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191.
James M. Kauffman 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2008,17(1):128-143
Comments on the nature of special education as an enterprise and judgment of its progress are offered. Five independent but
necessary and sufficient criteria for judgment of progress in special education for students with emotional or behavioral
disorders are suggested. Comments are made on each of the articles in the series, and concluding remarks call for more data
and better thinking. 相似文献
192.
193.
Peay HL Veach PM Palmer CG Rosen-Sheidley B Gettig E Austin JC 《Journal of genetic counseling》2008,17(1):6-17
This is the first article of a two-part professional development series addressing genetic counseling for personal and family
histories of psychiatric disorders. It is based on an Educational Breakout Session presented by the Psychiatric Special Interest
Group of the National Society of Genetic Counselors at the 2006 Annual Education Conference. This article examines issues
that arise in addressing family histories of psychiatric illness, while the second article in the series considers the generation
and provision of individualized recurrence risks for psychiatric disorders. In this article we discuss the importance of managing
uncertainty for affected individuals and their close family members who have been referred to genetics for a number of different
indications. We then use four simulated cases to make recommendations about the scope and timing of discussions related to
the psychiatric family history. 相似文献
194.
林万贵 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2008,29(7)
边缘性人格组织是人格障碍的内在结构。克恩伯格主要从非特异性自我虚弱性、现实检验、原始防御机制、病理性的内在客体关系以及身份认同紊乱五个方面阐述了边缘性人格组织理论。该理论弥补了DSM-Ⅳ中人格障碍诊断标准的无理论化倾向的缺陷,并为深入理解人格障碍的心理病理学提供了一个系统框架。 相似文献
195.
ATSUKI HIGASHIYAMA MARK HOLLINS WILLIAM MAIXNER 《The Japanese psychological research》2006,48(4):255-269
Abstract: Tactile vertical, defined as the edge orientation that participants perceive to be vertical, was examined in four experiments. In Experiment 1, we touched the participants’ cheek, lips, or hand with an edge and asked them to judge its orientation with regard to gravitational vertical, both when the stimulated body part was upright (or, in the case of the lips, aligned), and when it was tilted (lips, distorted). We found that when the head or hand was tilted forward 30°, or when the lower lip was distorted approximately 38° to the left or right, the tactile vertical shifted in the same direction by only a fraction (8.7, 8.6, and 36.3% for the cheek, lips, and hand, respectively) of the change in orientation of the stimulated region. The results indicated considerable, but usually incomplete, orientation constancy. In Experiment 2, we measured tactile vertical on the hand for forward tilts from 0° to 45°. We found that as the hand was tilted, the tactile vertical increasingly shifted in the same direction as the hand (i.e., a tactile Aubert effect). In Experiment 3, the effect of attentional focus on tactile vertical was examined by comparing the tactile vertical of participants who attended to body‐centered coordinates, and others who attended to gravitation‐centered coordinates. We found that focusing on body‐centered coordinates caused a decrease in orientation constancy. We sought to examine the role of attention further in Experiment 4, measuring tactile vertical on the cheek of persons with temporomandibular disorders. Compared with normal participants, these participants displayed significantly lower constancy. The results were accounted for by a narrowing of attention to painful signals, so that proprioceptive information was attended to less. In conclusion, the degree of tactile orientation constancy that participants demonstrate varies as a function of body site and attentional focus. 相似文献
196.
《Behavior Therapy》2022,53(2):294-309
Cognitive models implicate interpretation bias in the development and maintenance of obsessive compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs), and research supports Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation (CBM-I) in targeting this mechanism. However, prior studies in OCRDs have been limited to nonclinical populations, adolescents, and adults in a laboratory setting. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of CBM-I as an adjunctive intervention during intensive/residential treatment (IRT) for adults with OCRDs. We modified a lab-based CBM-I training for adults seeking IRT for OCRDs, and conducted a feasibility trial (N = 4) and subsequent pilot RCT; participants (N = 31) were randomized to receive CBM-I or psychoeducation. Benchmarks were met for feasibility, acceptability, and target engagement. From pre- to post-intervention, the CBM-I group showed a large effect for change in interpretation bias (d = .90), whereas this effect was trivial (d = .06) for psychoeducation. This was the first study to evaluate CBM-I in naturalistic treatment for adults seeking IRT for OCRDs. Findings support the feasibility and acceptability of CBM-I in this novel sample and setting. A larger scale RCT is needed to determine whether CBM-I can enhance OCRD treatment response. 相似文献
197.
《Psychologie Fran?aise》2022,67(4):427-444
IntroductionProfessional orchestra musicians frequently suffer from musculoskeletal disorders related to their working conditions. In the spring of 2020, the lockdown and the interruption of their professional activities because of the COVID-19 pandemic could have presented an opportunity for them to recuperate but could also have increased their professional uncertainty and been a source of negative emotions.ObjectiveThe first objective is to evaluate the evolution of musicians’ musculoskeletal disorders in relation to the interruption of their professional activities due to COVID-19. The second is to examine the impact of professional uncertainty caused by the pandemic on their instrument practice as a function of the emotions it generated.MethodA questionnaire concerning instrument practice and musculoskeletal disorders was completed by 439 French orchestra musicians in 2019 (period of professional activity). During lockdown (April 2020), a second questionnaire measuring these variables as well as professional uncertainty, emotions, emotional exhaustion, and the lockdown experience was completed by 172 musicians.ResultsInstrument practice and musculoskeletal disorders decreased between the periods of activity and lockdown. Professional uncertainty during lockdown correlated with negative emotions. Emotional exhaustion mediated the relations between uncertainty and the effort perceived when practicing one's instrument on the one hand and the pleasure experienced during practice on the other.ConclusionFor orchestra musicians in lockdown, uncertainty was related to negative emotions. Playing their instrument required more effort and was not associated with well-being, emphasizing the difficulties regarding the resumption of their professional activity in conditions which would limit the risk of injury. 相似文献
198.
Previous research indicates that the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), the Internal State Scale (ISS), and the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) have the capacity to assess symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorders. The present study cross-validates these scales in a sample of 167 undergraduate students. Individuals were divided into high, medium and low likelihood of caseness (HLC, MLC and LLC) groups based on operationalised cut-off criteria on the MDQ. Scores on the ISS Perceived Conflict subscales were positively and proportionately associated with elevated likelihood of caseness. The HLC group was distinguished from the other two groups by high levels of ISS Depression, whereas the LLC group was distinguished from the other two groups by low levels of ISS Activation and hypomanic personality traits. The majority of individuals reported a history of isolated (hypo)manic experiences, and a quarter of the sample reached screening criteria for a bipolar spectrum disorder (Isometsae et al., 2003). The results are discussed in the context of the role of activation, depression, and interpersonal conflict in bipolar spectrum disorders. 相似文献
199.
Sung-Yeon Park Gi Woong Yun Jacqueline Hitchon McSweeney Albert C. Gunther 《Sex roles》2007,57(7-8):569-578
This study investigated the pluralistic ignorance on the norm of ideal female thinness and also the presumed influence of
thin idealized media images as the cause of the misperception. A survey of 111 female and 109 male US undergraduate students
revealed that both women and men overestimated the thinness of body type preferred by others. In addition, men reported that
others would be more affected by the media than self while women considered themselves to be as vulnerable as others. Subsequent
regression analyses demonstrated that the difference in the perceived media influence on self and others was a significant
predictor of the norm of ideal female thinness. Similar misperceptions were also found between men and women in dating relationships. 相似文献
200.