MBTI人格类型量表:新近发展及应用

MBTI是Katherine Briggs与Isabel Myers共同研制出的一种人格类型评估工具.近些年来,伴随其理论的演进,MBTI量表本身也经历了三个阶段的发展.通过系统梳理MBTI的发展历程并总结相关应用研究的主要结论,发现:该量表的内在发展脉络是“从类型间差异评估,到类型内差异评估,直至个体差异评估”.而未来研究应注重:调查我国职业基础人群MBTI人格类型,建立数据库;深化MBTI量表研究;开展MBTI跟踪研究及跨文化研究;深入并拓展MBTI人格类型的应用研究领域.     

MBTI人格类型量表的理论研究与实践应用

首先从MBTI的理论基础入手分析了MBTI评估与其他人格评估的差异,指出MBTI评估的优势。接着从理论研究和实践应用两方面介绍了国内外的相关研究,前者包括MBTI的信度、效度、常模资料,国内的修订情况,以及MBTI与其他量表的相关关系分析;后者包括MBTI在组织发展与团队建设中的应用,在职业辅导、师生互动、家庭治疗等领域的应用。最后指出使用中存在的问题,并给出相关建议     

态度强度的维度结构与研究操作

态度强度指态度具有坚持性和抵抗性的程度及其对信息加工过程和行为产生影响的程度,包括可获得性、两面性、确定性、精细加工、极端性、重要性、知识性、个人相关性和结构一致性9个常见维度。文章介绍了态度强度的操纵和测量方法,对探讨态度强度维度结构的已有研究进行了阐述和总结,在此基础上指出态度强度至少包含三重维度结构,并提出将态度强度与群体水平变量和社会预警系统相联系等研究角度     

The relevance of security: A latent domain of attachment relationships

In the present study an adult attachment dimension, latent to the constructs of security, anxiety, and avoidance, was hypothesized, wherein security was expected to occupy the most relevant position. Furthermore, the reciprocal functioning of attachment constructs and their interactions with self‐esteem were explored. Four hundreds and thirty‐four Italian university students responded to two adult attachment questionnaires (Attachment Style Questionnaire and Adult Attachment Questionnaire) and to the Rosenberg Self‐esteem scale. A Many‐Facet Rasch Measurement modeling approach was adopted. The main results can be summarized as follows: (a) security, anxiety, and avoidance are nested under one latent attachment dimension; (b) security occupies the most prominent position on the dimension; (c) security is positively associated with a moderate level of attachment anxiety and negatively related to avoidance; and (d) a positive interaction between self‐esteem and security, and a negative relation between self‐esteem and anxiety, were detected. Theoretical, clinical, and empirical implications of the results are further discussed.     

Personality,age, and fluid intelligence

A total of 383 participants (aged 19 to 66 years) completed the Raven's Progressive Matrices, the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation‐Behavior (FIRO‐B), and the California Psychological Inventory‐434 (CPI‐434). Results showed that IQ was positively correlated with perceiving (MBTI), control (FIRO‐B), intellectual efficiency (CPI‐434), achievement via independence (CPI‐434), and negatively correlated with sensing (MBTI), internality (CPI‐434) and norm‐favouring (CPI‐434), supporting the majority of the hypotheses. Participants' age was correlated with many measures, particularly intelligence and accounted for a third of the variance in IQ scores. Limitations are considered.     

How translations of Freud’s writings have influenced French psychoanalytic thinking1

Translations of Freud ’s writings have had a lasting influence on psychoanalytic thinking in France. They have, all the same, given rise to some conceptual distortions as regards the ego and the id, the ideal ego and the ego ideal, and splitting. Lacan’s ‘return to Freud ’ certainly reawakened interest in Freud ’s writings; however, by focusing mainly on Freud ’s early work, Lacan’s personal reading played down the importance of the texts Freud wrote after his metapsychological papers of 1915. The fact that there is no French edition of Freud ’s complete works makes it difficult for French psychoanalysts to put them in a proper context with respect to his developments as a whole. The Oeuvres Complètes [Complete Works] edition may well turn out to be the equivalent of the Standard Edition, but it is as yet far from complete – and, since the vocabulary employed is far removed from everyday language, those volumes already in print tend to make the general public less likely to read Freud. In this paper, the author evokes certain questions that go beyond the French example, such as the impact that translations have within other psychoanalytic contexts. Now that English has become more or less the lingua franca for communication between psychoanalysts, we have to face up to new challenges if we are to avoid a twofold risk: that of mere standardization, as well as that of a ‘Babelization’ of psychoanalysis.     

基于组织政治技能的研究

组织中的政治技能是国外最近研究的热点课题。本文重点介绍了政治技能的概念、结构维度、影响因素及其政治技能的作用,并指出了其未来研究的趋势。     

汉字部件与英文字母相容性的数学模型──一种群体模板相容性的数学表达

该文运用相容性研究中的维度重叠模型以及Ｆｏｒｋ－Ｊｏｉｎ网络模型，得出群体模板的相容性定义与Ｓ－Ｒ相容性的元素匹配之间的关系式，详细讨论了汉字编码输入法研究中的学习遍数、反应时与汉字部件－英文字母相容性的关系，理论模拟与实验结果所显示的趋势符合。