Toward a Hermeneutic Turn in Chinese Philosophy: Western Theory,Confucian Tradition,and C<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">HENG</Emphasis> Chung-ying’s Onto-hermeneutics

The present essay thinks along the comparative, philosophical lines that Cheng Chung-ying’s project of “onto-hermeneutics” draws in order to shed light on the relations between ontology and epistemology in the hermeneutic act. In the process, not only will we be thinking with Cheng and some Western hermeneutic theorists, but we will also be thinking through history by examining the Confucian act of reading. To the extent that any hermeneutic exercise, in accordance with Cheng’s construal, cannot merely be a disembodied act of theoretical knowing but is also moral effort that entails personal cultivation—or, in Heidegger’s and Gadamer’s terms, Bildung—its espousal and its practice necessarily embody a larger conception of culture. In fact, precisely in terms of the intimate engagement with culture, Confucian insights, filtered through Cheng’s onto-hermeneutic lenses, may have much to offer contemporary hermeneutics.     

学习、频率和结构方式对汉字知觉干扰效应的影响

知觉干扰存效应是指之前更模糊的刺激的呈现对之后同一模糊刺激的识别的抑制。实验-考察了学习和频率、实验二考察了学习和结构方式对汉字知觉干扰存效应的影响。结果发现：1．汉字与图片一样,不存在材料有限现象,在学习和不学习条件下,汉字识别中均存在知觉干扰效应;2．学习以及频率和结构方式对汉字知觉干扰效应的影响也不显著;3．频率、学习和结构方式对汉字识别的影响显著。这些结果似乎表明当激活超过一定的水平时,和汉字激活水平有关的因素对知觉干扰效应不再起作用。失匹配假说可更好的解释激活水平的作用以及材料有限现象。     

3~5岁儿童气质活动性与父母教养方式的关系

采用实验室观察和问卷法考察3~5岁儿童气质活动性与父母教养方式之间的关系。结果发现：（1）3~5岁儿童气质活动性与父母教养方式之间存在相互关系。不同活动性儿童的父母在溺爱性和放任性上有显著差异。（2）父母对3~5岁不同活动性儿童的教养方式存在性别差异。3~5岁不同活动性的男孩其父母的教养方式没有差异。而3~5岁不同活动性女孩其父母教养方式在溺爱性和放任性上差异显著。     

小学生团队合作学习成绩之群体影响因素研究

将小学四年级实验班42名小学生组建成七个异质团队,进行为期三个月的团队合作学习训练,以探讨群体变量对团队合作学习成绩的影响,并比较实验班和对照班之间语文成绩之间的差异。研究结果表明:团队组长管理风格、团队承诺、团队集体效能感、团队凝聚力四个群体变量对合作学习型团队的学习成绩有显著的影响。团队满意感虽然与团队学习成绩显著相关,但对团队学习成绩的影响不显著。     

大学生自我价值感的领域权变性与应对方式

对124名大学本科生进行了问卷调查,结果表明:(1)总的来说,大学生的自我价值感更多地权变于道德原则,在应对方式的使用频度上依次是解决问题、求助、幻想、合理化、退避、自责。在人际接纳权变性以及解决问题和退避应对方式上存在显著的性别差异;(2)在控制了自我价值感的情况下,多元线性回归分析表明,人际接纳权变性能够负向预测解决问题,正向预测求助、自责、退避、幻想;而个人目标权变性能负向预测解决问题、求助,正向预测自责;道德原则权变性正向预测解决问题。     

Will any doll do? 12-month-olds' reasoning about goal objects

Infants as young as 5 months of age view familiar actions such as reaching as goal-directed (Woodward, 1998), but how do they construe the goal of an actor's reach? Six experiments investigated whether 12-month-old infants represent reaching actions as directed to a particular individual object, to a narrowly defined object category (e.g., an orange dump truck), or to a more broadly defined object category (e.g., any truck, vehicle, artifact, or inanimate object). The experiments provide evidence that infants are predisposed to represent reaching actions as directed to categories of objects at least as broad as the basic level, both when the objects represent artifacts (trucks) and when they represent people (dolls). Infants do not use either narrower category information or spatiotemporal information to specify goal objects. Because spatiotemporal information is central to infants' representations of inanimate object motions and interactions, the findings are discussed in relation to the development of object knowledge and action representations.     

Introducing the Concepts of “Positions,” “Space,” and “Worlds”: Seeing Human Being and Becoming—and Religion—in New Ways

Theories of psychological development, however diverse, often express common underlying ontological-epistemological commitments shaped by the legacies of Descartes, Newton, and Kant. Three related psychoanalytic concepts—“positions,” “space,” and “worlds”—individually and collectively sketch the contours of a different way of construing human being and becoming—a way that departs from these legacies. Implications for the study of religion of this “different way” are examined.     

图式治疗理论与实践

由于传统认知行为疗法治疗人格障碍面临许多问题和挑战,Young在认知行为疗法的基础上创建了图式治疗。图式治疗关注患者的早期适应不良图式和适应不良的应对方式,并通过一系列治疗策略,帮助患者改变早期适应不良图式,形成更健康的行为方式。图式治疗是在传统认知行为疗法的基础上,结合依恋理论、客体关系理论、格式塔理论和建构主义理论的整合治疗模型,其整合的优势为今后的发展带来很大空间     

Is defensiveness associated with cognitive bias away from emotional information?

The role of defensiveness and repressive coping style for the performance on a combined emotional Stroop and tachistoscopic identification task with masked and unmasked words was studied in a community sample. Defensiveness was associated with a decrease in Stroop interference for masked threat words, but not for unmasked threat words. The most robust results, however, were found with regard to overall test performance (independent of emotional valence). On the emotional Stroop task, high-defensive men (but not women) were faster to colour-name words in general, irrespective of emotional valence. On the tachistoscopic identification task, high-defensive women identified fewer words in general than low-defensive participants. The results are discussed in terms of defensiveness being associated with (a) avoidance of emotional information at an automatic, pre-attentive level, and (b) a general avoidance of potentially emotional information that takes different form in men and women depending on possible differences in what is seen as socially desirable for the two genders.