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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Pliskoff SS 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1977,28(2):185-187
The history of the stellar magnitude scale is briefly traced from the second century b.c. until the middle of the nineteenth century. It becomes clear that astronomers formulated "Fechner's Law" by about 1850. While Fechner is credited with the grander view of things, the contention is made that the astronomers John Herschel, W. R. Dawes, and N. R. Pogson have not been given their due by historians of psychology. 相似文献
102.
Marginal maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters: Application of an EM algorithm 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters in the marginal distribution, integrating over the distribution of ability, becomes practical when computing procedures based on an EM algorithm are used. By characterizing the ability distribution empirically, arbitrary assumptions about its form are avoided. The Em procedure is shown to apply to general item-response models lacking simple sufficient statistics for ability. This includes models with more than one latent dimension.Supported in part by NSF grant BNS 7912417 to the University of Chicago and by SSRC (UK) grant HR6132 to the University of Lancaster.We are indebted to Mark Reiser and Robert Gibbons for computer programming. David Thissen clarified a number of points in an earlier draft. 相似文献
103.
《Applied and Preventive Psychology》1998,6(1):15-33
In response to pressure from applied psychologists for the creation of speciality certification boards, professional organizations (e.g., the American Psychological Association and the American Boards of Professional Psychology) have considered and developed specialization and specialty recognition rules. This process may raise potentially serious professional and legal ramitications. Consequently, this article evaluates significant antitrust, discrimination, and malpractice remifications connected with specialization and specialty recognition within the field of professional psychology. The issue raised in the antitrust and discrimination sections of the article affect the very creation of specialty boards, whereas the issue raised in the malpractice section may strongly affect the individual practitioner who becomes board certified. The overarching purpose of this article is to assess and explain the legal implications raised, to predict, where possible the legal treatment of particular specialization-related behavior, and to twarn about possible legal pitfalls and liabilities. Our goal is to arm specialization activity with foresight, so that this inevitable activity can be formulated responsibly by practitioners, specialty organization, and patient/consumers, in a direction useful both for psychology and society. 相似文献
104.
Barry G. Rasmussen 《Dialog》2002,41(2):135-148
This "Theology Update" analyzes the Radical Orthodoxy of John Milbank in light of Martin Luther's dialectic between Law and Gospel. Milbank and his colleagues attack contemporary secularized culture in a manner parallel to Luther's attack on the 16th century Holy Roman Empire for being soulless, aggressive, litigious, materialistic, and finally nihilistic. By re–engaging the battle between Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus, the radical orthodox party seeks to become post–modern by making a half turn back to the pre–modern Thomas, for whom philosophy and theology were integrated, subject was united to object, and being could be understood as relational because the Trinity is relational. Luther is mistakenly dismissed when reducing him to Scotus' nominalism, however. Lutheranism complements radical orthodoxy's analysis of secularized culture; yet Lutheranism maintains an integrity to faith–as the presence of Christ–that this new school fails to grant. 相似文献
105.
Stacy Lee Burns 《Human Studies》2008,31(2):107-131
This paper explores how scientific knowledge is used in a criminal case. I examine materials from an admissibility hearing
in a murder trial and discuss the dynamics of contesting expert scientific opinion and evidence. The research finds that a
purported form of “science” in the relevant scientific community is filtered through, tested by, and subjected to legal standards, conceptions, and procedures for determining admissibility. The paper details how the opposing lawyers, the expert
witness, and the judge vie to contingently work out what will count in court as appropriate scientific authority, methods
and evidence, and as a scientifically valid and legally admissible account of “reasonable fear.” When science becomes enmeshed
in legal controversies, science does not trump law. Rather, it is the court’s canons of proper procedure and measures of substantive
adequacy that take precedence.
相似文献
Stacy Lee BurnsEmail: |
106.
By David D. Grafton 《Dialog》2009,48(3):257-266
Abstract : This article seeks to provide an overarching view of the North American Muslim conversation about interpreting the Qur'an in a post 9/11 world. While most Western critiques of Islam focus on reading the texts of Islam, the author argues that one must also listen to the contemporary intra-Muslim conversation about their own text, in order to faithfully understand the Muslim perspective. In this conversation, the author provides evidence for a plurality of social-political views among Muslims and notes that the post 9/11 North American context is alive and well with such faith conversations. 相似文献
107.
Simon Critchley 《Continental Philosophy Review》2009,42(1):5-34
As a way of thinking through the bleakness of the political present through which we are all too precipitously moving, this
essay attempts to demonstrate the interconnections between three concepts: politics, law and religion. By way of a detailed
reading of Rousseau, I try to show how any conception of legitimate politics and law requires a conception of religion at
its base and as its basis. In my view, this is highly problematic and in the conclusion an argument is presented for a politics
of the supreme fiction, which attempts to show how poetry might take the place of religion.
相似文献
Simon CritchleyEmail: |
108.
Kelly Oliver 《Continental Philosophy Review》2009,42(1):63-80
In this essay, I argue that the contemporary notion of law has been reduced to regulations and disciplinary codes that do
not and cannot give meaning to our emotional lives and moral sensibilities. As a result, we have increasing numbers of what
I call “abysmal individuals” who suffer from a split between law—broadly conceived as that which gives form and structure
to social life—and personal embodied sensations of pain and pleasure. My attempt to understand the place of Abu Ghraib within
American culture leads to an analysis of our valorization of innocence and ignorance that not only becomes the grounds on
which we morally (if not legally) excuse abusive behavior as “fun,” but also becomes part of the justification for condoning
some forms of violence while condemning others. In addition, I argue that the distinction between legitimate and illegitimate
violence trades on underlying assumptions about the relationship between culture and nature, technology and bodies, wherein
bodies are imagined as natural and outside of the realm of law.
相似文献
Kelly OliverEmail: |
109.
Simon Caney 《Metaphilosophy》2001,32(1&2):113-134
This paper defends a global principle of equality of opportunity, which states that it is unfair if some have worse opportunities because of their national or civic identity. It begins by outlining the reasoning underpinning this principle. It then considers three objections to global equality of opportunity. The first argues that global equality of opportunity is an inappropriate ideal given the great cultural diversity that exists in the world. The second maintains that equality of opportunity applies only to people who are interconnected in some way and infers from this that it should not be implemented at the global level. The third, inspired by Rawls's The Law of Peoples , maintains that it is inappropriate to thrust liberal ideals (like global equality of opportunity) on nonliberal peoples. Each of these challenges, I argue, is unpersuasive. 相似文献
110.