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诚信是立身处世之本。本研究分别采用内隐IAT范式、启动范式及现场实验考察中文语境下黑白隐喻对诚信的影响。结果发现:黑白与诚信存在显著的内隐语义联结,表现为一致条件下的反应时显著低于不一致时的反应时。且这种隐喻联结稳定存在于具体的黑白情境中,即白色背景显著提高诚信选择,黑色背景下不诚信选择亦显著提高。而在真实明暗体验中,与明环境相比,暗环境更容易导致被试不诚信行为。本研究显示在中国文化群体中存在“白-诚信”、“黑-不诚信”的隐喻联结;在明暗环境中,中国被试表现出“暗”促进不诚信行为的现象。 相似文献
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946.
利用反诱导消除McCollough效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
McCollough效应在完全黑暗和自然视觉条件下的消退过程很缓慢,而利用同频补色条栅来进行反诱导,能在十几分钟内消除显色效应。消除所用时间与反诱导条栅的亮度、颜色和栅条间距(空间频率)有关。进一步说明导致McCollough效应恢复平衡的主要因素跟网膜刺激方式有关。 相似文献
947.
Duration comparison: relative stimulus differences stimulus age, and stimulus predictiveness. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
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D A Stubbs L R Dreyfus J G Fetterman D M Boynton N Locklin L D Smith 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1994,62(1):15-32
Under a psychophysical trials procedure, pigeons were presented with a red light of one duration followed by a green light of a second duration. Eight geometrically spaced base durations were paired with one of four shorter and four longer durations as the alternate member of a duration pair, with different pairs randomly intermixed. One choice was reinforced if red had lasted longer than green, and a second choice was reinforced if green had lasted longer. Performance was compared when all the base durations and their pair members were included (entire-range condition) or when only the four longest base durations and their comparison durations (restricted-range condition) were used. Discrimination sensitivity decreased for longer duration pairs under both conditions, supporting a memory-based account. Sensitivity was lower under the restricted-range condition. Under both conditions, a bias to report "green as longer" increased as the second green duration increased. Bias changed as a matching function of the green-duration predictiveness of the correct choice. The results are related to a quantitative model of timing and remembering proposed by Staddon. 相似文献
948.
Based on a sample of non-clinical subjects (N=74) the study examines the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) by focusing on when perceptual distortions, called ‘signs of defence’ in DMT terminology, occur (distribution in exposure duration), which part of the picture is involved (distribution in localisation), and which ‘signs’ go together (using correlation and factor analyses). The results disclosed that the occurrence of perceptual distortions (‘signs of defence’) was related to exposure duration (some ‘defences’ are more frequent at brief exposures, some others at longer exposure durations), and to localisation on the picture. The location of misperceptions to the central person (hero) or the peripheral person (pp) of the picture was the major explanatory principle for the distribution of ‘signs’ on factors. Rather than capturing psychodynamic defence mechanisms, which is the theoretical basis of the test, the analyses imply that the DMT seems to measure misperceptions which are a function of the localisation of persons on the stimulus picture and of exposure durations. 相似文献
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Janis D. Edison Henry E. Adams 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1992,14(1):1-19
The accuracy of depressed and nondepressed subjects' perceptions of their own and a social interactional partner's performance was investigated. Twenty depressed and twenty nondepressed college students participated in dyadic interactions and then rated their own and their partner's social behavior. The interactions were also rated by objective coders. Depressed subjects were differentiated from nondepressed subjects on several measures by both the coders and the subjects. Depressed subjects' self-ratings were correlated with the coders' ratings more often than were the nondepressives' ratings, suggesting depressives provided more accurate self-observations. Contrary to prediction, depressives were also more accurate in judging their partner's behavior. Depressives experienced heightened levels of self-focused attention, but this attentional focus did not mediate the relationship between depression level and self-accuracy. Finally, an analysis of the verbal statements suggests that performance differences between depressives and nondepressives may be a function of the quantity, rather than the quality, of the verbal production. 相似文献