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61.
H. Elaine Rodney H. Richard Tachia Laxley W. Rodney 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1999,18(3):301-309
The study examined the relationship between impulse control and violence in terms of past feelings and acts among African
American males enrolled in Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Data were gathered from a sample of 1,874 male undergraduates
in eleven colleges and universities with predominantly African-American students. Less than six percent were classified as
impulsive, and even less than half of the impulsive males had past feelings and acts of violence. The study offers strategies
for impulse control which may help to further minimize incidents of violence on the college campus. 相似文献
62.
Research investigating the link between mental health, crime and violence often rely on populations that are at a high-risk of violent and criminal behaviour, such as prison inmates and psychiatric patients. As a result of this selection bias, the relationship between mental health, criminal and violent behaviour is significantly over-estimated, with mental health being incorrectly linked with violent and criminal behaviours. This study examines the relationship between mental health, violence and crime in a more representative community-based sample. One hundred and twenty-one individuals with and without a mental health disorder reported their involvement in crime and completed an aggression questionnaire. The results revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in terms of violence and crime involvement between individuals with a mental health diagnosis and those without. Moreover, the study did not find any statistically significant associations between specific mental health disorders and specific crime offences. The findings suggest that certain mental health disorders do not strongly contribute to crime violence and involvement. Limitations and implications are discussed in detail. 相似文献
63.
Sheryl Kataoka Audra Langley Bradley Stein Lisa Jaycox Lily Zhang Norma Sanchez Marleen Wong 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(3):334-341
Although Latinos have been a rapidly growing population in the US, little is known about how mental health symptoms may present
in Latino children especially in the context of those living in poverty and exposed to violence. We explored the level of
violence exposure and trauma symptoms in Latino youth and the relationship of these factors with English language fluency.
During 2000–2002, 1,601, Latino students from seven middle schools participated in a school-based screening to identify students
with exposure to community violence and symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The students completed a self-report
instrument, in either Spanish or English, that combined a modified version of the Life Events Scale and the Child PTSD Symptom
Scale (CPSS). Bivariate analyses and multivariate regression models showed that youth with higher English language fluency
reported greater violence exposure and PTSD symptoms than those with lower fluency. No difference was found in functioning
by English language fluency. English language fluency appears to be related to violence exposure and PTSD symptoms in these
Latino youth. We discuss the importance of school-based programs especially designed to serve Latino students of varying English
language fluency. 相似文献
64.
Female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) have been the focus of a substantial amount of research. However, the subject of male victims of IPV remains a controversial topic, and one which has been comparatively neglected within the literature, despite some findings suggesting that men are victimized by intimate partners at an equivalent, or even higher rate than women. This paper reviews the literature on male victims of IPV, both within opposite and same-gender relationships, focusing on the prevalence and correlates of IPV, as well as exploring the relationship between IPV and ethnicity. According to the literature reviewed, the prevalence of female perpetrated IPV against heterosexual male victims ranges from 0.2% to 93%, homosexual male victimization ranges between 1.8% and 93.7%, and heterosexual female victimization ranges between 1.3% and 86% depending on the type of IPV included, whether the reference period includes the past 12 months, or lifetime experience, and the method used to assess IPV. These data indicate that victimization is as much an issue for men as it is for women. In addition, it appears that men of certain ethnicities may be more at risk than others. Finally, the empirical literature which examines the correlates of male victimization indicates that male victims in heterosexual and gay relationships share many correlates. Unfortunately however, methodological weaknesses in the available literature and a lack of research in some areas restrict the extent to which conclusions can be drawn, and findings generalized. Recommendations for future research are made. 相似文献
65.
