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21.
Dana Freibach-Heifetz 《Philosophia》2008,36(4):575-591
This paper presents a philosophical reading of “The Idiot”, which perceives its main protagonist, Prince Myshkin, as a literary hero who chooses the path of generosity. The paper
exposes Dostoevsky’s generosity-ethics against the background of Christian ethics, virtue ethics, and the Nietzschean notion
of generosity; it further analyzes the problematic aspects of Myshkin’s version of generosity-ethics, and discusses several
possible explanations of its catastrophic outcomes in the novel. The paper consists of three parts. The first part presents
the rich and profound sense that Dostoevsky gives to generosity-ethics in the novel, while showing the good it may bring to
one’s life. The second part exposes the dangers and the limits of generosity-ethics, because of which the Prince may be referred
to as “an idiot”. The third and final part reevaluates generosity-ethics, discusses its relation to reason, and puts forth
another version of generosity-ethics that may overcome most of the flaws in Myshkin’s generosity. Offering such a philosophical
reading of this great literary work of art, the paper also says some things about the relation between philosophy and literature,
and aims at a fruitful dialogue between the two.
相似文献
Dana Freibach-HeifetzEmail: |
22.
Mark A. Pike 《International Journal of Children's Spirituality》2004,9(2):155-162
In this paper reading is conceived as a spiritual gift that can help readers towards an understanding of being. The image of the well and the act of drawing water is employed to illustrate the relation of the spiritual and the aesthetic. The term ‘well‐being’ in relation to reading is used here to draw attention to the importance of ontology in both reading and spiritual education. How readers can practice reading as a spiritual gift is explored with reference to the philosophy of Martin Heidegger (1889–1976), reader‐response theory and selected biblical passages. 相似文献
23.
Creating cosmopolitans: the case for literature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A cosmopolitan education must help us identify with those who are unlike us. In Martha Nussbaum’s words, students must learn “enough to recognize common aims, aspirations, and values, and enough about these common ends to see how variously they are instantiated in the many cultures and their histories.” It is commonly thought that reading serious literature will play a significant role in this process. However, this claim is challenged by theorists we call sentimentalists, who claim that the goals of cosmopolitan education are better served by less sophisticated, overtly sentimental texts which take a certain moral framework as given and encourage straightforward emotional responses within the guidelines of that framework. This paper critiques the sentimentalists’ position, arguing that their conception of a ‘sentimental education’ is inadequate to prepare students for the increasingly diverse, complex, cosmopolitan world their fate it is to inhabit. 相似文献
24.
WTO与医学生人文素质的培养 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
加入WTO对医学生培养带来全方位的挑战,其主要的方面则表现在人文素质的差距上,必须努力建设具有中国特色的医学教育文化,构建医学生人文素质教育课程体系,加强组织保障和评估,以赢得竞争。 相似文献
25.
M. Travis Maynard Deanna M. Kennedy S. Amy Sommer 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2015,24(5):652-677
Organizations increasingly operate within dynamic environments that require them to adapt. To respond quickly and effectively to acute or on-going change, many organizations use teams to help them remain competitive. Accordingly, the topic of team adaptation has become more prominent within the broader organizational team literature. Given the wealth of knowledge that has been accumulated, we consider what has been learned to date. However, even with the increased attention to team adaptation within the literature, not all teams are created equal in terms of their capacity for adaptability. Thus, we review factors that serve as antecedents of team adaptation, the process of adaptation, and the resulting adaptive outcomes. Finally, we suggest future directions for research and practice as we introduce a conceptual framework, whereby the focus of a team’s adaptation process is impacted by the type and severity of the disruption or trigger that gives rise to the need for adaptation. 相似文献
26.
Noam Gil 《Journal of Modern Jewish Studies》2018,17(3):326-341
This essay discusses the recurring preoccupation in Jewish literature with the character of the nudnik, a popular figure in Jewish culture but a rather neglected one in scholarly studies. Even though the nudnik appears in many stories throughout the years, from Sholem Aleichem’s, through Franz Kafka’s, to Isaac Bashevis Singer’s stories and novels – nowhere was he more prominent than in post–World War II Jewish American fiction, more specifically in the short stories and novels of Philip Roth and Bernard Malamud. Both Roth and Malamud depict the nudnik as an embodiment of a generational divide, between the tormented Americanized young and the tormenting “Ostjuden” old. And yet, while Malamud’s nudniks serve as a critique on the fate of Jewish culture and tradition in post-Holocaust America, Roth identifies the character of the nudnik as a contaminating element that will forever haunt the younger individual. By discussing the Yiddish term “nudnik” and its ambivalent and unsettling nature in these writers’ texts, this essay will highlight the cultural impact on modern Jewish identity of the nudnik within each story. 相似文献
27.
