Stereotype validation and intellectual performance: Negative implications for future achievement

Previous research has found that activating negative stereotypes after completion of a task can lead people to feel more certain that they performed poorly (i.e., stereotype validation). The current research examined the implications that stereotype validation may hold for future performance. In two studies, the accessibility of gender stereotypes was manipulated after participants completed an initial test on a topic. After reporting perceptions of their performance, participants completed a follow-up test on the same subject. Consistent with hypotheses, activating negative stereotypes after the initial test was found to increase certainty in negative performance evaluations among stigmatized participants. Importantly, this higher certainty – triggered by stereotypes – predicted decreased performance on the later, follow-up test.     

外派人员与组织的期望匹配模式对绩效的影响

外派个人与组织的期望具有四种可能的匹配关系。本研究构建了四种关系的概念模型并进行了效度验证。研究数据采自多种行业跨国公司的两组样本,结构方程建模的分析结果表明,构思关系具有良好的诺姆网络效度,个体-组织期望的不同组合模式对外派的绩效有显著影响。该研究结果对于外派经理及其所在的组织都具有重要意义。     

领导-成员交换理论的研究及发展趋势

领导 -成员交换理论 (leader memberexchange,LMX)是近年来一个重要的领导理论。本文对LMX的理论发展过程作了较为全面的回顾 ,总结了LMX在组织层面中的研究现状 ,包括LMX与组织绩效、组织公平、组织支持和员工满意感之间的相互关系 ,并进一步探讨了LMX在组织研究中的发展新趋势。     

Type-A Behavior, Job Performance, and Well-Being in College Teachers

This study examined the relationship between Type-A behavior and job performance, and employee well-being among college teachers in Canada. Well-being was operationalized in terms of burnout, social support, work satisfaction, and turnover motivation. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from 420 college teachers. Pearson correlation and moderated multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. Global Type-A behavior was not related to 3 measures of job performance: teaching hours, number of course preparations per semester and number of students. However, global Type-A behavior correlated positively with burnout and turnover motivation and negatively with perceived social support and work satisfaction. Two components of Type-A behavior (time pressure and hard driving/competitiveness) exhibited the same pattern of relationship with job performance and well-being variables as was found with the global measure of Type-A behavior. Moderated multiple regression did not support the role of gender as a moderator of Type-A behavior and job performance and well-being variables.     

VDT屏面亮度和文件背景照度对视觉核读作业的影响

研究VDT屏面亮度和文件背景照度对视觉核读作业的影响效应。以核读速度、限肌调节辐合时间和主观舒适性为测评指标。结果上述三项指标均随VDT屏面亮度和文件背景照度的变化而发生变化。结论推荐VDT屏面亮度的合适范围为15～20cd／m^2,文件背景照度的合适范围为300～450lux。VDT屏而亮度与背景照度水平的匹配性也应加以考虑。     

毅力人格与数学成绩之间的关系以及学习行为投入的中介作用:以PISA 2012中国上海数据为例

通过分析PISA 2012中国上海中学生样本,探讨毅力人格对数学成绩的影响,尤其是学习行为投入的中介作用。结果显示,毅力人格包含了代表缺乏毅力、容易放弃的负性维度,以及代表富有毅力、追求完美的正性维度。负性维度能负向预测数学成绩,学习行为投入起部分中介作用。正性维度对数学成绩的总效应和直接效应不显著,只通过学习行为投入产生正向间接影响。负性维度对数学成绩的负面影响整体强于正性维度的正面作用。因此教学中对数学成绩不佳的学生,应根据其毅力水平给予不同引导。     

Fuzzy computation of teaching performance based on data envelopment analysis method

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a system analysis method. It is suitable for evaluating the relative efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMU) with multiple input and output indicators, which is subject to no dimensional form of data and does not need to set the parameters. Subordinate colleges are an integral part of a university, and the university’s comprehensive competitiveness can be improved only when each college reaches the optimal state of teaching performance. From the perspective of faculty structure, this paper constructs the evaluation system for the teaching performance of subordinate colleges. In the evaluation system, there are two fuzzy variables, employment quality and quality of enrollment of graduates, so the fuzzy DEA method is adopted. The introduction of fuzzy theory can well solve the problem of fuzzy numbers in input or output. The commonly used fuzzy numbers include triangular fuzzy numbers and trapezoid fuzzy numbers. The triangular one is used in this paper. The research results will help the university strengthen the understanding of subordinate colleges, which is of practical significance to improve the university’s comprehensive competitiveness.