断裂与弥补：农民工医疗保障的理性思考

农民工是我国社会转型时期一个不可忽视的庞大群体,但他们的医疗保障状况令人担忧,医疗卫生在不同人群中的公平性问题日益暴露,鉴于此,我们需要宏观合理的观念指导,改革户籍制度,整合城乡医疗保障制度,分阶段和分项目地实施农民工医疗保障改革,并以企业、个人、第三方组织和政府的共同合力作用,弥补长期困扰农民工城市生存的医疗保障问题。     

非安全依恋可塑性的神经机制

非安全依恋可塑性是借助认知启动技术(例如安全依恋启动)使非安全依恋个体长期处于敏感和支持性的环境中, 从而唤醒个体积极的依恋经历, 使其对依恋关系形成新的认知图式, 最终实现非安全依恋个体内部工作模型的重构。本项目针对非安全依恋个体的认知加工缺陷, 采用安全依恋启动的方法探索非安全依恋可塑性的发生机制及相应的神经生理基础。项目拟从单次安全依恋启动对非安全依恋个体认知加工缺陷的改善效应、多任务条件下对重复安全启动效应的检验以及重复安全依恋启动效应的追踪研究三方面开展非安全依恋可塑性研究; 研究手段采用行为-生理-脑成像的技术, 从安全依恋启动的性质、方式和时间三个维度上系统地探究非安全依恋可塑性的发生机制与神经基础。非安全依恋可塑性研究为安全依恋研究提供了新视角, 研究提出的依恋图式重构理论是对安全基地图式理论的印证与发展, 对重复安全启动效应的检验及追踪研究试图为非安全依恋可塑性研究构建一套科学有效的评估标准。研究成果对于非安全依恋人群的干预训练、提升依恋安全感、维护心理健康具有重要价值。     

Strategic Thinking on Advancing Socialism with Chinese Characteristics on All Fronts in the New Era—Studying the Spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

The Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is an action plan for the CPC to rally and lead the people to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics on the new journey of the new era. It gives a rational answer to the philosophical question of “Where is socialism with Chinese characteristics headed on the new journey of the new era” that underlies in the development course of this country, and contains strategic thinking that is forward-looking, big-picture, and pioneering. From a strategic perspective, the Report to the 20th National Congress points out a scientific path for China’s future development, clarifies phased tasks, and defines specific strategic choices, reflecting the forwardlooking strategic vision of planning the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Based on the viewpoint of holistic, developing, and universal connection, it aims to achieve the unity between local and overall interests in strategic deployment, the unity between the present and the future in strategic objectives, and the unity between domestic and international development in strategic vision. It highlights the principles of scientific socialism as upholding the guidance of Marxism, the overall leadership of the CPC, and the people’s decisive role in history, pioneering a new frontier in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.     

CAT中结合贝叶斯方法与序贯监测程序的题库质量监控技术

Zhang(2013)提出了序贯监测程序(SMP)用以检测CAT中的题目在作答过程中是否发生泄漏。然而,该方法会出现虚报且未关注在题目泄漏后,对能力估计精度产生的影响。本研究在SMP基础上引入个人拟合指标,提出SMP_PFI方法,拟在给定的置信度上核实被SMP标记的题目是否真正泄漏,并探查SMP_PFI方法对能力估计精度与被封存题目数量关系的影响。实验结果表明：新方法能够有效降低SMP单独运行时的一类错误。通过控制CPFI值能够平衡能力估计精度与被封存题目数量之间的关系。     

Who among European youth are active citizens at the EU level and why?

Abstract

The current generation of European youth is coming of age in the European Union. Compared to the generation of their parents and grandparents, this generation has been afforded new opportunities of travel and employment that transcends the borders of nations. How is this new reality experienced by youth from different European nations and from different social classes? Do younger generations feel more of a connection to their European identity, to their national identity, or to both? Such questions are addressed in the papers of this special issue, which draw data from the EU Horizon 2020 Constructing Active Citizenship with European Youth (CATCH-EyoU) project. Together these studies suggest that to address these questions we need to decompose who the youth are and what the historical context of their experience is. For example, youth from higher socio-economic status families living in post-communist or low wealth nations differ in their loyalties and commitment to the EU, compared to their counterparts. The papers in this special issue reveal important insights as well as gaps in the scholarship concerning youth active citizenship at the European level.     

Attitudes to women in society: the role of social dominance orientation and social values

his research assessed the extent to which attitudes to women in society are predicted by the personality trait social dominance orientation (SDO) as well as the values international harmony and equality (INT) and national strength and order (NAT). Respondents were a community sample of adult non‐students (N = 158). Sex differences were observed on INT and attitudes to women. Multiple regression analyses showed sex differences in the extent to which SDO predicts attitudes to women, while no support was found for the view that social attitudes are underpinned by both security and harmony values. The results are discussed with reference to social dominance theory and the nature of the security value domain. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论老年人长期照护机构安全保障义务

老年人长期照护机构安全保障义务纠纷存在法律适用偏差,部分案件以公平责任原则替代过错责任原则、合理限度不清晰、第三人侵权下机构承担责任方式和是否享有追偿权有不同认识。安全保障义务属于法定的危险防免义务。合理限度取决于对危险源的控制能力、因危险源收益大小、避免损失的成本、经营专业性、受害人特殊信赖关系及对危险规避能力等。长期照护安全保障事故诱发因素多、因果关系复杂、当事人举证能力弱、过度关怀的长期照护预期与服务有效供给不足的矛盾突出。长期照护机构应“以人为本”,提高设施环境安全性、服务队伍专业性、安全保障措施有效性。

     

Violent crime and its relation to subjective social stress indicators: The case of Israel

Although the effects of objective social stressors on violent crime have been studied extensively, the effects of subjective perception of stress factors have been neglected in criminological research. The present study investigates the relationship between the subjective perception of external stress factors and homicide and robbery rates, within a stress model according to which the probability of violence as a reaction to stress will increase when social support systems fail or malfunction. In the present context, subjective perception of social stress is conceived as expressions of worry or dissatisfaction regarding cardinal life domains such as the economic, security, or political situation. Support systems are defined here in terms of national solidarity, which is expressed as positive (or improved) attitudes regarding the relations between various segments of the population. The data regarding the subjective indicators were derived from continuing surveys of representative samples of urban Israeli population during the years 1967–1985. Fourteen stress indicators and two solidarity indicators were included. The periods covered range from less than 4 years to more than 16 years. The theoretical model was generally supported by the findings: both homicide and robbery were found to be related to most of the stress indicators as predicted. The two solidarity indicators were in line with the model in respect of robbery but not homicide. The consistency of the findings with the model is particularly noteworthy in view of the great variation among the independent variables regarding the number of observations and periods of time covered. Some theoretical implications of the findings are discussed, and suggestions are made for future research.