The Effect of Neighborhood Recorded Crime on Fear: Does Neighborhood Social Context Matter? 下载免费PDF全文
Amber L. Pearson Gregory Breetzke Vivienne Ivory 《American journal of community psychology》2015,56(1-2):170-179
A number of individual and neighborhood‐level factors may influence the relationship between recorded crime in one’s neighborhood and fear of crime. Understanding these factors may assist in reducing fear, which has been associated with poorer physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of recorded crime rates on fear differs based on the neighborhood social context (social fragmentation) using hierarchical regression modelling, with separate analyses by crime type. Recorded crimes (2008–2010) and national (New Zealand) survey data were used. Higher crime in a neighborhood was associated with higher fear of crime, with only small effect size differences in feelings of fear by recorded type of crime. However, when stratified, the associations between violent and drug/alcohol crimes and fear of crime were larger for those living in highly fragmented neighborhoods compared with less fragmented neighborhoods. Efforts to alleviate fear of crime should focus on the broader neighborhood social context in which these feelings are espoused. 相似文献
66.
Since many former child soldiers are aging and having children of their own, this study aimed to understand how the effects of trauma are passed to the next generation. In this qualitative study, semistructured interviews, focus groups, and observations were conducted with 25 former child soldiers and 15 matched civilian parents. Analysis used a grounded‐theory approach. Trauma may be transmitted from former child soldiers to their offspring via (a) the effect on indero (how to raise a child); (b) severe parental emotional distress; and (c) community effects. Incorporating themes of indero values on how to raise children, the effects of parental posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms on offspring, and the stigma associated with the families of former child soldiers may provide key areas of intervention in mental healing. 相似文献
67.
This paper examines the Intimate Partner Violence through the lens of the Moral Foundations Theory in an attempt to better understand the connections between sacredness and violence. Specifically, it aims to explore the usefulness of the Moral Foundations Sacredness Scale in a sample of 300 men convicted of domestic violence and to determine the existence of a distinctive profile based on the degree to which they sacralize the five moral foundations. Results show that the sacredness scale presents the hypothesized psychometric properties to be used in such specific sample. They also show that controlling for gender and political orientation men convicted of domestic violence have a clear tendency to sacralize the five moral foundations. The Authority foundation significantly discriminates between violent and non-violent participants while the Purity foundation emerges as a significant predictor of self-reported behaviors and beliefs tapping violence within the violent group. 相似文献
68.
Jonathan Asser 《Psychodynamic Practice》2013,19(1):7-19
In this paper I talk about the potential benefits for offenders of working within the transitional space provided by a discussion group. Through ‘play’ these men have an opportunity to interact and learn to be potent without resorting to omnipotent defences of violence to get their own way. In considering the discussion group within the context of the prison as a whole, I focus on the relationship between staff and prisoners and how this relationship can be managed in such a way as to create more opportunities for thinking, leading to an enhanced focus on rehabilitation. 相似文献
69.
Organized Community Activity Participation and the Dynamic Roles of Neighborhood Violence and Gender among Latino Adolescents 下载免费PDF全文
Daisy E. Camacho‐Thompson Robert Vargas 《American journal of community psychology》2018,62(1-2):87-100
Relative to their peers, Latino youth are underinvolved in organized community activities (e.g., Boys and Girls Club), and their experiences lack examination. This study employed a neighborhood case‐study approach to examine the experiences of Latino youth in a neighborhood with high levels of violence and their participation in organized community activities. Employing a cluster sampling design (Lohr, Sampling: Design and analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Nelson Education, 2009), we used quantitative, spatial, and qualitative data to understand adolescents’ participation in organized community activities. Furthermore, to understand how adolescents from the same neighborhood may experience violence differently we examined gender differences. Those who participated in organized community activities witnessed more violence, regardless of gender. General violence (e.g., robberies, shootings) was dispersed throughout the neighborhood, but gender‐specific violence was concentrated along the main street of the neighborhood. In qualitative interviews, adolescents reported this concentration of violence a deterrent to their participation: sexual harassment for girls and gang intimidation for boys. Our findings highlight the unique experiences of youth in violent neighborhoods and the importance of examining differential constraints for those within the same neighborhood. 相似文献
70.
《Pratiques Psychologiques》2015,21(4):331-343
This article presents an application of therapeutic assessment in a mandatory treatment setting. Assessment has been traditionally considered as specially important in this setting. Following previous works (Chudzik & Aschieri, 2013) about the therapeutic relationship in this setting, we show that TA is useful to avoid some common pitfalls and make a real psychotherapeutic process possible. We consider the specificity of each step of TA in this setting and we illustrate it by a clinical case. 相似文献