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131.
To examine the adjustment of child-related goal appraisals during infertility treatment and whether such adjustment contributes to depressive symptoms 178 (86 men, 92 women; age for women M = 33.92, SD = 0.34, for men M = 35.68, SD = 0.45) patients at an Infertility Clinic filled in child-related goal appraisal questionnaires six times: (1) before starting the hormone injections, (2) before the oocytes were retrieved, (3) after embryo transfer, (4) the day when the pregnancy test was done, and (5) two and (6) six months after the infertility treatment. At the first and last measurement times they filled in questionnaire on depressive symptoms. Appraisals concerning child-related goal changed in tandem with the treatment result, and goal adjustment had an effect on depressive symptoms. 相似文献
132.
Coping self-efficacy mediates the effects of negative cognitions on posttraumatic distress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although cognitive distortions have predicted posttraumatic distress after various types of traumatic events, the mechanisms through which cognitive distortions influence posttraumatic distress remain unclear. We hypothesized that coping self-efficacy, the belief in one's own ability to manage posttraumatic recovery demands, would operate as a mediator between negative cognitions (about self, about the world, and self-blame beliefs) and posttraumatic distress. In the cross-sectional Study 1, data collected among 66 adult female victims of child sexual abuse indicated that coping self-efficacy mediated the effects of negative cognitions about self and about the world on posttraumatic distress. The same pattern of results was found in a longitudinal Study 2, conducted among 70 survivors of motor vehicle accidents. Coping self-efficacy measured at 1 month after the trauma mediated the effects of 7-day negative cognitions about self and about the world on 3-month posttraumatic distress. In both studies self-blame was not related to posttraumatic distress and the effect of self-blame on posttraumatic distress was not mediated by coping self-efficacy. The results provide insight into a mechanism through which negative cognitions may affect posttraumatic distress and highlight the potential importance of interventions aimed at enhancing coping self-efficacy beliefs. 相似文献
133.
Gavin D. Shoal Lauren C. Gudonis Peter R. Giancola Ralph E. Tarter 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(1):61-70
This investigation examined potential moderators of the longitudinal relation between negative affectivity and drinking. Specifically
tested was the degree to which alcohol expectancies and coping styles moderate the relation between negative affectivity in
early adolescence and drinking in middle and late adolescence. Four hundred ninety nine early adolescents completed inventories
of negative affectivity, coping style, and tension reduction expectancies, and were followed up with inventories of drinking
in middle and late adolescence. Constructive coping moderated the relation between negative affectivity and drinking in middle
adolescence, such that only those with poor coping skills exhibited this positive relation. Although early negative affectivity
was directly related to drinking in late adolescence, no interactions between negative affectivity and expectancies or coping
were detected for drinking at that age. This absence of consistent moderating effects indicates significant limitations in
the ability of the traditionally-conceived affect regulation model to reliably predict adolescent drinking.
This research was conducted at the Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research (CEDAR) which is located in the School of
Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Pittsburgh and is supported by grant P50-DA-05605 from the National Institute
on Drug Abuse. 相似文献
134.
Robert Huseby 《Res Publica》2008,14(1):1-18
Thomas Pogge has argued that we have strong negative duties to assist the global poor because we harm them through our contribution to the global economic order. I argue that Pogge’s concept of harm is indeterminate. The resources
of any group will typically be affected by at least two economic schemes. Pogge suggests that the responsibility for any affected
group’s shortfall from a minimum standard ought to be shared between the contributing schemes. I argue that shared responsibility
can be interpreted in two different ways. Unfortunately, both interpretations are problematic. Lastly, I suggest a strategy
for amending this problem.
相似文献
Robert HusebyEmail: |
135.
Albert Reijntjes Hedy Stegge Mark Meerum Terwogt Jan Henk Kamphuis Michael J. Telch 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2006,34(6):873-885
We examined children’s behavioral coping in response to an in vivo peer rejection manipulation. Participants (N=186) ranging between 10 and 13 years of age, played a computer game based on the television show Survivor and were randomized to either peer rejection (i.e., being voted out of the game) or non-rejection control. During a five-min. post-feedback waiting period children’s use of several behavioral coping strategies was assessed. Rejection elicited a marked shift toward more negative affect, but higher levels of perceived social competence attenuated the negative mood shift. Children higher in depressive symptoms were more likely to engage in passive and avoidant coping behavior. Types of coping were largely unaffected by gender and perceived social competence. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
136.