Philip Pullman has repeatedly drawn attention to his commitment to 'realism' in the writing of his trilogy His Dark Materials. In this paper, which considers Volume 1, and which will be followed by papers on the succeeding volumes, we explore the meaning of this in the domain of psychic reality. We argue that Pullman writes in the tradition of children's literature which explores children's emotional development. His heroine, Lyra, embarks on a journey which involves learning to differentiate between untrustworthy and dependable parental figures. The magical features of the story allow for fluidity in exploring unconscious phantasy and dreamworlds. The 'fantasy' genre of the story allows its author at the same time to explore many aspects of the contemporary world and its problems, and thus offers its readers an experience of intellectual as well as emotional adventure. Philip Pullman machte wiederholt auf seine Verpflichtung an 'Realismus' in seinem Schreiben der Trilogie His dark Materials aufmerksam. In diesem Artikel, der den ersten Band betrachtet und dem weitere Artikel über die folgenden Bände folgen werden, erforschen wir die Bedeutung dieser Ausssage im Bereich der psychischen Realität. Wir argumentieren, dass Pullman in der Tradition der Kinderliteratur schreibt, die die emotionale Entwicklung von Kindern exploriert. Seine Heldin Lyra tritt eine Reise an, die beinhaltet zu lernen, wie man zwischen unzuverlässigen und verlässlichen Elternfiguren unterscheidet. Die magischen Anteile der Geschichte erlauben eine Fluidität, um unbewusste Phantasie und Traumwelten zu explorieren. Das 'Phantasie'genre der Geschichte erlaubt dem Autor, viele Aspekte der zeitgenössischen Welt und ihre Probleme zu explorieren und bietet den Lesern ein Erlebnis sowohl eines intellektuellen wie auch emotionalen Abenteuers. Dans plusieurs passages de sa trilogie À la Croisée des Chemins (His Dark Materials), Philip Pullman attire l'attention de ses lecteurs sur son parti pris de «réalisme». Dans cet article, qui traite du premier tome et qui sera suivi d'autres commentaires sur les tomes restants, les auteurs en explorent la signification pour la réalité psychique; selon eux, les textes de P. Pullman prennent place dans la tradition de la littérature enfantine ayant pour thème le développement émotionnel de l'enfant. Lyra, héroïne du récit, s'embarque pour un voyage qui, pour partie, exige qu'elle apprenne À différencier les figures parentales qui ne sont pas dignes de confiance de celles qui sont autrement plus fiables. Les aspects magiques de l'histoire permettent une certaine fluidité dans l'exploration des phantasmes inconscients et du monde onirique. Puisqu'il s'agit d'un récit «fantastique», le romancier peut s'autoriser À explorer plusieurs aspects du monde contemporain et des problèmes qui s'y manifestent; ce faisant, il propose À ses lecteurs de vivre une aventure non seulement émotionnelle mais aussi intellectuelle. L'autore ha ripetutamente sottolineato la sua fedelta' al 'realismo' nella stesura della trilogia His dark materials. In questo articolo, che esamina il volume 1, e che sara' seguito da altri articoli sui volumi successivi, gli autori esplorano che cosa questo significhi in termini psichici. Gli autori sostengono che gli scritti di Pullman si collochino nell'ambito della tradizione della letteratura infantile nella quale viene esplorato lo sviluppo emotivo dei bambini. L'eroina del libro, Lyra, intraprende un viaggio nel quale imparera' a distinguere tra figure genitoriali di cui non ci si puo' fidare e altre da cui si puo' dipendere. Le caratteristiche magiche del romanzo danno fluidita' all'esplorazione delle fantasie inconscie e del mondo dei sogni. Allo stesso tempo, il genere 'fantastico' della storia da' la possibilita' all'autore di esplorare molti degli aspetti del mondo contemporaneo e dei suoi problemi, dando quindi al lettore la possibilita' di un'esperienza intellettuale oltre che di un'avventura emotiva. 相似文献
28.
Conflict of interest policies in science and medical journals: Editorial practices and author disclosures 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
This study examines the extent to which scientific and biomedical journals have adopted conflict of interest (COI) policies
for authors, and whether the adoption and content of such policies leads to the publishing of authors’ financial interest
disclosure statements by such journals. In particular, it reports the results of a survey of journal editors about their practices
regarding COI disclosures. About 16 percent of 1396 highly ranked scientific and biomedical journals had COI policies in effect
during 1997. Less than 1 percent of the articles published during that year in the journals with COI policies contained any
disclosures of author personal financial interests while nearly 66 percent of the journals had zero disclosures of author
personal financial interests. Nearly three fourths of journal editors surveyed usually publish author disclosure statements
suggesting that low rates of personal financial disclosures are either a result of low rates of author financial interest
in the subject matter of their publications or poor compliance by authors to the journals’ COI policies. 相似文献
29.
B Lawrence 《Brain and language》1979,7(2):252-263
The writing patterns of two adults diagnosed as having congenital neurological impairment were submitted to linguistic analysis. The written work of these persons was found to contain errors incompatible with those of undereducated native speakers of English but somewhat analogous to errors of aphasics: tense, plural, and possessive endings are absent; articles and prepositions are absent or are used incorrectly; subordinating words are absent or incorrectly used. Yet the oral performance of these persons was syntactically unremarkable. It seems, therefore, that congenital neurological damage can affect the written performance while leaving the oral performance comparatively intact. 相似文献
30.
Investigating the myth of the relationship between teaching and research in higher education: A review of empirical research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Despite the widespread belief in a positive influence of research on education, the empirical evidence is lacking (Hattie
and Marsh 1996). Several authors have questioned the appropriateness of the operationalisation of both aspects of the relation between teaching
and research. This article takes a closer look at the research questions in empirical studies on the nexus between teaching
and research and examines the used variables and their measurement techniques. The study reveals that the used variables and
their operationalisation are diverse as well as limited. There is for example a diversity in the investigated population,
the level of analysis (individual faculty, department, institutions), the nature of the institutions investigated or the questionnaires
used. The operationalisation of both teaching and research is limited. Student learning or the way research is integrated
into teaching are virtually absent and the measurement of research is mostly confined to the quantity of the research output.
This calls for a more systematic research agenda in which student learning is investigated along with more fine grained measures
of teaching and in which the relation of these two indicators and the research proficiency of faculty are looked at. 相似文献