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141.
Engineering ethics, individuals, and organizations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Davis M 《Science and engineering ethics》2006,12(2):223-231
This article evaluates a family of criticism of how engineering ethics is now generally taught. The short version of the criticism
might be put this way: Teachers of engineering ethics devote too much time to individual decisions and not enough time to social context. There are at least six version of this criticism, each corresponding to a specific subject omitted. Teachers of engineering
ethics do not (it is said) teach enough about: 1) the culture of organizations; 2) the organization of organizations; 3) the
legal environment of organizations; 4) the role of professions in organizations; 5) the role of organizations in professions;
or 6) the political environment of organizations. My conclusion is that, while all six are worthy subjects, there is neither
much reason to believe that any of them are now absent from courses in engineering ethics nor an obvious way to decide whether
they (individually or in combination) are (or are not) now being given their due. What we have here is a dispute about how
much is enough. Such disputes are not to be settled without agreement concerning how we are to tell we have enough of this
or that. Right now we seem to lack that agreement—and not to have much reason to expect it any time soon.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2005 conference, Ethics and Social Responsibility in Engineering and Technology, Linking Workplace Ethics and Education, co-hosted by Gonzaga University and Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 9–10 June 2005. 相似文献
142.
Tolloczko TS 《Science and engineering ethics》2006,12(1):95-102
Medicine is a scientific discipline, but it is sometimes difficult to separate what is scientific and what is a clinical,
practical activity. Man is the object, but he is always the subject of medical research and therefore these two elements become
closely bound together by a thread of moral interdependencies. Every mentor of a young academic and all institutions dealing
with the teaching of and research into medicine must understand multidimensional, multifaceted, and multilevel aspects of
their activity and give them due regard in the educational process. The educational mission of an academic institution and
of the teacher working there may be summed up in one phrase: Teach thinking! At the same time, the task of a school and the
individual mentor is to teach the student to distinguish personal freedom from a lack of the feeling of responsibility. The
medieval principle “Universitas magistrorum et scholarium”, and thus the corporation, the community of teachers and students,
has not lost any of its relevance and value today. The situation is, in its far-reaching consequences, tragic in which the
“insufficiently tutored teach”. Both physician and teacher, and especially physician-teacher, are not only professions, but
also callings.
This paper was presented at the 6th International Bioethics Conference on the subject of ‘The Responsible Conduct of Basic
and Clinical Research’, held in Warsaw, Poland, 3–4 June 2005. 相似文献
143.
Davis M 《Science and engineering ethics》2006,12(4):717-730
Perhaps the most common reason science and engineering faculty give for not including “ethics” (that is, research ethics,
engineering ethics, or some discussion of professional responsibility) in their technical classes is that “there is no room”.
This article 1) describes a technique (“micro-insertion”) that introduces ethics (and related topics) into technical courses
in small enough units not to push out technical material, 2) explains where this technique might fit into the larger undertaking
of integrating ethics into the technical (scientific or engineering) curriculum, and 3) concludes with some quantified evidence
(collected over more than a decade) suggesting success. Integrating ethics into science and engineering courses is largely
a matter of providing context for what is already being taught, context that also makes the material already being taught
seem “more relevant”. 相似文献
144.
Dresser R 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2006,27(2):115-139
Pharmaceutical companies are major sponsors of biomedical research. Most scholars and policymakers focus their attention on
government and academic oversight activities, however. In this article, I consider the role of pharmaceutical companies’ internal
ethics statements in guiding decisions about corporate research and development (R&D). I review materials from drug company
websites and contributions from the business and medical ethics literature that address ethical responsibilities of businesses
in general and pharmaceutical companies in particular. I discuss positive and negative uses of pharmaceutical companies’ ethics
materials and describe shortcomings in the companies’ existing ethics programs. To guide employees and reassure outsiders,
companies must add rigor, independence, and transparency to their R&D ethics programs. 相似文献
145.
