医师不得拒绝诊疗的法律与伦理问题研究

医患纠纷频繁发生和医患关系不和谐已成为社会热点问题。首先对我国现行医师不得拒绝诊疗的相关法律规定进行概述,并分析了明确医师不得拒绝诊疗义务的法律与伦理上的原因,指出了医师不得拒绝诊疗相关法律规定的不足之处,最后对完善相关法律规定及现实操作进行思考。以达到改善医患关系,减少医疗纠纷的目的。     

老年高血压降压不易达标及降压质量低的原因分析及对策

老年高血压降压不易达标或降压质量低,原因在于老年高血压的特殊性,如多发收缩期高血压、血压波动大、易发生体位性低血压、合并多脏器功能损害等。在老年高血压的治疗中,应充分认识其特殊性,开展健康教育、改善生活方式,正确选择降压药,在降压达标治疗的基础上,提高降压质量,最大限度降低患者靶器官损害,减少心血管终点事件的发生。     

移植排斥反应中若干问题的思考

随着器官移植术和免疫抑制药物的发展,器官移植已成为挽救各类终末期器官功能衰竭患者的最有效手段。然而,移植排斥反应依然是困扰移植学界的难题。移植排斥反应的发生机制和治疗过程中体现了矛盾的普遍性和特殊性,用辩证思考的方法可以有效地指导移植排斥反应机制研究和临床治疗。     

稳定型冠心病治疗方案的临床抉择

由于医疗技术水平的发展,稳定型冠心痛的治疗方案在不断地更新与变化。以往,经皮冠状动脉介入术被广泛应用到稳定型冠心痛的治疗上。但最近的COURAGE试验（the clinical outcomes utilizing revascularization and aggressive drug evaluation trial）使得这一治疗手段的合理性和必要性被质疑。我们必须重新考虑稳定型冠心病治疗方案的临床抉择。     

我们需要一场医疗观念的革命——关于文化医学与物种医学的思考

现代文明的本质特征是用文化秩序取代自然秩序,用文化选择取代自然选择。现代文明的生活方式同人的生命原理的冲突,是现代许多疾病产生的文化根源。因而我们需要一种对现代疾病的“文化治疗”。传统医学只是关注个体生命的“个体医学”。由于个体健康同物种健康之间的内在冲突,我们需要一种防止物种衰退的“物种医学”。     

人工腰椎间盘置换预示了腰椎融合的终结？

腰椎间盘退变性疾患的治疗方法主要是病变椎间盘的单纯切除和腰椎融合。而人工腰椎间盘置换的出现预示了脊柱外科一个新的时代的到来。简要介绍SB charité人工腰椎间盘置换技术,并分析了其早期的临床效果及可能出现的一些并发症,总结了目前人工腰椎间盘的应用所遇到的一些问题。客观的评价人工腰椎间置换技术,为临床实践和进一步研究提供依据。     

Towards Working Life: Effects of an intervention on mental health and transition to post-basic education

The Towards Working Life group method was designed to promote the transition to the upper secondary level or vocational studies and to support mental health among young people finishing their basic education. This study examined the effects of the intervention during upper secondary and vocational studies in a randomized field experimental study among a total of 1034 students. At the one-year follow-up, the program had increased both education related social ties and the number of adults in these ties. The group intervention had interaction effects with baseline risk of depression and learning difficulties on symptoms of depression and school burnout. Among those initially at risk of depression, the intervention decreased symptoms of depression. For students who were at risk of depression and had learning difficulties, the intervention decreased school burnout.     

Group Work with Aggressive Men: Group Within a Group Within a Group

Psychodynamic group therapy offers many opportunities for members to identify, understand, and change the underlying problems, which lead to their aggressive behavior. In addition, group therapy can help to improve the members’ interpersonal relationships. The “Coping with Aggression” is comprised of three groups. A psychodynamic group of assaultive men made up the first group. The second group consisted of two leaders and a consultant whom the group members knew about but never actually met. The observers who sat outside the group made up the third group. Therapy contracts, boundaries, and leadership, and group process are discussed.     

From geometry to phenomenology

Richard Tieszen [Tieszen, R. (2005). Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, LXX(1), 153–173.] has argued that the group-theoretical approach to modern geometry can be seen as a realization of Edmund Husserl’s view of eidetic intuition. In support of Tieszen’s claim, the present article discusses Husserl’s approach to geometry in 1886–1902. Husserl’s first detailed discussion of the concept of group and invariants under transformations takes place in his notes on Hilbert’s Memoir Ueber die Grundlagen der Geometrie that Hilbert wrote during the winter 1901–1902. Husserl’s interest in the Memoir is a continuation of his long-standing concern about analytic geometry and in particular Riemann and Helmholtz’s approach to geometry. Husserl favored a non-metrical approach to geometry; thus the topological nature of Hilbert’s Memoir must have been intriguing to him. The task of phenomenology is to describe the givenness of this logos, hence Husserl needed to develop the notion of eidetic intuition. The author wishes to thank Academy of Finland for financial assistance that enabled her to work on this article.     

When and How Do High Status Group Members Offer Help: Effects of Social Dominance Orientation and Status Threat

The present study explored the implications of an intergroup perspective on individual difference and situational influences on helping, specifically, outgroup members. In particular, we examined the effects of social dominance orientation (SDO) and group status threat on the amount and kind of help offered by Jewish participants (n = 99) to Arab and Jewish students. Dependent measures were the likelihood of helping outgroup and ingroup members across various situations of need and, when help is given, the likelihood that it would be dependency‐oriented rather than autonomy‐oriented assistance. As expected, higher SDO individuals offered less help to outgroup (Arab) students, particularly when they experienced threat to group status, but not to ingroup members. In addition, higher SDO participants, when they did report that they would help, were more likely to offer dependency‐oriented help to outgroup than to ingroup members. The theoretical and applied implications are discussed.