a ‘third force’––a different source of normativity to internalism and externalism.
Virtues approaches so-conceived are opposed. It is argued that virtues theories offer us nothing that can unify the internalist
and externalist sub-components of their preferred success-state. Claims that character can unify a virtues-based axiology
are overturned. Problems with the pluralism of virtues theories are identified––problems with pluralism and the nature of
the self; and problems with pluralism and the goals of epistemology. Moral objections to virtue theory are identified––specifically,
both the idea that there can be a radical axiological priority to character and the anti-enlightenment tendencies in virtues
approaches. Finally, some strengths to virtue theory are conceded, while the role of epistemic luck is identified as an important
topic for future work. 相似文献
28.
Autonomy,Force and Cultural Plurality 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Monica Mookherjee 《Res Publica》2008,14(3):147-168
Within now prolific debates surrounding the compatibility of feminism and multiculturalism in liberal societies, the need
arises for a normative conception of women’s self-determination that does not violate the self-understandings or values of
women of different backgrounds and forms of life. With reference to the recent British debate about forced marriage, this
article proposes an innovative approach to this problem in terms of the idea of ‘plural autonomy’. While the capacity for
autonomy is plural, in the sense of varying across cultures, autonomy in any world-view involves a capacity to ‘endorse’ one’s
decisions in certain crucial spheres of life. Non-endorsement, coercion or force occurs if one risks being alienated from
the (cultural) goods and relationships that structure one’s capacity to act in the world. This approach counsels more caution
than prominent liberal approaches with respect to negotiating the contested boundary between freedom and force in a diverse
society.
相似文献
Monica MookherjeeEmail: |
29.
Christopher Woodard 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(3):247-261
We best understand Rule Consequentialism as a theory of pattern-based reasons, since it claims that we have reasons to perform
some action because of the goodness of the pattern consisting of widespread performance of the same type of action in the
same type of circumstances. Plausible forms of Rule Consequentialism are also pluralist, in the sense that, alongside pattern-based
reasons, they recognise ordinary act-based reasons, based on the goodness of individual actions. However, Rule Consequentialist
theories are distinguished from other pluralist theories of pattern-based reasons by implausible claims about the relative
importance of act-based and pattern-based reasons in different cases. Rule Consequentialists should give up these claims.
They should either embrace some other pluralist pattern-based view, or reject pattern-based reasons altogether. Note, though,
that these arguments apply only to compliance-based, rather than acceptance-based, versions of Rule Consequentialism. This
suggests that these two kinds of theory are more different from each other than we might previously have realised.
相似文献
Christopher WoodardEmail: |
30.