全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4063篇 |
免费 | 317篇 |
国内免费 | 527篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 55篇 |
2022年 | 66篇 |
2021年 | 132篇 |
2020年 | 166篇 |
2019年 | 241篇 |
2018年 | 284篇 |
2017年 | 330篇 |
2016年 | 316篇 |
2015年 | 139篇 |
2014年 | 179篇 |
2013年 | 1085篇 |
2012年 | 108篇 |
2011年 | 205篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 175篇 |
2008年 | 184篇 |
2007年 | 157篇 |
2006年 | 128篇 |
2005年 | 149篇 |
2004年 | 123篇 |
2003年 | 111篇 |
2002年 | 82篇 |
2001年 | 70篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 42篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4907条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
841.
Life-long environmental enrichment differentially affects the mnemonic response to estrogen in young, middle-aged, and aged female mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The present study was designed to examine whether life-long exposure to standard or enriched housing affects the ability of estrogen to improve spatial and object memory throughout the lifespan. Three-week-old female mice were maintained in standard or enriched housing up to and through ovariectomy and behavioral testing at 5, 17, or 22 months of age. Spatial memory was tested in the Morris water maze and object memory was tested using an object recognition task. Immediately after training each day, mice were injected intraperitoneally with vehicle or 0.2 mg/kg 17beta-estradiol. Among young females, object recognition was enhanced by estradiol alone, an effect that was reduced by enrichment. In contrast, spatial water maze performance was impaired by estradiol alone, but improved by the combination of both estradiol and enrichment. At middle-age, object recognition was enhanced by estradiol or enrichment alone, and the combination of both treatments. Spatial memory in the water maze was also improved by both treatments at middle-age, but the beneficial effects of estradiol were limited to standard-housed females. Finally, whereas enrichment in aged females significantly enhanced performance in both tasks, estradiol had no effect at this age in either task. In total, the data indicate that life-long enrichment can significantly alter the extent to which estradiol affects memory in mice throughout the lifespan. Importantly, the interaction between these treatments is highly dependent on age and type of memory tested. 相似文献
842.
Virginie Bonnot 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2007,43(6):857-866
It has long been argued that stigmatized individuals can ultimately internalize the stereotype alleging their inferiority. The present article investigated whether the internalization of the reputation of math inferiority that targets women can affect their math performance and whether this influence is caused by a disruption of working memory. A first study showed that stereotype endorsement had a significant impact on women’s statistic performance by lowering their self-evaluation of math ability even when controlling for prior achievement. A second study was designed to assess the possibility that the lower math performance displayed by women with low self-evaluation of math ability was due to interference in working memory. Using a dual task paradigm, this study showed that indeed women with low math self-evaluation displayed more errors and spent more time solving additions than women with high math self-evaluation, but mainly on difficult items of the dual task. The findings, which are congruent with an explanation in terms of a temporary disruption of working memory, are discussed. 相似文献
843.
844.
轻度认知损伤(Mild cognitive impairment,MCI)是介于正常老化与痴呆之间的过渡阶段,表现为与年龄和教育程度不相称的认知功能减退。本文回顾了近期有关MCI语义记忆的研究,分析比较了各研究的实验任务及结果,得出MCI患者存在一定程度的由多种原因造成的语义记忆损伤,语义记忆测验对MCI的早期筛查和转归预测有重要作用。最后指出将来的研究需要将包括语义记忆成分在内的多种认知测验相结合,以便及早发现有可能发展为痴呆的危险个体并开展相应干预。 相似文献
845.
846.
847.
848.
在这篇文章中, 我将讨论从正常老化到痴呆, 这一通常被称为痴呆前临床阶段的认知功能的转变。研究表明, 阿尔茨海默症和血管性痴呆病人在临床确诊之前的几年中, 会出现明显的认知损伤。早期最突出的损伤存在于情节记忆、加工速度以及执行功能。这些功能性损伤与神经生物学研究证实的边缘系统和新皮层区存在多重损伤是相一致的。虽然早在临床诊段之前, 病人组和控制组的平均成绩存在巨大差异, 但同时这两组测试成绩的分布在很大程度上是重叠的。寻求降低这种重叠度的方法是未来研究的一个重要任务。这有可能通过将认知的和其他指标(如基于脑的、基因的、临床的、社会的)相结合构建预测模型来实现。此外, 在未来研究中以下三方面也是急需考虑问题: (a) 找出在 前临床期间认知功能急速下降的时间点: (b) 评估从前临床到临床诊断变化速率中存在的个体差异; (c) 确定特定因素与随后发生的痴呆之间的关联强度是如何随时间向临床确诊推进而逐渐变化的。 相似文献
849.
Julia Mayas 《心理学报》2009,41(11):1063-1074
通道内重复启动的研究提示老年人内隐记忆未受损, 这不只体现在视觉通道上还包括其他感觉通道(例如触觉、听觉和嗅觉)。然而很少有研究考察启动任务是否具有通道特异性。在以年轻人为被试的研究中发现跨通道迁移(视觉到触觉和触觉到视觉)和通道内迁移(视觉到视觉, 触觉到触觉)具有相似性。一项最近的研究进一步探索老年人在跨通道启动任务上是否受损。结果显示视觉和触觉间的跨通道启动在年轻被试和老年被试上都是保留的且具有对称性。并且, 对于自然声响、图片的通道内和跨通道启动任务随着年老化发展仍旧保留。这些行为结果和其它最近神经科学结果显示跨通道启动发生于枕叶后纹状皮层区, 而这一区域在老年人中未损坏。这一领域未来的研究方向包括利用不同知觉通道间、利用熟悉的和新异的刺激并结合行为的和脑成像的方法, 通过设计完善的跨通道启动来研究正常老人与阿尔兹海默病人, 还包括将设计得完善的启动任务包括在用于改善老年人记忆功能的项目中。 相似文献
850.
Coping with challenge and hindrance stressors in teams: Behavioral,cognitive, and affective outcomes
Matthew J. Pearsall Aleksander P.J. Ellis Jordan H. Stein 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2009
The purpose of this study was to utilize the challenge–hindrance framework to examine the discrete and combined effects of different environmental stressors on behavioral, cognitive, and affective outcomes at the team level. Results from 83 teams working on a command and control simulation indicated that the introduction of a challenge stressor positively affected team performance and transactive memory. The introduction of a hindrance stressor negatively affected team performance and transactive memory and positively affected psychological withdrawal. When the hindrance stressor was combined with the challenge stressor, teams exhibited the lowest levels of performance and transactive memory, and the highest levels of psychological withdrawal. These effects were due to the adoption of specific coping strategies by team members. Implications are discussed, as well as limitations and directions for future research. 相似文献