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331.
Jessica Vando Dana M. Rhule-Louie Robert J. McMahon Susan J. Spieker 《Journal of child and family studies》2008,17(5):615-628
Abtract We examined the extent to which infant attachment status is directly related to child conduct problems 6 years later, and
assessed the potential mediating roles of hostile parenting and maternal depression. The sample included 84 adolescent mothers
and their children (45 girls, 39 boys). Infant attachment status was assessed using the Strange Situation when the study children
were 1-year-old. Hostile parenting was coded during a parent–child interaction task when the study children were 4.5-years-old.
Maternal depression was self-rated, also when the study children were 4.5-years-old, using the Beck Depression Inventory.
Mothers reported child conduct problems at Grade 1 on the Child Behavior Checklist. Infant attachment status at 1 year of
age was directly related to child conduct problems but not to hostile parenting or maternal depression. Neither hostile parenting
nor maternal depression mediated the relationship between infant attachment status and child conduct problems. However, the
pattern of relations differed by attachment security. For securely attached children, maternal depression, but not hostile
parenting, was directly related to conduct problems. For insecurely attached children, hostile parenting, but not maternal
depression, was directly related to child conduct problems. Implications for intervention and future research are discussed. 相似文献
332.
Child adjustment and parenting were examined in twenty-three 9–16-year-old youth from families affected by maternal HIV infection
and 20 same-age peers whose mothers were not infected. Children whose mothers were seropositive reported significantly more
externalizing problems. Infected mothers reported less age-appropriate supervision/monitoring relative to non-infected mothers.
Better mother-child relationship quality and less impairment in parental supervision/monitoring of age-appropriate youth behaviors
were associated with fewer externalizing difficulties among the HIV-positive group only. Similarly, only among HIV-infected
mothers was refraining from engaging in inconsistent disciplinary tactics associated with lower reports of internalizing and
externalizing problems. These data highlight the promise of programs targeting parenting skills to prevent or ameliorate child
difficulties. 相似文献
333.
Environmental stimuli during neonatal periods play an important role in the development of cognitive function. In this study, we examined the long-term effects of neonatal tactile stimulation (TS) on spatial working memory (SWM) and related mechanisms. We also investigated whether TS-induced effects could be counteracted by repeated short periods of maternal separation (MS). Wistar rat pups submitted to TS were handled and marked transiently per day during postnatal days 2–9 or 10–17. TS/MS pups were stimulated in the same way as TS pups and then individually separated from their mother for 1 h/day. Their nontactile stimulated (NTS) siblings served as controls. In adulthood, TS and TS/MS rats showed better performance in two versions of the delayed alternation task and superior in vivo long-term potentiation of the hippocampo–prefrontal cortical pathway when compared with controls. Furthermore, there were more doses of A77636 (a selective dopamine D1 agonist) to significantly improve SWM performance in TS and TS/MS rats than in NTS rats, suggesting that activation of prefrontal D1 receptors in TS and TS/MS rats is more optimal for SWM function than in NTS rats. MS did not counteract TS-induced effects because no significant difference was found between TS/MS and TS animals. These data indicate that in early life, external tactile stimulation leads to long-term facilitative effects in SWM-related neural function. 相似文献
334.
Mediation analyses of Internet-facilitated cognitive behavioral intervention for maternal depression
John R. Seeley Lisa B. Sheeber Edward G. Feil Craig Leve Betsy Davis Erik Sorensen 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2019,48(4):337-352
This study evaluated the putative mediating mechanisms of an Internet-facilitated cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for depression tailored to economically disadvantaged mothers of preschool-age children. The CBT mediators were tested across two previously published randomized controlled trials which included the same measures of behavioral activation, negative thinking, and savoring of positive events. Trial 1 included 70 mothers with elevated depressive symptoms who were randomized to either the eight-session, Internet-facilitated intervention (Mom-Net) or to treatment as usual. Trial 2 included 266 mothers with elevated depressive symptoms who were randomized to either Mom-Net or to a motivational interviewing and referral to services condition. Simple mediation models tested each putative mediator independently followed by tests of multiple mediation that simultaneously included all three mediators in the model to assess the salient contributions of each mediator. The pattern of results for the mediating effects were systematically replicated across the two trials and suggest that behavioral activation and negative thinking are salient mediators of the Mom-Net intervention; significant mediating effects for savoring were obtained only in the simple mediation models and were not obtained in the multiple mediation models. 相似文献
335.