In the temperament literature, agreeableness has been theoretically linked to effortful control. Further, research in this area has suggested that effortful control may play a broad role in moderating temperament-based tendencies toward negative affect. The present three studies, involving a total of 300 undergraduate participants, sought to extend this perspective to the adult literature by examining potential interactions between agreeableness and neuroticism in predicting reported somatic symptoms. Although such symptoms have been linked to neuroticism, they are not characteristic of the interpersonal concerns linked to agreeableness. Nevertheless, all studies found that agreeableness and neuroticism interacted to predict somatic symptoms such that high levels of agreeableness decoupled the relationship between neuroticism and somatic distress. These findings indicate a broad role for agreeableness in the self-regulation of neuroticism-linked distress. 相似文献
137.
Two studies examined the influence of dysphoria on motivational intensity in a student sample. Participants worked on a memory
task (Study 1) or a mental concentration task (Study 2) without fixed performance standard (“do your best”). Based on their
scores on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale (L. S. Radloff, 1977), dysphoric and nondysphoric students
were compared with regard to their effort-related cardiovascular reactivity during task performance. As predicted on the basis
of the mood-behavior-model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and motivational intensity theory (J. W. Brehm & E. A. Self, 1989), dysphoric
participants showed stronger cardiovascular reactivity while working on the cognitive tasks than nondysphoric participants.
In Study 1, nondysphoric participants performed better on the memory task than dysphoric participants. Theoretical implications
are discussed.
相似文献
Kerstin BrinkmannEmail: |
138.
Eric A. Storch Tanya K. Murphy Rhea M. Chase Mary Keeley Wayne K. Goodman Maurice Murray Gary R. Geffken 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(4):211-219
The present study analyzed rates of peer victimization in children with a chronic tic disorder as compared to children with
type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. The associations among peer victimization, tic symptom severity, and psychological symptoms,
as well as the potential mediating relationship between peer victimization, tic severity, and child internalizing symptoms,
were also explored. Children with tics displayed higher rates of peer victimization than control groups, and peer victimization
in children with tics was positively correlated with tic symptom severity, loneliness, anxiety symptoms, and parent report
of child internalizing symptoms. Results also supported the hypothesis that peer victimization mediates the relationship between
tic symptom severity and loneliness. Findings highlight the importance of the assessment and treatment of psychosocial variables
in children with chronic tic disorders, including social functioning and peer relationships. 相似文献
139.
The current study examined whether the association between the occurrence of negative events and increased engagement in risky behavior is moderated by maladaptive and/or adaptive coping strategies. At time 1, 411 adolescents (ages 14–19) from Yue Yang, Hunan, completed self-report measures assessing coping strategies, engagement in risky behaviors, and the occurrence of negative events. Once a month for the subsequent 6 months, adolescents completed measures assessing engagement in risky behaviors and the occurrence of negative events. In line with our hypotheses, results of hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that adolescents possessing high levels of maladaptive coping strategies reported greater engagement in risky behaviors following the occurrence of negative events than adolescents possessing low levels. In contrast to our hypotheses, the association between the occurrence of negative events and increased engagement in risky behavior was not moderated by adaptive coping strategies. 相似文献
140.
Negative mood regulation (NMR) expectancies, or the beliefs held by individuals that, when faced with various manifestations of stress and negative affect, they can successfully cope with such mood states, have proven to be a most useful construct in the context of better understanding self-regulatory processes. In the present prospective study, we examined the predictive utility of NMR expectancies with respect to its ability to predict residual change in both depressive and anxiety symptoms over an 8-week timeframe in a sample of 322 college students. Initial correlational analyses revealed that, as anticipated, NMR expectancies were negatively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptomatology, as well as with maladaptive coping style. Conversely, NMR expectancies were positively associated with self-reported adaptive coping. A series of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, even when controlling for age, sex, baseline levels of affective distress (depression or anxiety), and coping styles, NMR expectancies predicted change in both depressive and anxiety symptomatology. Implications of the findings pertinent to theory building and testing are discussed. 相似文献