Walker RL 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2006,27(4):305-331
Human beings with diminished decision-making capacities are usually thought to require greater protections from the potential harms of research than fully autonomous persons. Animal subjects of research receive lesser protections than any human beings regardless of decision-making capacity. Paradoxically, however, it is precisely animals’ lack of some characteristic human capacities that is commonly invoked to justify using them for human purposes. In other words, for humans lesser capacities correspond to greater protections but for animals the opposite is true. Without explicit justification, it is not clear why or whether this should be the case. Ethics regulations guiding human subject research include principles such as respect for persons—and related duties—that are required as a matter of justice while regulations guiding animal subject research attend only to highly circumscribed considerations of welfare. Further, the regulations guiding research on animals discount any consideration of animal welfare relative to comparable human welfare. This paper explores two of the most promising justifications for these differences␣between the two sets of regulations. The first potential justification points to lesser moral status for animals on the basis of their lesser capacities. The second potential justification relies on a claim about the permissibility of moral partiality as␣found in common morality. While neither potential justification is sufficient to justify the regulatory difference as it stands, there is possible common ground between supporters of some regulatory difference and those rejecting the current difference. 相似文献
146.
The purpose of the present document is to briefly present principles that constitute a new doctrine within the sphere of Military Ethics: The Just War Doctrine of Fighting Terror.The doctrine has been developed by a team we have headed at the Israel Defense Force (IDF) College of National Defense. However, the work has been done on the general levels of moral, ethical and legal considerations that should guide a democratic state when it faces terrorist activities committed against its citizens. Accordingly, the proposed principles are meant to be justified and practically applicable under any parallel circumstances. Moreover, those principles are intended to be universal in the sense that the justification of none of them rests on any particular stance with respect to the desired solution of the conflict under consideration.
相似文献
Asa KasherEmail: |
147.
Alicia Vargas 《Dialog》2010,49(3):231-237
Abstract : The theological ethics underlining mujeristas' theological praxis and Luther's Two Kingdoms doctrine may seem to be contradictory to some. Mujerista theology calls for active engagement in the public sphere. Despite its utilization to the contrary, Luther's Two Kingdoms doctrine calls for that same active engagement of the Christian in civic matters. As a Lutheran Latina, I posit that the theological ethics of mujeristas and Luther's Two Kingdoms are distinct but reconcilable. 相似文献
148.
Wenhua Chai 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2006,1(3):366-381
Modern neo-Confucianism is studied at two levels, one is at the historical level and the other at the academic level. Modern
neo-Confucianism at the historical level was developed in the modern context, but its basic content belongs to the traditional
Confucianism or the study of Confucian classics. Modern neo-Confucianism at the academic level recognizes both the deficiencies
of the traditional Confucianism and rationality of western learning, and dedicates itself to the modernization of Confucianism.
Though Ma Yifu’s moral philosophy is developed in the context of modern Chinese culture, it fails to deal with the problem
of modern transformation of Confucian ethical values and its content still belongs to the traditional Confucianism. So it
should be labeled as the modern neo-Confucianism in the historical sense. In this paper, the author makes a systematic exploration
and an evaluation of Ma Yifu’s ethical thought.
__________
Translated from Lunlixue Yanjiu 伦理学研究 (Studies in Ethics), Vol. 18, 2005 (4) by Yang Xu 相似文献
149.
当前竞技体育伦理问题及其实质 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
竞技体育的伦理问题,不仅仅应该批判竞技体育中的非伦理现象,而且应该着重考察在竞技体育发展中自身衍生的目的和手段及发展方向的异化问题,这种伦理悖论才是实质的竞技体育伦理问题。解决问题的途径是竞技体育的自我调整和竞技体育伦理的建设。 相似文献
150.
中国传统女性伦理与礼仪及其现代价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国传统女性伦理与礼仪内容庞杂,糟粕精华并存。现代女性伦理与礼仪建设应当摒弃其中维护男性特权,束缚女性人身自由的非人道性的糟粕,承继其中具有现代价值的精华,从而建立人道、文明、科学的现代女性伦理与礼仪新体系。 相似文献