Carmen R. Valdez Christopher R. Raines Kevin D. Davies Stephanie D'Costa 《Family process》2019,58(4):986-1002
The psychological experience of maternal depression and its impact on immigrant Latina/o families often goes unrecognized and unaddressed. Children may feel especially helpless and confused about the changes they observe in their mothers’ mood and behavior, and about the deterioration of family relationships. Given the interdependence of family structures of immigrant Latina/o households, maternal depression can be detrimental to Latina/o youth attributions and coping strategies, and to their relationship with their mothers. The quantitative focus of most research on maternal depression in Latina/o samples limits our understanding of family processes in maternal depression. The current qualitative study explores the perceived impact of maternal depression on Latina/o youths’ attributions and coping strategies. This inquiry involved focus groups with 12 participants aged 9–16 years to explore their perspectives on maternal depression. All youth had participated in a 12‐week multifamily group intervention focused on building family and cultural strengths to address maternal depression on immigrant Latina/o families. Findings of the focus groups illuminated the essential experience of youth living with maternal depression, and indicated that there are developmental considerations for how youth recognize and make meaning of maternal depression, and cope with disrupted family life. Additionally, youth reported engaging in these culture‐specific ways of coping: using close sibling relationships and family structure as support, having fathers and extended family members engage in additional and restorative parenting practices, and participating in religious practices to seek refuge from family stress. We propose considerations for intervention and further areas of research. 相似文献
336.
337.
Chau-Kiu Cheung Ngan-Pun Ngai Steven Sek-Yum Ngai 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(5):626-641
Elucidating the conditions in which family strain takes effect in adolescent delinquency is one avenue along which to substantiate
general strain theory. These conditions include family relationship and the type of delinquency. In the context of Chinese
societies, the conditions also include the differences between socialist, collectivist Mainland China and capitalist, more
individualist Hong Kong. We collected survey data from 1,026 secondary school students in Guangzhou in Mainland China, and
from 1,116 in Hong Kong, to demonstrate these conditions. The results, which indicate the intimate relationship between parents
and adolescents, verify that family strain has a very strong impact on adolescent delinquency. In this connection, family
strain comprised parental support as a negative indicator. However, the effect of parental support on adolescent strain was
only weakly negative in Guangzhou and even positive in the case of nonworking mothers. The differentials in parental influence
between Guangzhou and Hong Kong are attributable to the different family policies and structures in the two cities. On the
other hand, family strain exhibited similar effects on two types of delinquency, violence and status offense. 相似文献
338.
Lisa L. Knoche Jami E. Givens Susan M. Sheridan 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(5):684-695
We investigated the relationship between depression and parental sense of competence to child cognitive outcomes for a sample
of 49 adolescent mothers and their young children (Mean age=9 1/2 months) enrolled in a student parenting program. Cognitive development of the infants and toddlers was assessed using
the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Maternal depression was assessed with the CES-D and parental competence measured
with the Parental Sense of Competence Scale. Results indicated that maternal depression and parental sense of competence alone
did not predict children’s cognitive scores; the interaction of the variables significantly predicted children’s outcomes.
Mothers reporting high levels of depression, who self-reported high levels of parental competence, had children who scored
higher on the Bayley. Children of mothers with high levels of depression, and low reported levels of competence scored lower
on the Bayley. The relationship was not significant for mothers reporting low levels of depression. Our findings suggest additional
research needs to focus on the buffering effect of parental sense of competence for adolescent mothers experiencing depression. 相似文献
339.
This study examines effects of the School-to-Work Group Method among 17-25-year-old young people facing the transition from vocational college to work. After baseline measurement (N = 416) participants were randomized into experimental and control groups. The results of ten month follow-up (N = 334) showed notable beneficial impacts of the group method on both employment itself and on how well it matched participants’ education and personal career plans. The group method also had a significant preventive effect on psychological distress and depression symptoms among those initially at risk of suffering from mental disorder. Moreover, it considerably increased participants’ personal work life, finances and property goals. 相似文献
340.