Cultural Competence and School Counselor Training: A Collective Case Study

This collective case study investigated the experiences of bilingual counselors‐in‐training who assessed school‐wide cultural competence in public schools. Analysis and interpretation of data resulted in the identification of 5 themes: eye‐opening experiences, recognition of strengths, the role of school leaders, road maps for change, and empowering marginalized groups. Implications and recommendations are discussed. Este estudio de caso colectivo investigó las experiencias de consejeros bilingües en formación que evaluaron la competencia cultural institucional en escuelas públicas. El análisis e interpretación de los datos dieron como resultado la identificación de 5 temas: experiencias reveladoras, reconocimiento de puntos fuertes, el papel de los líderes académicos, hojas de ruta para el cambio y empoderamiento de grupos marginalizados. Se discuten las implicaciones y recomendaciones.     

Translating the QABF to Spanish with an Eye Toward Reliability and Validity

We developed a Spanish‐language version of the Questions About Behavioral Function (QABF) utilizing a forward‐adaptation and back‐adaptation translation process. Subsequently, we administered the assessment with 80 bilingual participants to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument. Results demonstrated that the Spanish version of the QABF was both reliable (i.e., was internally consistent) and valid (i.e., identified the correct function). Implications and future research are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

L’évaluation thérapeutique : description de quatre modèles

Since its development, therapeutic assessment (TA) has been used in many different settings and adapted accordingly. There are four different TA models: adult, couple, child and adolescent. This article presents the steps of each model and addresses the specific similarities and differences between them.     

Impulsive behaviour in interpersonal encounters: Associations with quarrelsomeness and agreeableness

Associations between impulsivity and interpersonal behaviours have rarely been examined, even though impulsivity may disrupt the flow of social interactions. For example, it is unknown to what extent the commonly used Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐11) predicts impulsive behaviour in social situations, and how behaving impulsively during interpersonal encounters might influence levels of quarrelsomeness and agreeableness. In this study, 48 healthy working individuals completed the BIS‐11 and recorded their behaviour in social situations using event‐contingent recording. Record forms included items representing quarrelsome, agreeable, and impulsive behaviours. BIS‐11 motor impulsiveness scores predicted impulsive behaviour in social situations. Impulsive behaviour was associated, in different interactions, with both agreeableness and quarrelsomeness. Behaving impulsively in specific interactions was negatively associated with agreeableness in participants with higher BIS‐11 motor impulsiveness and positively associated with agreeableness in participants with lower BIS‐11 motor impulsiveness. Impulsive quarrelsome behaviour may cause interpersonal problems. Impulsive agreeable behaviour may have positive effects in individuals with low trait impulsivity. The idea that there are between‐person differences in the effects of state impulsivity on the flow of social interaction deserves further study.     

宋代医官磨勘制度初探——兼论王安石思想对其影响

磨勘是宋代对于官员进行考核迁转的制度。但宋代初期在制定官员磨勘制度之时医官并未涵盖在内,并且医官的转任也有着相当的限制。北宋历次重大改革均将医学教育作为改革的重要内容,自此培养了大批医学人才,医官转任的限制也有逐渐放松的趋势。在王安石变法思潮的影响下,宋政府出于管理的需要,于熙宁年间正式确立医官磨勘制度。至宋徽宗重新启用变法派,于国子监设立中央医学,医官磨勘制度结合中央医学的设立有了进一步的细化和发展。虽然在制度的实施过程中由于管理不善出现过种种乱象,但医官磨勘制度对后世的医学发展有深远影响。

     

安宁疗护患者生活质量评估工具的研究进展

准确评估临终患者的生活质量能更好地实施和评价安宁疗护。国内外相关评估工具各有特点,国外相关研究较为成熟,已有较完善且应用广泛的评估工具;而我国此方面的研究起步较晚,相关工具数量少且应用局限。介绍了国内外安宁疗护患者生活质量评估工具的发展过程、适用对象、测量内容、信效度以及使用方法,并对各工具的基本情况和应用现状进行比较分析,以期为临床研究选用合适的评估工具、国内学者汉化及开发相关评估工具提供参考。

     

医疗质量模糊性特征研究

探讨医疗质量的特性,通过系统经验分析法,认为医疗质量具有模糊性特征,难以辨别优劣,导致卫生行政部门、医疗机构忽视提高医疗质量。行政部门应加强医疗技术管理,推行医院法人治理结构制度,做好信息公示。医疗机构也应加强服务过程管理,培养医护人员人文精神,落实规章制度,推行临床路径管理,减少医疗差错,加强医院感染管理,医护人员也应加强责任心,多方努力才有可能提高医疗质量、保障患者安全。     

对当前量化绩效考核的反思

通过文献研究和哲学反思等方法对高校和医疗卫生系统的量化绩效考核进行研究。认为绩效考核不能偏离组织使命,不能弱化职业精神。如何在职业精神和组织使命中一些重要内容难以进入量化指标的情况下合理设计绩效考核体系值得深思。其次,在科研绩效考核中,《科学引文索引》(science citation index,SCI)作为科研论文的产出指标有一定合理性,但也不能唯SCI论;要重视基金,因为它反映了计划性科学的价值,但也不能唯基金论;要重视量化评估,却不能唯量化评估。要保证绩效考核正确导向,就必须纠正泛行政化和官本位倾向,就必须坚持科学化、推进民主化。