Reconsidering theological exchange between China and the West

ABSTRACT

By reviewing the Chinese theological publications in the twentieth century, especially during the 1920s–1930s and after the 1980s, this article aims to show that it is not a zero-sum game between the translation of western theological works into Chinese and the publication of original Chinese theological works. The selection of the western works for translation exhibited a certain creativity from the Chinese side, and in turn, the translated works also inspired original Chinese theological works. In the twenty-first century, the Chinese studies of Christianity developed rapidly. Many Chinese Christian theologians published pro-actively in western languages. Due to the recognition of the importance of Christianity in contemporary China and the awareness of the global context for Christian theology, there was a growing interest among western theologians in non-western Christian theology, including Chinese Christian theology. The exchange and collaboration between Chinese and western theologians were particularly prominent on global and public issues.     

Conflicts of interest between eastern and western scientific systems

The article discusses issues of interaction between the scientific systems of Eastern and Western Europe in the context of current global and local conflicts. Also, ethical issues are considered in connection with solving such problems in science, as well as examining similarities and differences of the scientific systems and their possible modelling. Some practical recommendations are included, based on the suggested academic speculations. An earlier version of this paper was presented at an International Conference on “Conflict of Interest and its Significance in Science and Medicine” held in Warsaw, Poland on 5–6 April, 2002.     

Somatoforme autonome Funktionsstörungen in der Urologie

Zusammenfassung Unter "somatoformen autonomen Funktionsstörungen des Urogenitalsystems" werden Störungen gefasst, die mit der Harnproduktion und der Harnausscheidung zusammenhängen, wie Harnverhalten/-inkontinenz, die Reizblase und das vegetative Urogenitalsyndrom. Neben Störungen der Harnausscheidung stehen diffuse Schmerzen und Missempfindungen im Nieren- und Unterbauchbereich im Vordergrund, ohne dass pathologische somatische Befunde erhoben werden können. Stattdessen wirken sich psychische Spannungszustände dysfunktional auf das Zusammenspiel der Blasen- und der Beckenbodenmuskulatur aus: hierbei können Verspannungen und Myalgien als Affektäquivalente aufgefasst werden. Die therapeutischen Ansätze beziehen sich auf die Erarbeitung eines biopsychosozialen Krankheitsmodells, das Erkennen funktionaler Aspekte der Störung in einem interaktionellen Kontext sowie die Förderung von Selbstmanagementkompetenzen.     

Phonemic awareness and spelling: children's judgments do not always agree with adults

The ability to make explicit judgments about speech sounds is important in learning to read and write an alphabetic system. However, even when children can make consistent judgments about sounds their judgments do not always agree with those of adults. In this study, some children from groups of kindergartners (mean age 5 years, 10 months) and first graders (mean age 6, 7) stated that /tr/ (as in "truck") did not begin with the sound /t/. This judgment was reflected in these children's spellings: They tended to spell /t/ before /r/ with CH, reflecting its affrication. Parallel results were found for /dr/. Further, some children judged that /c/ (as in "chill") and /j/ (as in "Jill") began with /t/ and /d/, respectively. They used the letters T and D to spell these sounds. Thus, children's attention to a phonetic level may result in judgments of speech sounds and spellings that are different from those of adults.     

Channels and stages in human information processing: A limited analysis of theory and methodology

This article reviews the status of the theoretical construct of capacity. Four basic questions are discussed: (1) What is capacity? (2) How is capacity measured? (3) Is capacity limited? (4) If so, where is it limited? It is claimed that empirical answers to these questions have been unsatisfactory due to theoretical and methodological issues that need be resolved. Data are presented to illustrate such difficulties. The construct of capacity has become more and more vacuous and caution is required whenever capacity is invoked to explain behavior. These problems can be overcome by careful research and well-defined models. Capacity can be a soup stone, a millstone, or a touchstone, depending upon how it is used.     

Supervision von Psychotherapie

Zusammenfassung Modelle, Varianten und Methoden der Supervision von Psychotherapie werden vor dem Hintergrund eines sich ?ndernden Supervisionsverst?ndnisses dargestellt. Es wird aufgezeigt, worin diese Ver?nderungen bestehen, auf welche empirische Basis sich die Behauptung von der qualit?tssichernden Funktion der Supervision stützt, und was unternommen wird, um die Qualit?t der Supervision selbst zu sichern.      

RACISM, SOCIAL JUSTICE, AND INTERRACIAL COALITIONS

Is racism in the United States alive and well? Do African Americans still experience alienation and social injustice because of racism? What are the various proposals that have been tendered by conservatives and liberals for overcoming racism? Can interracial coalitions be used as an effective tool for combating racism? I attempt to answer these questions in part by offering an analysis of Cornel West's interracial coalition proposal in Race Matters.